New Jersey Compilation of School Discipline Laws and ...

[Pages:180]New Jersey Compilation of School

Discipline Laws and Regulations

Prepared: March 31, 2021

Introduction

This compilation presents school discipline-related laws and regulations for U.S. states, U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia, and, where available, links to education agency websites or resources related to school discipline and student conduct. The discipline laws and regulations presented in this compilation have been categorized by type of specific discipline issue covered, according to an organizational framework developed by the National Center for Safe and Supportive Learning Environments (NCSSLE). For example, one major category encompasses all laws or regulations governing states or territories that mandate specific disciplinary sanctions (such as suspension) for specific offenses (such as drug possession on school grounds). The school discipline laws and regulations were compiled through exhaustive searches of legislative websites that identified all laws and regulations relevant to each specific category. Compiled materials were subsequently reviewed by state education agency (SEA) representatives in the 50 states, Washington D.C., and the U.S. territories.

Discipline categories were not mutually exclusive. Laws and regulations often appeared across multiple categories. For jurisdictions with more extensive laws covering a breadth of topical areas, relevant sections were excerpted from the larger legislative text for inclusion in the appropriate discipline category. Laws, ordered by chapter and section number, appear first within each category followed by regulations. All laws and regulations listed within categories in the compilation also appear in the sources cited section of the document, which lists laws by chapter and section number and title, and where available, includes active hyperlinks to source websites supported or maintained by state legislatures. Additional links to government websites or resources are provided at the end of this document.

Notes & Disclaimers

To the best of the preparer's knowledge, this Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations is complete and current as of March 2021. Readers should also note that the information in this document was compiled from individual sources that are created by each jurisdiction and which are maintained and updated with varying frequencies. Readers should consult the source information provided directly in order to check for updates to laws and regulations reported in this document or to conduct further research.

For further information, including definitions of the different policy categories, please refer to the Discipline Laws and Regulations Compendium posted on the Center's website.

Prepared by:

Child Trends 7315 Wisconsin Avenue Suite 1200W Bethesda, Maryland 20814

EMT Associates, Inc. 1631 Creekside Drive Suite 100 Folsom, California 95630

Table of Contents

New Jersey State Codes Cited................................................................................................................. 1

Codes of Conduct ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Authority to Develop and Establish Codes of Conduct ............................................................................ 7 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 Communication of Policy....................................................................................................................... 10

In-School Discipline................................................................................................................................ 18 Discipline Frameworks .......................................................................................................................... 18 Teacher Authority to Remove Students From Classrooms ................................................................... 19 Alternatives to Suspension.................................................................................................................... 20

Conditions on Use of Certain Forms of Discipline............................................................................... 23 Corporal Punishment ............................................................................................................................ 23 Search and Seizure............................................................................................................................... 23 Restraint and Seclusion ........................................................................................................................ 24

Exclusionary Discipline: Suspension, Expulsion, and Alternative Placement.................................. 26 Grounds for Suspension or Expulsion ................................................................................................... 26 Limitations or Conditions on Exclusionary Discipline ............................................................................ 28 Due Process.......................................................................................................................................... 28 Return to School Following Removal .................................................................................................... 35 Alternative Placements ......................................................................................................................... 38

Discipline Addressing Specific Code of Conduct Violations .............................................................. 44 Firearms and Other Weapons Violations .............................................................................................. 44 Students with Chronic Disciplinary Issues............................................................................................. 56 Chronic Absenteeism and Truancy ....................................................................................................... 57 Substance Use...................................................................................................................................... 61 Gang-related Activity............................................................................................................................. 81 Bullying, Harassment, or Hazing ........................................................................................................... 82 Dating and Relationship Violence ....................................................................................................... 101

Prevention, Behavioral Intervention, and Supports........................................................................... 104 State Model Policies and Implementation Support.............................................................................. 104 Multi-tiered Frameworks and Systems of Support............................................................................... 106 Prevention ........................................................................................................................................... 107 Social-emotional Learning (SEL)......................................................................................................... 111 Trauma-informed Practices ................................................................................................................. 112 Mental Health Literacy Training........................................................................................................... 112 School-based Behavioral Health Programs ........................................................................................ 112

Monitoring and Accountability ............................................................................................................ 114 Formal Incident Reporting of Conduct Violations ................................................................................ 114 Parental Notification ............................................................................................................................ 124 Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions ........................................ 129

Partnerships between Schools and Law Enforcement...................................................................... 134 Referrals to Law Enforcement............................................................................................................. 134 School Resource Officer (SRO) or School Security Officer (SSO) Training or Certification ................ 162 Authorizations, Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs), and/or Funding............................................. 164 Threat Assessment Protocols ............................................................................................................. 173

State-Sponsored, Publicly Available Websites or Other Resources on School Discipline ............ 174

New Jersey State Codes Cited

New Jersey Revised Laws

Title 2A. Administration of Civil and Criminal Justice

2A:4A-22. 2A:4A-71.1.

