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→ Section 3.4 and 3.5
Some definitions:
→Fibonacci Numbers: f0 = 0, f1 = 1 and fn = fn-1 + fn-2 … some initial terms 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, …
Importance : In construction, Concept of Golden Ratios and this ratio occurs in nature too eg ratio of dimensions of leaf of a plant.
→Binary Tree – each parent node has at max 2 child nodes
→Extended Binary Tree – defined as – an empty set is also extended binary tree. Also given T1 and T2 are Extended Binary Trees then T1rT2 is also an extended Binary Tree where r is the root and T1 and T2 are its child.
→Full Binary Tree is defined as – a single vertex is a full binary tree, if T1 and T2 are Full Binary Tree then T1rT2 is also Full Binary Tree if r is the root and T1 and T2 are the child subtrees of r.
→Height of a tree is defined as 1 + max{h(T1), h(T2)} where T1 and T2 are left and right subtrees of root and h(T) represents the height of the tree T.
Examples:
Give recursive definitions for the set of even integers.
→ You have to take care of both +ve and –ve numbers. So define it as 0 E Set. If x E Set then so does (x+2) and (x-2)
Give a recursive definition of functions max and min so that max(a1, a2, …, an) and min(a1, a2, …, an) are the maximum and minimum of a1, a2, …, an resp.
→Let max and min for 1 number be defined as itself.
Define max(a1,a2) = a1 if a1 >= a2 else a2 similarly min(a1,a2) = a1 if a1 ................
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