Predicates and Quantifiers - York University
Predicates and Quantifiers
Niloufar Shafiei
Review
Proposition:
1. It is a sentence that declares a fact. 2. It is either true or false, but not both.
Examples:
2 + 1 = 3.
True Proposition
Toronto is the capital of Canada.
False Proposition
x + 1 = 2.
Neither true nor false
1
Review
Logical Operators
Negation
?p
"not p."
Conjunction
pq
"p and q."
Disjunction
pq
"p or q."
Exclusive or
pq
"p or q, but not both."
Conditional statement
pq
"If p, then q."
Biconditional statement
pq
"p if and only if q."
2
Predicate Logic
More powerful Express a wide range of statements in
mathematics and computer science
3
Predicates
x > 3
Variable: subject of the statement
Predicate: property that the subject of the statement can have
4
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