World Geography Semester Exam Study Guide



World Geography Semester Exam Study Guide Name

UNIT 1 – FRAMEWORK OF GEOGRAPHY

1. Label the 7 continents and 5 oceans. Make sure you know them.

2. Which is the best definition of geography?

A. the study of maps

B. the science and art of describing, analyzing, explaining, and interpreting the Earth as the home of human beings; geography places special emphasis on the spatial relations of society and the natural environment.

3. List the 5 Themes of Geography and their definitions:

|1. Location |Where something is |

|2. Place |What is it like there |

|3. Human-Environment Interaction |How humans affect the environment and the environment affects humans |

|4. Movement |The transportation of people, resources, products, and ideas |

|5. Region |Unifying characteristics: political, physical, religious, things in common |

4. Draw three latitude lines:

5. A globe gives the truest representation of the earth because a globe is a sphere.

6. Write the name of the landform or body of water by the definition:

|A group of islands |Archipelago |

|A piece of land that is nearly surrounded by water |Peninsula |

|A triangular shaped mouth of a river |Delta |

|A narrow strip of land that connects two larger bodies of land |Isthmus |

7. Physical geography has to do with the physical environment of the earth.

8. Cultural geography has to do with the beliefs and actions that defne a group of people’s way of life.

9. Be able to locate the following countries: Saudi Arabia, India, France, Morocco, Madagascar, Brazil, Germany, Iraq, Panama, Philippines, Colombia, Nigeria, Iran, Mexico, Argentina, Cuba, Poland, Turkey, South Africa, Canada, Vietnam, China, New Zealand, Spain, Sudan, Israel, Dem. Republic of Congo, South Korea, Japan, Egypt

(see attached map)

UNIT 2 – WORLD DEVELOPMENT/DEMOGRAPHICS

1. Which two regions in the world tend to be the least developed? Africa and Asia

2. GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product and means the amount of

goods produced and services provided that a country has.

3. What kind of GDP does a country have if it is highly developed – high, medium, or low? High

4. There are at least two theories about how countries develop. Write the correct name by each theory.

A. Dependency Theory The exploitation of countries by others has slowed development.

B. Modernization Theory Every country goes through stages of development, going from farming, to trading, to cities.

5. When the death rate goes down and the birth rate remains high,

what happens to the population? The population INCREASES

6. Rapidly growing populations occur in what type of countries –

- highly developed or less developed? Less developed

7. What shape population pyramid would this type of country have? Draw it:

8. High life expectancy is found in what type of countries? Highly Developed

9. As technology and living conditions improve around the world, what happens to the life expectancy – increases or decreases? Increases

UNIT 3 – INTERDEPENDENCE/ECONOMICS

1. The spread of ideas and products from one group of people to another is called Diffusion.

2. Countries that rely on each other are said to be dependent on each other.

3. True or False: As the years go by, countries in the world become more and more isolated as trade is decreasing rapidly every year.

4. True or False: Natural disasters, such as earthquakes in Iran, cause connections between countries.

5. OPEC stands for Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries.

6. Which type of economic system is found in the U.S. most strongly, capitalism or socialism? Capitalism

7. Cuba’s economic system is most closely related to capitalism or socialism? Socialism

8. Which of the following is the main purpose of an economic alliance?

A. isolate countries so they don’t depend on other countries so much

B. open trade so both countries might benefit

C. create a trade deficit

D. encourage people to buy goods made in their own countries

9. Most of our imported consumer goods come from which continent? Asia

10. When a country exports the same amount as it imports, that country has which of the following?

A. a trade deficit C. an even balance of trade

B. a trade surplus D. many problems

11. Define what a strategic choke point is: A narrow body of water, such as a strait, where ships must pass in order to travel the shortest distanc to trade destinations.

UNIT 4 – CONFLICT/POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

1. What are the three main ways of resolving a conflict? Negotiate

F ight

Leave

2. Words that hurt another person show what type of violence? Verbal

3. Anything that hurts another’s body shows what type of violence? Physical

4. Anything that hurts another feelings is what type? Emotional

(See Types of Conflict Chart)

5. Inter means Conflict between 2 or more groups 6. Intra means Conflict within a group

7. A conflict between two or more groups is Inter-group Conflict

8. An example of an enclave is a country completely surrounded by another country.

9. An example of an exclave is a part of a country that is separated from the main portion of the country by foreign territory.

10. Define exploit: to use for profit.

11. Define a buffer state: a weaker country that provides a protective zone between two stronger countries

12. What does nuclear proliferation mean?

The spreading of nuclear weapons technology to countries that don’t yet have it

13. What do we need to consider when making boundaries of countries?

a. Natural Resources

b. Cultural Differences

c. Defense

d. Languages

14. A forceful overthrow of a gov, often by the military and causing bloodshed is called coup d’etat

15. People who settle in a foreign land, but keep ties to the mother country are called

16. What was the Cold War? A nonviolent war between the United States and Russia.

17. What is a border dispute?

a. Territorial

b. Positional

c. Functional

d. Resources

18. How do physical and cultural geography cause conflict over territory?

|List 3 physical geography causes. ( In other words, what do people fight | |

|over that relates to physical geography) |List 4 examples of cultural causes. |

| | |

|1. Natural Resources |1. Religion |

| | |

|2. Land/Territorial |2. Government |

| | |

|3. Functional |3. Economic |

Unit 5 Human Rights/Model UN

1. The organization composed of most countries that discusses international issues and promotes security and peace is called The United Nations

2. In 1948, the UN passed a document called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

3. Read this document in your notebook and list three of the rights.

a. Right to equality

b. Right to education

c. Freedom from State or personal interference in the above rights.

4. True or False: Most of the countries in the world are in the UN. True

5. Which country contributes the most money to the UN budget? United States

6. The intentional destruction of a national, ethnic, religious, or racial group is called Genocide

7. The conflict in Southern Sudan is between what two culture groups? Hutus

Tutsi

Unit 6 Population/Migration Cities

1. Reasons people move to place are called pull factors.

2. Reasons people move away from a place are called push factors.

3. What are two reasons cities are growing so fast today? Opportunity

Population growth

4. This population increase is causing some problems. List 3. Scarce houseing

High unemployment

Overburdened public services

5. How do we define an urban area? List 3 criteria. High Population Density, a low percentage of the work force be employed in agriculture, centralized services be rovided by the city for the surroundg territory.

6. What is an amenity site? Features, such as a pleasant climate and recreational possibilities, that promote comfortable living

7. What is a resource site? Sites established by natural resources such as water,

8. True or False – Population is unevenly distributed around the world. True

9. Would a city tend to develop near a river or on a tall mountain top? River

10. What is sprawl and what does it look like (physical characteristics on landscape)? List 5

|1. Houses, fences |

|2. Neighborhoods |

|3. Roads |

|4. Landscaping |

|5. Strip Malls |

11. What are people driving to and from that adds up to a billion miles?

Work, cars

12. What positive and negative effects do zoning laws have on our neighborhoods? List 2 of each

|Positive |Negative |

|Safety |Utility bills, taxes |

|Retail, public spaces |Outdated buildings, no diversity |

13. Sprawl is not limited to just cities-describe what sprawl looks like in rural or tourist areas?

Hotels, shopping, transit systems, malls

14. Draw a diagram of each of the following models: Concentric Ring Model, Sector Model, Multi-nuclei Model

-----------------------

Arctic Ocean

[pic][pic]

Asia

North America

Europe

Atlantic

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean

Africa

Indian

Ocean

South America

Australia

Southern

Ocean

Antarctica

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