General definitions Diversionary programs for certain juveniles

Title 2C. The New Jersey Code of Criminal Justice

2C:39-1. 2C:39-5. 2C:40-3.

Definitions Unlawful possession of weapons Hazing; aggravated hazing

Title 9. Children - Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts

9:10-2.

Incorrigible, insubordinate and disorderly children and habitual truants

Title 18A. Education

18A:6-1. 18A:6-4.1. 18A:6-4.2. 18A:6-4.3. 18A:6-4.4. 18A:6-4.5. 18A:6-4.10. 18A:6-4.11. 18A:6-4.12. 18A:6-112. 18A:6-135. 18A:7E-3. 18A:11-7. 18A:11-9. 18A:12-33. 18A:17-42. 18A:17-43. 18A:17-43.1.

18A:17-43.2. 18A:17-46. 18A:17-48. 18A:26-8.2. 18A:35-4.26. 18A:35-4.27. 18A:35-4.31. 18A:35-30. 18A:35-31. 18A:35-4.23. 18A:35-4.23a. 18A:36-5.1.

Corporal punishment of pupils Security officers of public and nonprofit educational institutions; training courses Policemen; appointment by governing body of institution of learning Application by policeman; approval; issuance to commission Police training course Police powers Construction of act Severability Educational institution reimbursement Instruction in suicide prevention for public school teaching staff Development, establishment of Response to Intervention framework Report card information Findings, declarations relative to school dress codes Prohibition of gang-related apparel Training program; requirements Preamble; purpose of article Employment of law enforcement officers Training course required for service as safe schools resource officer, liaison to law enforcement New Jersey School Safety Specialist Academy, Certification programs Reporting of certain acts by school employee; report; public hearing Annual report to Legislature "School leader" defined; training as part of professional development Instruction in gang violence prevention; required for elementary students Instruction on responsible use of social media Recess period required; exceptions Definitions relative to alternative education programs Operation of alternative education program permitted Domestic violence, child abuse, instruction on those problems Dating violence education incorporated into health education curriculum "School Violence Awareness Week"; designated

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18A:36-19.2. 18A:36-25.2. 18A:36-41. 18A:37-2. 18A:37-2a. 18A:37-2b. 18A:37-2c. 18A:37-2.1. 18A:37-2.2. 18A:37-2.3. 18A:37-2.4. 18A:37-2.5. 18A:37-4. 18A:37-5. 18A:37-6. 18A:37-6.1. 18A:37-7. 18A:37-8. 18A:37-9. 18A:37-10. 18A:37-11. 18A:37-12. 18A:37-13.

18A:37-13.1. 18A:37-13.2. 18A:37-14. 18A:37-15.

18A:37-15.1.

18A:37-15.2. 18A:37-15.3. 18A:37-16. 18A:37-16.1. 18A:37-17. 18A:37-18. 18A:37-19. 18A:37-20. 18A:37-21. 18A:37-22. 18A:37-23. 18A:37-24. 18A:37-25. 18A:37-26. 18A:37-27. 18A:37-28. 18A:37-29. 18A:37-30.

School locker inspection Investigation, reporting of certain pupil absences, transfers Development, distribution of guidelines concerning transgender students Causes for suspension, expulsion of pupils Conditions for suspension, expulsion of certain students Early detection and prevention program Meeting relative to suspension, expulsion of student Suspension, expulsion of pupil for assault, appeal; report Offense by pupil involving assault, removal from school's regular education program Responsibility for removal, report Hearing Determination of pupil's preparedness to return Suspension of pupils by teacher or principal Continuation of suspension; reinstatement or expulsion Rules and regulations Strip, body cavity searches of pupil prohibited Short title Offense by pupil involving firearm, removal from school's regular education program Responsibility for removal, report Hearing Determination of pupil's preparedness to return Non-applicability of act Findings, declarations relative to adoption of harassment and bullying prevention policies Findings, declarations relative to school bullying Short title Definitions relative to adoption of harassment and bullying prevention policies Adoption of policy concerning harassment, intimidating or bullying by each school district "Electronic communication" included in school districts' harassment and bullying prevention policy Actions required relative to bullying policy Policy to include certain incidents occurring off school grounds Reprisal, retaliation, false accusation prohibited Immunity for reporting harassment, intimidation, or bullying at certain private schools Establishment of bullying prevention programs or approaches Other remedies unaffected Application by school district for reimbursement Appointment of school anti-bullying specialists, coordinator School safety teams Program required for teaching certification Program required for administrative and supervisory certification Development of guidance document Establishment of formal protocol for investigating a complaint In-service workshops, training programs Development of online tutorial, test "Bullying Prevention Fund" "Week of Respect"; designated Construction of act

