Mode S Surveillance Principle - ICAO
Mode S Surveillance Principle
Surveillance/MICA Workshop
J?r?me Bodart
26-28 February 2019
Objective
Description of the key technical principles of Mode S radar
Lockout, Interrogator Code (IC)
more details in "Operation on II and SI Code, II/SI Code Operation"
Coverage Maps
more details in "Mode S Radar Coverage"
Clusters
Description of Mode S radar operation, interrogations and replies Overview of other surveillance systems:
ADS-B Multilateration (WAM) Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)
Mode S Surveillance Principle
2
S = Selective
Selectively communicate with individual aircraft
Unique Mode S address for each aircraft (24-bit address)
Allocated by the State at registration
An `address' for Mode S radar (IC = Interrogator Code)
Provided by the EUROCONTROL MICA (Mode S Interrogator Code Allocation) Cell
Backward compatible with old systems (Mode AC)
Mode S Surveillance Principle
3
Mode S and Mode AC Interrogations and Replies
Mode AC transponder
Mode S transponder
Mode AC ground interrogator
Mode AC and Mode S operate on the same
frequencies: Interrogations on 1030MHz
Replies on 1090MHz
Mode S Surveillance Principle
Mode S ground interrogator
4
Mode S and Mode AC interoperability
Uplink Pulse Formats (1030 MHz)
P1
P3
MODE AC P1
8 sec
P3
21 sec
P1
P3 P4
INTERMODE P1
P3 P4
MODE S
P1 P2 P1 P2
P6 16.25 sec
P6 30.25 sec
Interrogation Pulse Sequences
Name
MODE A MODE C
Mode-AC Mode-S
transponder transponder
MODE A MODE C
MODE A MODE C
MODE A ALL-CALL
MODE C ALL-CALL
MODE A MODE C
No Reply
MODE S Short MODE S Long
No Reply
MODE S if addressed
or All-Call
Transponder Replies (1090 MHz)
Mode S Surveillance Principle
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