A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

John R. Clark Hall

A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

Table of Contents

A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary..................................................................................................................1 John R. Clark Hall...................................................................................................................................2 PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION...............................................................................................5 LIST OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS WITH THEIR EXPLANATION......................................7 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS...................................................................................................14 A.............................................................................................................................................................17 B.............................................................................................................................................................73 C...........................................................................................................................................................129 D...........................................................................................................................................................161 E...........................................................................................................................................................182 F...........................................................................................................................................................212 G...........................................................................................................................................................276 H...........................................................................................................................................................308 I............................................................................................................................................................375 K...........................................................................................................................................................385 L...........................................................................................................................................................386 M..........................................................................................................................................................414 N...........................................................................................................................................................449 O...........................................................................................................................................................466 P...........................................................................................................................................................496 Q...........................................................................................................................................................504 R...........................................................................................................................................................505 S...........................................................................................................................................................523 T...........................................................................................................................................................611 ?...........................................................................................................................................................642 U...........................................................................................................................................................669 W..........................................................................................................................................................709 Y...........................................................................................................................................................774

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A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

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A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

John R. Clark Hall

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? PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION ? LIST OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS WITH THEIR EXPLANATION ? ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS ? A ? B ? C ? D ? E ? F ? G ? H ? I ? K ? L ? M ? N ? O ? P ? Q ? R ? S ? T ? ? ? U ? W ? Y

Produced by Louise Hope, Zoran Stefanovic, the Germanic Lexicon Project, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.

[Transcriber's Note: This text is intended for users whose text readers cannot use the "real" (Unicode, UTF-8) version of the file. Some compromises have been made, mainly in the spelling of Old English. --Where possible, macrons ("long" marks) are shown with circumflex accents: ? ? ? ? ? --Long ? is split up as ??, while long y is approximated with ?. (The dictionary rarely uses acute accents, and never for Old English.) --The "oe" ligature (rare) is shown in brackets as [oe]. --Greek words and letters (also rare) have been transliterated and are shown between +marks+.

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A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

--The "dagger" and "double dagger" symbols have been replaced with and ? respectively; the + and ? symbols are as printed.

Unless otherwise noted, words are spelled and alphabetized as in the original. The letter ? is alphabetized as "ae". The letter ? (eth) is alphabetized separately after "t". The letters j and v are not used; medial k occurs only once. When two words are otherwise identical, the one containing a macron is usually given second. Cross-references are shown as printed. When there is an error or ambiguity, corrections are given in [[double brackets]] at the end of the entry or as a separate paragraph. Where possible, these standard wordings were used: under "m?s" The referenced word is either a secondary entry or a parenthesized alternative spelling in the form "m?s (?)". headword spelled "m?s" Minor difference, generally an added or omitted macron or a predictable vowel variation such as ? for ?. form of "m?s" The referenced word is an inflected form. A few very common patterns such as adverbs in "-l?ce" listed under adjectives in "-lic" are not individually noted. redirected to "m?s" The cross-referenced form leads to further cross-references. To avoid empty cross-references, a few entries, clearly identified, were restored from the first edition. In the original book, shorter entries--chiefly cross-references--were printed two or three to a line. They have been separated for this e-text. All [single brackets], asterisks* and question marks? are in the original. In the body of the Dictionary, italics are shown conventionally with lines, while small capitals are marked as text. Boldface in headwords is unmarked; elsewhere it is shown as text. Superscript numerals ("small superior figures") are shown with a caret; braces are used when necessary to avoid ambiguity. ?wr?on^1,2 strong verb, class 1 or 2 b?rnett (y^2) second syllable also spelled with y 234^1 page 234, line 1 Typographical errors are listed at the end of the e-text. To avoid confusion with original brackets, anything added by the transcriber is shown in [[double brackets]]. The New English Dictionary (NED) is now known as the Oxford English Dictionary (OED).]

