Cellular Respiration: The breakdown of glucose to release ...

[Pages:6]Cellular Respiration: The breakdown of glucose to

release energy to make ATP's.

Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6 + O2 --------------> ATP + CO2 + H2O

(energy)

(energy)

Photosynthesis

Sunlight + CO2 + H2O --------------> C6H12O6 + O2

(energy)

(energy)

A = Oxygen B = Glucose C = CO2 D = H2O

Cellular Respiration Overview

Aerobic Respiration: The complete breakdown of glucose with oxygen resulting in lots of ATP's, CO2, H20.

Phase 1: Glycolysis Reactions

Reactions take place in the cytoplasm of cells.

Reactants

Products

Glucose

4 ATP's

2 ATP's

2 NADH's

2 Pyruvic Acid molecules

Phase 2: The Kreb's Cycle Reactions. Gets rid of Pyruvic Acid.

Reactions take place in the fluid filled Matrix in a mitochondria.

Reactant

Products

Total for 2 Pyruvic Acid Molecules

Pyruvic Acid

4 NADH's

8 NADH's

1 FADH

2 FADH's

1 ATP

2 ATP'S

CO2

Phase 3: The Electron Transport System (ETS) Reactions. Gets rid of NADH & FADH

Reactions take place in the inner membrane Cristae of a mitochondria.

Reactants

Products

NADH FADH

H2O ATP's

**** 2 ATP/FADH and 3 ATP/NADH

O2

Aerobic Respiration totals for 1 Glucose molecule: From Glycolysis and Krebs 10 NADH's ----ETS------> 30 ATP's 2 FADH's ----ETS------> 4 ATP's ATP's from Glycolysis and Kreb's ---------> 6 ATP's Total ATP production for one molecule of glucose: 40 ATP (gross) Activiation energy needed for Glycolysis: -2 ATP

Grand Total/Glucose: 38 ATP

*Overall yield is probably around 36 ATP due to the active transport of Glycolysis' NADH into the mitochondria.

Anaerobic Respiration: The incomplete breakdown of glucose WITHOUT OXYGEN resulting in a few ATP's and other high energy molecules. Two types of anaerobic respiration; Alcoholic Fermentation (yeast cells) and Lactic Acid Fermentation (higher animal muscle tissue during heavy activity).

Alcoholic Fermentation: yeast cells

Glycolysis Reactions + an additional step (in cytoplasm).

Reactants

Products

Glucose

4 ATP's (gross)

2 ATP's

2 NADH's

2 Pyruvic Acid molecules

additional step

Reactants

Products

2 Pyruvic Acid molecule

Ethyl Alcohol

2 NADH's

CO2

Lactic Acid Fermentation: your muscles cells can do this during heavy exertion.

Glycolysis Reactions + an additional step (in cytoplasm).

Reactants

Products

Glucose

4 ATP's (gross)

2 ATP's

2 NADH's

2 Pyruvic Acid molecules

additional step

Reactants

Products

2 Pyruvic Acid molecule

Lactic Acid (produces muscle fatigue and burn)

2 NADH's

In both types of anaerobic respiration, the net yield per glucose molecule is 2 ATP. This is considerable less than aerobic respiration's yield (~ 38 ATP).

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