UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE DISSERTATION DOCTOR …

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE

Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures

DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Information and Computer Science

by Roy Thomas Fielding

Dissertation Committee: Professor Richard N. Taylor, Chair

Professor Mark S. Ackerman Professor David S. Rosenblum

2000

? Roy Thomas Fielding, 2000. All rights reserved.

The dissertation of Roy Thomas Fielding is approved and is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm:

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Committee Chair University of California, Irvine

2000 ii

DEDICATION

To my parents,

Pete and Kathleen Fielding,

who made all of this possible, for their endless encouragement and patience.

And also to

Tim Berners-Lee,

for making the World Wide Web an open, collaborative project.

What is life? It is the flash of a firefly in the night. It is the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.

-- Crowfoot's last words (1890), Blackfoot warrior and orator.

Almost everybody feels at peace with nature: listening to the ocean waves against the shore, by a still lake, in a field of grass, on a windblown heath. One day, when we have learned the timeless way again, we shall feel the same about our towns, and we shall feel as much at peace in them, as we do today walking by the ocean, or stretched out in the long grass of a meadow. -- Christopher Alexander, The Timeless Way of Building (1979)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................................................................viii CURRICULUM VITAE .................................................................................x ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION ....................................................xvi INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................1 CHAPTER 1: Software Architecture ..............................................................5

1.1 Run-time Abstraction............................................................................................5 1.2 Elements................................................................................................................7 1.3 Configurations ....................................................................................................12 1.4 Properties ............................................................................................................12 1.5 Styles...................................................................................................................13 1.6 Patterns and Pattern Languages ..........................................................................16 1.7 Views ..................................................................................................................17 1.8 Related Work ......................................................................................................18 1.9 Summary.............................................................................................................23

CHAPTER 2: Network-based Application Architectures.............................24

2.1 Scope...................................................................................................................24 2.2 Evaluating the Design of Application Architectures ..........................................26 2.3 Architectural Properties of Key Interest .............................................................28 2.4 Summary.............................................................................................................37

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