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Pay the PlayersJacob QuinteroDelvin WilsonHayden HerseyEthan BellTexas Tech UniversityThe National Collegiate Athletic Association’s (NCAA) refusal to pay the athletes that bring in vast amounts of money directly affects the choice of athletes to leave college and turn professional early before completing their degree. Additionally, college athletes must face the constant threat of injuring themselves while maintaining their unpaid amateur status, which in turn could eliminate or greatly reduce their chances of being drafted to a professional team. These players miss the opportunity to play their respective sport for the full four years and get their degree. In the NCAA, it has been proven time and time again that the student-athletes participating in these sporting events bring in millions of dollars for their respective universities. How much money are these players really worth though, and why are the universities not paying them what they are owed? The revenues generated by college sports have reached over a billion dollars according to David J. Berri in ‘Paying NCAA Athletes’ (year). While college athletics are huge in general, there areis a certain number of teams in each sport that dominate year in and year out. The domination in the sports means these schools make more money. In ‘Paying NCAA Athletes,’, Berri describes in great detail the amount of money generated by major college sports programs like Duke’s basketball team (year). Duke’s basketball team made $33.7 million in revenue in 2015, and they paid coach Mike Krzyzewski 17.9% of that, or $6.04 million. To put that into perspective, the San Antonio Spurs only paid legendary head coach Gregg Popovich 4.7& of the teams total revenue. What exactly is the reasoning for this? Berri says, that “The NBA’s collective bargaining agreement states the NBA players are to be paid approximately 50% of league revenue. In contrast, Duke University cannot pay its basketball players more than the cost of attendance. According to Duke University, this amount is $67,654.34. During the 2014–2015 season, twelve different players received minutes for Duke University. If each player was paid the cost of attendance, then Duke University would have paid all of its players $811,848. In other words, Duke would only have paid its players 2.4% of its revenue.” (Berri &, David J. 2016, ppg. 486). Consider if Duke was required, like the NBA, to pay its players 50% of its revenue, the Duke players from the 2014-2015 championship winning season would have made sizeable salaries. If the salaries were based off of minutes played, Quinn Cook would have made $2,974,961, Tyus Jones with $2,817,891, Jahlil Okafor with $2,432,747, Justise Winslow with $2,415,534, Matt Jones with $1,795,862, and Amile Jefferson with $1,761,435 respectively (Berri &, David, J. 2016, pg. 487). For many of these players this money is life changing and they can still get a degree while enjoying a sport they love. Now, many would argue that they should just go to the professional leagues in each sport to make the big money, but often many kids are not ready for this step and need the college years to thoroughly develop and hone their skills. Although,But many people feel these players are exploited and for that reason many players bail for professional leagues. College students deserve pay for the amount of work they put in to generate revenue for universities.The National Collegiate Athletic Association’s (NCAA) refusal to pay their athletes has been an issue since the year 1990. In the article “Paying College Athletes ” by Dennis A. Johnson and& John Acquaviva the writers said, “In the late 1800's, football played by college teams was a brutal sport but enjoyed by many fans. However, from 1900 to 1905, there were 45 players who died playing the sport . This prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to summon the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, and threaten them with a ban unless the sport was modified. As a result of that meeting, a group of 62 university presidents convened to form the Intercollegiate Athletic Association in 1906. This group evolved into the NCAA in 1910, but as a group it only possessed supervisory power. College football is not a safe sport and did not offer any pay for the sacrifices they made. The current television rankings revenue and the revenue each game brings in from merchandise to ticket sales is an overwhelming amount of the majority of a universities source of income. The problem with that is the players do not get to see a dime from those sales. These athletes are used for their likeness and even their last names. The uUniversities use the players as a pawns; from bobble heads and posters to jerseys and t-shirts. The athletics departments rake in a ridiculous amount of revenue from those products but do not distribute a penny to the athletes. This is the reason it is so difficult for schools to retain the talent that they recruit and bring in to their programs. The players sacrifice their body and sometimes even their mental state for the sake of the game they love to play. The injuries that can occur to these players could very well spell the end of their careers. There are not any guarantees of a professional career after such injuries occur. The athletes do not intend to stay long once they have peaked talent wise. In the cCollegiate level of these sports the scouts and analysts will speak on professional draft projections, and if the athletes are mentioned in that conversation they plan on declaring for that draft immediately. Throughout this process the athletes go through rigorous training for the development of their skills and continuous scrutiny for their performance ability. This process takes a toll on their mental states and they look to end that process as soon as possible when they are drafted and out of the corporate eye of the NCAA.One issue in particular that the NCAA has received heavy criticism for is the production of a series of hugely popular collegiate sports themed video games released under the title “NCAA Football.” These games were produced in the same style as the equally popular NFL themed “Madden” games, complete with detailed virtual versions of entire college rosters, their stadiums, and coaches. A major point of backlash that dogged the NCAA during the time these games were produced was that the players depicted in them bore uncanny similarities to their real-life student-athlete counterparts, right down to the last detail. Kids wanted to play as their favorite college players, so the players’ inclusion in the game was a non-negotiable. The biggest names in college football were replicated in the games every year, and the cover of each new game was plastered from corner to corner with an action shot of the most popular collegiate athlete from that specific year. The games used specific traits attributable to specific players, who by NCAA rules could not receive money for this obvious commercialization of their likenesses. While the NCAA is technically within their rights in turning a profit off of their own league by using players from the colleges that the aAssociation is comprised of, the games’ real attraction stems from the athletes themselves, who receive no share of the profits. As Matthew G. Matzkin further explains in his article Gettin Played: How the Video Game Industry Violates College Athletes’ Rights of Publicity by Not Paying for their Likeness, “For a college sports video game to achieve ultimate success… This feat is accomplished best by using the likenesses of real collegiate players and actual college teams” (Matzkin, year, p. 228). HThe author goes on to list the NCAA bylaws which make it illegal for collegiate players to receive any money whatsoever for their likeness, including any “compensation for their names and images” (Matzkin, year, p. 228). The author concludes that the NCAA bylaws listed above have created an atmosphere he describes as a “safe haven” (Matzken, 228) ?in which both the NCAA and the game’s producers are able to retain 100% of the profits made from these games without having to pay royalties to the players themselves being featured (Matzken, year, p. 228). College athletics have been receiving a noticeable amount of attention in the last few years, c. Collecting data through attendance, television ratings, and team revenues have shown record breaking numbers proving the undeniable success of the NCAA. This inevitably raises questions about the preexisting issue of what college athletes receive for providing the school with so much revenue. There are several high profile scandals shining light on the inappropriate behavior of coaches, and higher education institutions; t. This is to expose the unethical ways of the NCAA and show their inability to fairly compensate their athletes. This topic has caused backlash and has tainted the public’s perception of college athletics. Currently the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) isare facing multiple legal challenges. This has the potential to ultimately change the dynamic between universities and their college athletes. Specifically, these legal challenges are pertaining to the athletes being reimbursed appropriately for their contribution to the institutions success. The undeniable truth is when a school’s athletics are thriving it provides national attention, and a significant amount of revenue. Taking this into consideration it seems odd the players are non’t getting additional benefits for their athletic success. This takes away the players incentive to stay in college and almost promotes the idea of leaving early to pursue their professional goals to alleviate the financial stress. ?In conclusion, college athletes are caught between something of a rock and a hard place. The NCAA has regulations in place prohibiting them from receiving any kind of monetary compensation for anything concerning athletics. They are forced to choose between opportunities and obligations to their universities, and those offered through professional sports. While they do have the opportunity to get a college education thanks to collegiate athletics, playing a sport is by nature very time- consuming which makes having a part-time job difficult. This also comes with the potential for injury, which can hinder their ability to make money playing their sport professionally in the future. For these reasons, tThe NCAA’s refusal to pay the athletes that bring in vast amounts of money directly affects the choice of athletes to leave college and turn professional early before completing their degree. These players in turn miss the opportunity to play their respective sport for the full four years and get their degree. ReferencesBerri, David J. (2016). Paying NCAA Athletes. Marquette Sports Law Review HYPERLINK " A. Johnson & John Acquaviva (2012). Point/counterpoint: paying college athletesThe Sport Journal 15.1 retrieves from HYPERLINK " Matzkin, M. G. (n.d.). Gettin' Played: How the Video Game Industry Violates College Athletes' Rights of Publicity by not Paying for Their Likenesses. Retrieved February 27, 2019, from HYPERLINK "÷=14&id=&page= Sanderson, A. and Siegfried, J. (2019). The Case for Paying College AthletesThis paper made the best argument for your topic out of any of the other papers I have graded, so it is unfortunate that there were so many mistakes made in regards to APA format (which is the easiest part). There was definitely a lack of in-text citations and when there were citations, they were incorrectly formatted – which I went over in class several times and made it a point to ask if any groups needed help on them. Additionally, the header was incorrectly formatted, as well as the page numbers, and all of the references listed here at the end of the paper. There was clearly a lack in attention to detail so that is where you will be losing the majority of your points. Lastly, you will need to state the article IN ITALICS at the beginning of every summary along with the author name – which I also stated in class. Article Summaries – 88Argument – 94Format (APA) – 68Grammar & Mechanics - 84

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