* * * * * * * * * A CONCISE ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS C. F. CLAY, Manager London: FETTER LANE, E.C. Edinburgh: 100 PRINCES STREET [Illustration: Publisher's Device] Bombay, Calcutta and Madras: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd. Toronto: J. M. DENT AND SONS, Ltd. Tokyo: THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA

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All rights reserved

A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

A CONCISE ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS

by JOHN R. CLARK HALL, M.A., Ph.D.

Second Edition Revised And Enlarged

New York: The Macmillan Company 1916

Cambridge: Printed by John Clay, M.A. at the University Press

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A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

The first edition of this dictionary having been exhausted, it has been extensively revised, and certain new features and alterations have been introduced into it.

1. The principle of arranging all words according to their actual spelling has been to a considerable extent abandoned. It was admittedly an unscientific one, and opened the door to a good many errors and inconsistencies. The head form in this edition may be either a normalised form or one which actually occurs.

2. Words beginning with ge- have been distributed among the letters of the alphabet which follow that prefix, and the sign + has been employed instead of ge- in order to make the break in alphabetical continuity as little apparent to the eye as possible. The sign ? has been used where a word occurs both with and without the prefix.

3. References to Cook's translation of Sievers' Anglo-Saxon Grammar, and to the Grammatical Introduction to Sweet's Reader have been taken out, as Wright's or Wyatt's Old English Grammar will have taken their place with most English students.

4. A new feature which, it is hoped, will prove widely useful, is the introduction of references to all, or nearly all, the headings in the New English Dictionary under which quotations from Anglo-Saxon texts are to be found. A vast mass of valuable information as to the etymology, meaning and occurrence of Old English words is contained in that Dictionary, but is to a very large extent overlooked because it is to be found under the head of words which are now obsolete, so that unless one happens to know what was the last form which they had in Middle English, one does not know how to get at it. This information will be made readily available by the references in the present work, which will form a practically complete index to the Anglo-Saxon material in the larger dictionary and will at the same time put the student on the track of interesting Middle English examples of the use of Old English words. Besides directing the reader (by means of quotation marks) to the heading in the New English Dictionary where the relevant matter may be found, an indication has been given of the texts from which quotations are made therein, when these do not exceed four or five[1].

[Footnote 1: As regards the letter W and some small parts of other letters which have not yet appeared in the NED, a reference has been given to its abridgement (The Concise Oxford Dictionary ).]

5. There have been many valuable contributions to Anglo-Saxon lexicography (by Napier, Swaen, Schl?tter, F?rster, W?lfing and others) since the first edition of this Dictionary appeared, and these have been made use of, but (as before) unglossaried matter has not been systematically searched for words not hitherto recorded in Anglo-Saxon Dictionaries[2].

[Footnote 2: The part of the Supplement to 'Bosworth-Toller' which has already appeared shows that Professor Toller is examining such matter with great care and thoroughness.]

6. The number of references to passages has been very largely increased. All words occurring only in poetical texts have been marked. If they occur more than once they bear the sign , if only once, a reference to the passage is generally given. If not they are marked ?. As regards prose texts, the rule has been only to give references to particular passages in the case of rare words,--more especially +hapax legomena+. The references to AO, CP and ? which were given in the earlier edition have been retained, as a useful indication that the word occurs in Early West Saxon or Late West Saxon prose, as the case may be.

7. By various devices it has been found possible, while much increasing the amount of matter in the book, to add very slightly to the number of pages, and at the same time to reduce the number of columns on a page from three to two. Most of these devices are more or less mechanical, but one method of saving space may be mentioned. Certain compound words, descriptive of places, which, as far as I know, occur only in charters and

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A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary which may often be more correctly regarded as proper nouns, have not been separately inserted. Their meaning can however always be ascertained by referring to their components, and where the abbreviation Mdf is inserted the reader will understand that examples of words so compounded, or of the components, or of both, will be found in Birch's Cartularium Saxonicum, or in Earle's Land Charters, and that references to those examples are given in Middendorff's Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch.

8. In the List of Abbreviations, etc. at the commencement of the book, editions of texts which are furnished with a glossary have been specially indicated.

J. R. C. H. January, 1916.

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