Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition

G l e n c o e

Reading Essentials

and Study Guide

Student Workbook

To the Teacher

Glencoe World History Reading Essentials and Study Guide is designed to help you use recognized reading strategies to improve your reading-for-information skills. For each section of

the student textbook, you are alerted to key terms and are asked to draw from prior knowledge, organize your thoughts with a graphic organizer, and then follow a process to read

and understand the text. The Reading Essentials and Study Guide was prepared to help you

get more from your textbook by reading with a purpose.

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1: The First Humans

Section 1: Early Humans .........................................................................................1

Section 2: The Neolithic Revolution and the Rise of Civilization .............................5

Chapter 2: Western Asia and Egypt

Section 1: Civilization Begins in Mesopotamia........................................................9

Section 2: Egyptian Civilization: ¡°The Gift of the Nile¡± .........................................14

Section 3: New Centers of Civilization ..................................................................20

Section 4: The Rise of New Empires......................................................................24

Chapter 3: India and China

Section 1: Early Civilization in India......................................................................27

Section 2: New Empires in India ...........................................................................33

Section 3: Early Chinese Civilizations ....................................................................38

Section 4: Rise and Fall of Chinese Empires ..........................................................44

Chapter 4: Ancient Greece

Section 1: The First Greek Civilizations .................................................................48

Section 2: The Greek City-States ...........................................................................52

Section 3: Classical Greece ....................................................................................57

Section 4: The Culture of Classical Greece ............................................................62

Section 5: Alexander and the Hellenistic Kingdoms ..............................................67

Chapter 5: Rome and the Rise of Christianity

Section 1: The Rise of Rome..................................................................................71

Section 2: From Republic to Empire ......................................................................76

Section 3: Culture and Society in the Roman World .............................................81

Section 4: The Development of Christianity ..........................................................85

Section 5: Decline and Fall ....................................................................................89

Chapter 6: The World of Islam

Section 1: The Rise of Islam ..................................................................................92

Section 2: The Arab Empire and Its Successors .....................................................96

Section 3: Islamic Civilization..............................................................................101

Section 4: The Culture of Islam ...........................................................................104

Chapter 7: Early African Civilizations

Section 1: The Development of Civilizations in Africa.........................................108

Section 2: Kingdoms and States of Africa............................................................112

Section 3: African Society and Culture ................................................................116

Chapter 8: The Asian World

Section 1: China Reunified ..................................................................................120

Section 2: The Mongols and China ......................................................................124

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Section 3: Early Japan and Korea ........................................................................128

Section 4: India After the Guptas ........................................................................134

Section 5: Civilization in Southeast Asia .............................................................138

Chapter 9: Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire

Section 1: Transforming the Roman World .........................................................143

Section 2: Feudalism ...........................................................................................147

Section 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms....................................................151

Section 4: The Byzantine Empire and the Crusades ............................................156

Chapter 10: Europe in the Middle Ages

Section 1: Peasants, Trade, and Cities .................................................................161

Section 2: Christianity and Medieval Civilization ................................................167

Section 3: The Culture of the High Middle Ages..................................................171

Section 4: The Late Middle Ages .........................................................................175

Chapter 11: The Americas

Section 1: The Peoples of North America............................................................180

Section 2: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica .....................................................184

Section 3: Early Civilizations in South America ...................................................188

Chapter 12: Renaissance and Reformation

Section 1: The Renaissance .................................................................................191

Section 2: The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance............................................196

Section 3: The Protestant Reformation................................................................200

Section 4: The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response....................205

Chapter 13: The Age of Exploration

Section 1: Exploration and Expansion .................................................................210

Section 2: Africa in an Age of Transition .............................................................215

Section 3: Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade ......................................218

Chapter 14: Crisis and Absolutism in Europe

Section 1: Europe in Crisis: The Wars of Religion ...............................................222

Section 2: Social Crises, War, and Revolution .....................................................226

Section 3: Response to Crisis: Absolutism ...........................................................231

Section 4: The World of European Culture..........................................................235

Chapter 15: The Muslim Empires

Section 1: The Ottoman Empire ..........................................................................239

Section 2: The Rule of the Safavids .....................................................................244

Section 3: The Grandeur of the Moguls...............................................................247

Chapter 16: The East Asian World

Section 1: China at Its Height ..............................................................................252

Section 2: Chinese Society and Culture ...............................................................256

Section 3: Tokugawa Japan and Korea ................................................................259

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Chapter 17: Revolution and Enlightenment

Section 1: The Scientific Revolution ....................................................................264

Section 2: The Enlightenment..............................................................................269

Section 3: The Impact of the Enlightenment........................................................274

Section 4: Colonial Empires and the American Revolution..................................279

Chapter 18: The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 1: The French Revolution Begins ............................................................284

Section 2: Radical Revolution and Reaction ........................................................289

Section 3: The Age of Napoleon..........................................................................294

Chapter 19: Industrialization and Nationalism

Section 1: The Industrial Revolution ...................................................................299

Section 2: Reaction and Revolution.....................................................................304

Section 3: National Unification and the National State .......................................309

Section 4: Culture: Romanticism and Realism .....................................................315

Chapter 20: Mass Society and Democracy

Section 1: The Growth of Industrial Prosperity...................................................319

Section 2: The Emergence of Mass Society..........................................................323

Section 3: The National State and Democracy.....................................................328

Section 4: Toward the Modern Consciousness.....................................................334

Chapter 21: The Height of Imperialism

Section 1: Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia..........................................................339

Section 2: Empire Building in Africa ...................................................................344

Section 3: British Rule in India............................................................................350

Section 4: Nation Building in Latin America........................................................354

Chapter 22: East Asia Under Challenge

Section 1: The Decline of the Qing Dynasty ........................................................359

Section 2: Revolution in China ............................................................................365

Section 3: Rise of Modern Japan .........................................................................369

Chapter 23: War and Revolution

Section 1: The Road to World War I ...................................................................375

Section 2: The War..............................................................................................379

Section 3: The Russian Revolution ......................................................................385

Section 4: End of the War ...................................................................................390

Chapter 24: The West Between the Wars

Section 1: The Futile Search for Stability.............................................................394

Section 2: The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes..........................................................399

Section 3: Hitler and Nazi Germany ....................................................................404

Section 4: Cultural and Intellectual Trends..........................................................408

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