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Final Exam ReviewCHAPTER ONE (typically 2-3 problems)TermsPopulationSampleParameterStatisticQuantitativeQualitativeDiscreteContinuousLevels of MeasureNominalOrdinalIntervalRatioCensusSampling MethodsRandomSystematicStratifiedClusterConvenienceCHAPTER TWO (typically 3-4 problems)TermsFrequency tableLower/Upper LimitLower/Upper BoundaryClass MidpointClass WidthRelative FrequencyOutlierEmpirical Rule (68/95/99.7)CalculationsMeasures of CenterMeanMedianModeMidrangeGrouped Mean (from a frequency table)Modal ClassMeasures of SpreadRangeStandard DeviationVarianceDistribution ShapesBellSkewed (left/negative and right/positive)UniformMeasures of PositionQuartiles (Q1 Q2 Q3)Percentiles (Pn)Z-scoreBox and Whisker PlotKey Calculator Command: STAT, CALC, 1:1varstatUse just L1 for a single list and L1 and L2 with a frequency tableCHAPTER THREE (one problem)Probability of an event Probability of an event NOT happening 1 – P(x) CHAPTER NINE (about 3 problems)Calculator: correlation [you won’t need the table for the final]STAT, CALC, 4:linreg, L1 , L2[look for output “r”]Formula: regression where x is given in the problem and a and b are outputs from calculatorCHAPTER FOUR (about 7 problems)Probability Distributions Calculator: Mean and S.D. for a probability tableEnter outcomes (x’s) in L1 and probabilities (P(x)’s) in L2STAT, CALC, 1:1varstat, L1 , L2Binomial DistributionsCalculator: Probabilities 2nd VARS arrow downBinompdf(n, p, x) [used for when there is only one 1 x value]2nd STAT, over to MATH, 5: sum, 2nd VARS arrow downSum(binompdf(n, p, {x1, x2, …} [used when there is more than one x value]Formulas: CHAPTER FIVE (about 6 problems)Calculator: probabilities2nd DIST arrow down2: normalcdf(lower, upper, )[access E using 2nd key then “,” key]2:normalcdf (a, b, )2:normalcdf (-E99, b, ) 2:nomalcdf (a, E99, )Calculator: position3:invnorm( area, μ, σ)where “area” is proportion of the bell to the LEFT of positionCHAPTER SIX (about 3 problems)Table: to use the t-table use the bottom row if n ≥ 30 and df or n – 1 if n < 30Use the confidence level to select a column.Calculator: Confidence Intervals STAT, TEST7: zinterval(interval estimate for a mean, n ≥ 30)8: tinterval(interval estimate for a mean, n < 30)A:1propzint(interval estimate for a proportion)Formulas: Sample Size to estimate a mean to estimate a proportion/percentCHAPTER SEVEN (typically 9 problems)When hypotheses use = and ≠ it is a “two tailed test” critical values ±When hypotheses use ≥ and < it is a “one tailed test”, critical value is negativeWhen hypotheses use ≤ and > it is a “one tailed test”, critical value is positiveTable: to use the t-table use the bottom row if n ≥ 30 and df or n – 1 if n < 30Use the significance level and # of tails to select a column.Calculator: Hypothesis Testing STAT, TEST1: ztest (claim about a mean, n ≥ 30)2: test (claim about a mean, n < 30)5:1propztest (claim about a proportion)General Steps1. Set up Hypotheses2. Determine test type and find critical value(s)3. Crunch the numbers on the calculator4. Make a decision to reject or Fail to Reject (FTR) the null5. Make a conclusionIf the claim is H0 and you reject, “there is evidence to reject the claim”If the claim is H0 and you FTR, “there is not enough evidence to reject the claim”If the claim is H1 and you reject, “there is evidence to support the claim”If the claim is H1 and you FTR, “there is not enough evidence to support the claim” ................
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