Laboratory Tests Interpretation - Nurses Learning

Laboratory

Tests

Interpretation

By

NURSES REASEARCH PUBLICATION

Continuing Education

2001

A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D . No part of this material may be

reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval

system, or otherwise utilized, in any form or by any

means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or

recording, now existing or hereinafter invented, nor may

any part of this course be copied and used for any other

purpose without the written permission from the publisher

and author. For low-cost copies, contact NURSES RESEARCH

PUBLICATION 510-888-9070 Reprint Division.

Notice and Disclaimers:

Medicine and Nursing are ever-changing sciences. As new

information is gained, changes in treatments and drug therapies

are required. The author(s), editor, and publisher of this text

have used every possible reliable source in order to verify

information in this text, to be sure that the information is

accurate and the most current and acceptable information

available at the time of publication. However, due to human

error and/or changes in medical science, neither the editors nor

publishers nor any other parties involved in the preparation or

publication of this text, warrant that the information contained

herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are

not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results

obtained from use of such information. Readers are encouraged

to confirm the information contained herein with other sources.

For example, and in particular, readers should check the product

information sheet for any drugs mentioned in this text that you

plan to administer.

This course is designed to provide nursing professionals

with general information to assist in their practices and

professional development. The information provided in this

course is based on research and consultation with medical and

nursing authorities, and is, to the best of our knowledge,

current and accurate. However, this course is offered with the

understanding that Nurses Research Publication is not engaged in

rendering legal, nursing, or other professional advice. This

course is not a substitute for seeking professional advice or

conducting individual research. In applying the information

provided in this course to individual circumstances, all

recommendations must be considered in light of the unique

circumstances of each situation. This course book is intended

solely for individual use, and not for the benefit of providing

advice or recommendations to third parties. NURSES RESEARCH

disclaims any responsibility for any adverse consequences

resulting from the failure to seek medical, nursing, or other

professional advice, or to conduct independent research. NURSES

RESEARCH further disclaims any responsibility for updating or

revising any programs or publications presented, published,

distributed or sponsored by NURSES RESEARCH unless otherwise

agreed to as part of an individual purchase contract.

IMPORTANT - PLEASE READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS

5. Course Instructions:

a. PRETEST questions are included at the start of each chapter.

Answer these questions before you read the chapter. DO NOT SEND

US YOUR PRETEST ANSWERS. These questions are only for the

purpose of testing your knowledge base BEFORE you read the

course material.

b. The POSTTEST or the "Final Examination" is included as a

separate FINAL EXAM BOOKLET. When you finish reading and

studying the ENTIRE COURSE, take the final exam and place

answers on the enclosed answer sheet. RETURN ONLY THE ANSWER

SHEET TO US, not the final exam booklet. A passing score of 70%

is required. If you fail the exam, you will be allowed to take

the test again, no charge. Your passing score will be printed

on your certificate.

6. License Renewal:

In California, the RN and LVN State Board requires you to

fill out a form with continuing education information in order

to renew your license. The Board in California does not normally require a

copy of your CEU completion certificate (RN, LVN, LPT) , just the information

printed on your certificate. Do not send the board certificates

unless they specifically ask for a copy. If you should need your

certificate rushed, we can FAX a copy for $10 (certificate

mailed free). 510-537-3434

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

3

Course Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

5

Chapter I

Introduction to the course . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

7

Terms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

8

Chapter II

Collection Techniques. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

13

Chapter III

Hematology Studies . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

19

Hematology Studies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

21

Coagulation Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

31

Chapter IV

Special Serology and Blood chemistry Tests

. . . . . . . .

35

Blood Chemistry Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

36

Cardiac Enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

37

Serum electrolytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

41

Chapter V

Body fluid Lab Tests . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

47

Urinalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

48

Chapter VI

Select organ function Tests. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

57

Liver Function Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

58

Chapter VII

STD and HIV Blood Tests. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

65

Laboratory Testing for HIV. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

69

Chapter VIII Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation. . . . .

. . . . . . . .

77

Chapter IX

Select Diagnostic Tests. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

91

Histology, Cytology, and Cytogenic Testing. . . . .

. . . . . . . .

92

Nuclear Medicine Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

99

Electroencephalography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .108

References

Posttest...See Separate Examination Booklet

Course Outline

Chapter I

Introduction

Introduction to course

Terms and Abbreviations

Chapter II

Collection Techniques

Chapter III

Hematology Blood Tests

A

B

Chapter IV

Hematology Studies

Coagulation Studies

Special Serology and Blood Chemistry Tests

A

B

C

Cardiac Enzymes

Serum Electrolytes

Blood Groups and Blood Transfusions

Chapter V

A

B

Chapter VI

Body Fluid Lab Tests

Urinalysis

Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination

Select Organ Function Blood Tests

A

B

Liver Function Tests

Thyroid Function Tests

Chapter VII

STD and HIV Lab Tests

Chapter VIII

Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation

Chapter IX

Select Diagnostic Tests

References

Posttest

See Separate Examination Booklet

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