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18A:37-31. 18A:37-32. 18A:37-32.1. 18A:37-33. 18A:37-34. 18A:37-35. 18A:37-36. 18A:37-38. 18A:37-39. 18A:37-40. 18A:37-41. 18A:37-42. 18A:37-43. 18A:37-44. 18A:37-45. 18A:37-46. 18A:37-47. 18A:38-25. 18A:38.25.1. 18A:38-26. 18A:38-27. 18A:38-28. 18A:38-29. 18A:38-30. 18A:40A-2. 18A:40A-3. 18A:40A-4. 18A:40A-5. 18A:40A-6. 18A:40A-7.1. 18A:40A-7.2. 18A:40A-8. 18A:40A-9. 18A:40A-10. 18A:40A-11. 18A:40A-12.

18A:40A-15. 18A:40A-16. 18A:40A-17. 18A:40A-18. 18A:40A-19. 18A:40A-20. 18A:40A-22.

18A:40A-23. 18A:41-9. 18A:46-13.4.

Compliance by nonpublic schools encouraged Inapplicability to certain situations Rules, regulations Findings, declarations relative to dating violence policy and education Definitions relative to dating violence policy and education Task force to develop policy Educational resources, recommendation, posting on website Definitions relative to restorative justice "Restorative Justice in Education Pilot Program" Application for participation by school district Selection of districts Limitation of number, duration of student expulsions, suspensions Ongoing professional development for teachers, staff Application for grant, aid Report "Restorative Justice Education Fund" Report to Governor, Legislature Attendance required of children between six and 16; exceptions "Chronically absent" students, corrective action plan Days when attendance required; exceptions Truancy and juvenile delinquency defined Truants; return to parents or school Warning and arrest of vagrants or habitual truants Assistance of sheriffs, police officers, etc. Curriculum guidelines; annual review and updating; minimum requirements Initial in-service training programs; curriculum; availability Preservice training Loan of educational materials Evaluation Confidentiality of certain information provided by pupil; exceptions Violations, penalties Findings, declarations Definitions Referral program in schools Policies for evaluations, referral, discipline Reporting of pupils under influence; examination; report; return home; evaluation of possible need for treatment; referral for treatment In-service training Guidelines, materials for program Outreach program Employment of student assistance coordinators in certain school districts Pilot programs Annual report Findings, declarations relative to substance abuse testing policies in public school districts Adoption of policy for random testing of certain students Access to school surveillance equipment by law enforcement authorities Definitions relative to use of physical restraint, seclusion techniques on students with disabilities

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18A:46-13.5. 18A:46-13.6. 18A:46-13.7. 18A:58-37.10. 18A:58-37.11. 18A:58-37.14.

Use of physical restraint on students with disabilities Use of seclusion techniques on students with disabilities Guidelines, review process Provision of security services Annual conference Rules pursuant to the "Administrative Procedure Act"

Title 26. Health and Vital Statistics

26:2BB-7.

Alliance to prevent alcoholism and drug abuse

Title 36. Legal Holidays

36:2-224. 36:2-225.

"Teen Dating Violence Awareness and Prevention Month," February; designated Annual observance

Title 40A. Municipalities and Counties

40A:14-146.8. 40A:14-146.9. 40A:14-146.10. 40A:14-146.11. 40A:14-146.12. 40A:14-146.13. 40A:14-146.14. 40A:14-146.15. 40A:14-146.16. 40A:14-146.17.

Short title Definitions Special law enforcement officers Training; classifications Uniforms Fees Special law enforcement officers, appointment, terms, regulations Powers Limitation on hours Limitations on number, categories

Title 52. State Government, Departments and Officers

52:17B-4.7. 52:17B-71.8.

Gang education seminars for school administrators Training course for safe schools resource officers, liaisons to law enforcement

New Jersey Regulations

The State of New Jersey contracts with LexisNexis to provide free public access to the New Jersey Regulations (). Users must agree to terms and conditions prior to use of the site. All listed statutes are searchable by title and chapter number or by using key search terms.

Title 6A. Education

Chapter 9C. Professional Development

Subchapter 4. District-Level, School-Level, and Individual Professional Development Requirements

6A:9C-4.3.

Requirements for and implementation of school leaders' individual professional development plans

Chapter 16. Programs to Support Student Development

Subchapter 1. General Provisions

6A:16-1.1. 6A:16-1.3.

Purpose Definitions

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