Florida Department of Health in Escambia County has one ...

Florida Department of Health in Escambia County has one document for their Community Health Assessment and their Community Health Improvement Plan. Please see below for the page number for each.

Community health assessment ................................................................................................................... 1 Community Health Improvement Plan ..................................................................................................... 15

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

Escambia County

Year

13

Community HealthAssessment

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IN ESCAMBIA COUNTY

Community Health Assessment

1295 West Fairfield Drive ? Pensacola, FL 32501 Phone 850-595-6272 ? Fax 850-595-0062

Table of Contents

Introduction

i

CHAPTER 1

Background

1

Methodology

1

Participation

2

CHAPTER 2

Population Characteristics

4

Social and Economic Characteristics

6

CHAPTER 3

Major Causes of Death

8

Chronic Disease

9

Maternal and Child Health

10

Injury

11

Behavioral Health

12

Access to Care

13

CHAPTER 4

Local Public Health System

14

CHAPTER 5

Community Surveys

15

Key Stakeholders Interviews

16

CHAPTER 6

Forces of Change

17

CHAPTER 7

Local Public Health System

18

CHAPTER 8

Identify Strategic Issues

P

Develop Goals and Strategies

P

Community Health Improvement Plan

P

APPENDICIES

Community Survey Instrument

P

Key Informant Interview Questions

P

INDEX

Chapter

1

Introduction

To protect, promote and improve the health of all people in Florida through integrated state, county, and community efforts.

T

he mission of the Florida Department of Health in Escambia County (DOH-ESCAMBIA) is to protect, promote and improve the health of all people in Florida through integrated state, county, and community efforts. The history of the DOH-ESCAMBIA dates back to 1821. At over 192 years in

continuous operation, the DOH-ESCAMBIA is one of the oldest health departments in the world.

The DOH-ESCAMBIA provides most of the public health services to the over 299,000 residents of Escambia

County, Florida and to the over 3.5 million annual visitors. In addition, DOH-Escambia provides environmental

health, communicable disease, public health preparedness, and certain engineering services to its neighboring

Florida counties. The availability of public health services is fundamental to ensuring the quality of life for

Protect

residents and visitors in Escambia County.

Promote Improve

Participation

Improving the health of a community is a shared responsibility. Through the collaboration of the Partnership for a Healthy Community (PFAHC) and the Louisiana Public Health Institute (LPHI), and with input from the Florida Public Health Institute (FPHI), this comprehensive report was championed by the DOH-ESCAMBIA.

The PFAHC formed in 1994 to assess the community health status and to communicate that information to community decision-makers and to the public. The PFAHC has sponsored comprehensive health status assessments in 1995, 1999, 2005, and in 2012.

The LPHI is the director of the Primary Care Capacity Project of the Gulf Region Health Outreach Program (GRHOP). The GRHOP was developed jointly by the British Petroleum Corporation and counsel as a result of the Deepwater Horizon litigation.

The FPHI was incorporated in 2001and conducts action-oriented research and promotes leadership, partnerships and collaborations to build capacity for strong public health policy, programs, systems and practices. The mission of the Institute is to "advance the knowledge and practice of public health to promote, protect, and improve the health of all."

1

Determinants

The following white paper was compiled by Dr. Susan Turner, associate director of the Escambia County Health Department, in March 2013, and it was shared by the PFAHC Executive Director and President with many stakeholders in the weeks leading up to the 2013 Health Summit.

Health Status is More Than Just Healthcare.

While health statistics are essential to evaluating the health of the Escambia County population, they do not tell the whole story. There are very powerful determinants of individual health beyond access to healthcare. Healthcare accounts for only 20 percent of those things that determine our health. The remaining 80 percent is divided evenly between personal behaviors and socioeconomic status. Poverty, education, race, community culture/infrastructure/policies, and personal choices (smoking, sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, obesity, risky sexual behaviors) are all significant determinants of health. These factors are all interrelated. In order to change the health of our county's residents, a culture change is needed. All factors negatively affecting health need to be addressed by multiple sectors of the community as a concerted effort. The UniteEscambia effort attempted to do just this, through the development of the "solution teams" (poverty, education, housing, health, environment). There is more to be done.

Poverty: when controlling for all other factors, income level is strongly associated with health and longevity. Unfortunately, there is a direct relationship between wealth and health. The more wealth a person or family enjoys, the longer they live.

Areas with high poverty rates often have neighborhoods with more fast food, liquor, gun, and tobacco stores than grocery stores that sell fresh fruits and vegetables

High poverty neighborhoods often lack parks but have rail yards or industrial parks, air or soil pollution, segregated housing, unsafe streets, and crime.

These conditions foster homicide, asthma, substance abuse, heart disease, high blood pressure, infant mortality and mental stress.

Education: Education has profound health effects. More schooling in general ? not just health education ? can lead to greater knowledge about health and greater ability to apply that knowledge to change behavior ? one's own behaviors and the behaviors of one's children ? in healthy ways. More education makes an individual more aware of healthy and unhealthy choices and makes it easier to make healthy choices. Education is tightly linked with income and wealth (see Income), which in turn are tightly linked with health; for example, more schooling yields opportunities for more rewarding jobs with healthier working conditions (see Work).

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Race: our community experiences several distressing racial disparities. Infant mortality is three times more prevalent in black babies than in white Chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are all more prevalent among our black population.

Community: where one lives strongly affects one's life choices and health behaviors. Community infrastructure such as sidewalks, bike paths and stores (and restaurants) offering healthful food choices affect behavior choices by community residents. We need to support "smart growth". Cultural aspects, such as making healthful physical activity and healthful food choices the norm, practicing safe sexual behaviors and avoiding tobacco and alcohol use reinforce healthful choices by individuals. Culture can directly affect personal behaviors/choices. Community policies, such as tobacco use limitations, food choices that can be offered in schools and other community venues, an emphasis on encouraging development of health facilities, the inclusion of side walks in community development, the location of healthful food outlets in all parts of the community, can also affect an individual's health choices Community leaders can assist in addressing these kinds of issues when making economic development, transportation, redevelopment and funding allocation decisions.

Personal choices: Smoking is one of the biggest single contributors to premature death, followed closely by sedentary lifestyle and poor diet. Obesity is the underlying cause of much of the morbidity associated with chronic diseases. Risky sexual behaviors have contributed to Escambia County's recent syphilis outbreak, the higher levels of sexually transmitted diseases and the higher levels of teen pregnancy our community experiences compared to the rest of the state.

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Chapter

2

Escambia County Profile

Population Characteristics

Escambia County, Florida is bordered by Alabama to the north and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Santa Rosa County, Florida to the east. The county has two cities, Century in the far north, and Pensacola in the south where most of the population is centered. Escambia is the 19th largest of Florida's 67 counties by population with 1.6% of Florida's population and the 38th largest county by landmass.

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