Real Life Situation #1:



T.O.K. Presentation

Examples of how to use a Real Life Situation to explore a Knowledge Question.

Real Life Situation #1: Dr. Phil and others continue to perpetuate the notion that vaccines cause autism.

Knowledge Question:

How can we determine the validity of scientific studies?

Extended questions:

What role does the media play in disseminating scientific information?

What role do our emotions play in our understanding of scientific information?

• Application:

➢ Reporting on Ebola crisis.

➢ Global warming

Real Life Situation #2: The ban on importing goods made by child labour.

Knowledge Question:

To what extent can we use emotion to make valid ethical decisions?

Extended questions:

To what extent should we use emotion when making decisions regarding others?

How do we balance emotions and reasoning in this?

• Application:

➢ CIA & torture

➢ Not allocating failing grades

Real Life Situation #3: Mars 1 Exploration 2024

Knowledge Question:

In what ways can ethical knowledge influence discovery of scientific knowledge?

Extended question:

Does ethics help or hinder scientific knowledge?

• Application:

➢ Concentration camps and Dr. Mengele

➢ Animal testing

Real Life Situation #4: Nurse in Maine who refused the Ebola quarantine

Knowledge Question:

How do we know how reliable scientific predictors/determinations are?

Extended questions:

How do we know how reliable predictions are in any AoK?

How much authority/validity do we give them in terms of dictating human behaviour?

Who decides or how do we decide when the good of the majority supersedes the individual’s rights?

• Application:

➢ National Security watch list

➢ Euthanasia: Terry Shiavo

➢ Agriculture and the use of pesticides

Real Life Situation #5: Correlation of Brain Health and Violence

Knowledge Question:

How can natural science help us make ethical decisions?

Extended questions:

How does physiology affect propensity for violence?

• Application:

➢ Bioethics (e.g. genetic screening/testing)

➢ Criminal justice (e.g. establishing guilt and sentencing)

➢ Sports Management

Real Life Situation #6: Government Intervention in Nutrition (regulations)

Knowledge Question:

Can shared knowledge be more valid than personal knowledge?

Extended questions:

When does shared knowledge become necessary to mandate through laws?

• Application:

➢ Assisted suicide debate

➢ Right to bear arms (US constitution)

Real Life Situation #7: Michael Garner case in NYC (July 2014)

Knowledge Question:

How does shared knowledge shape ethics?

Extended questions:

Which is more powerful in the development of knowledge: sense perception or emotion?

To what extent does shared knowledge shape our sense perception?

• Application:

➢ Simpson trial

➢ Ferguson, MO Grand Jury decision

➢ Clinton Impeachment

Real Life Situation #8: Fake “Eye Witness” coming forward in Michael Brown case?

Knowledge Question:

What criteria should be used to determine truth?

Extended question:

Can a criteria be established to determine truth?

• Application:

➢ No video of Michael Brown incident; video of Michael Garner case

➢ Protests stemming from emotion rather than evidence

Real Life Situation #9: Bill Cosby scandal

Knowledge Question:

What is the role of emotion in evaluating an individual’s contribution to shared knowledge?

Extended questions:

How to we evaluate the reliability of evidence?

How does emotion influence your acceptance of shared knowledge?

• Application:

➢ Rape culture on campuses

➢ Jian Ghomeshi scandal and consent

➢ Counter example: Lord Byron

Real Life Situation #10: Controversy over commemorating one historical figure over another (e.g. Florence Nightingale vs. Mary Seacole: History Today article)

Knowledge Question: To what extent do present day preoccupations influence historical interpretation?

Extended questions:

What is the role of emotion in gaining knowledge?

How valid is memory in knowledge acquisition?

• Application:

➢ In the U.S: Columbus Day vs. Native American Day

➢ Rosa Parks

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