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Name__________________________________Period____ Date_____________________Aim: What role did nationalism play in the unification of Germany?5524535560Map Analysis:1) Create a title for this map. Explain the reasoning behind your title.The Unification of GermanyLike Italy, Germany was not a unified nation in the mid-1800s. Both of these countries were very late to unify. However, the patchwork of independent German states did have a common language and culture. In addition, the Congress of __________________ helped increase nationalism by creating the German Confederation, a group of 39 German states with a common language and culture.The path toward unification began in 1834, when the German Confederation signed the Zollverein, an economic alliance that allowed for the removal of tariffs on products traded between the German States. These new economic freedoms encouraged the building of railroads to foster trade and communication within the German Confederation. Soon, German businessmen were calling for unification. 2) What was the Zollverein and how did it aid in the process of German unification?Otto von Bismarck: The Chancellor (leader) of PrussiaOtto von Bismarck, a conservative and a politician, was the leading force behind German unification. He became prominent in Prussian (a German state) politics in 1847 when he gave a conservative speech to the German Parliament (government). The Prussian king, Wilhelm I sought to help the German territories catch up to other European regions like Britain that had already started industrializing. He chose Bismarck as prime minister of Prussia. Bismarck was not like the liberals of the time who wanted revolution and more freedoms. Instead, he supported the king and his quest to unify Germany. 3) What did Otto von Bismarck want to achieve for the German territories?The following is an excerpt from Otto von Bismarck’s speech to the Prussian Parliament (governing body)…“Prussia’s boundaries according to the Vienna treaties are not favorable to a healthy state life. The great questions of our time will not be resolved by speeches and majority decisions – that was the great mistake of 1848 and 1849 – but by iron and blood.” ---Otto von Bismarck4) What is the main idea of Otto von Bismarck’s speech? What was he trying to tell his listeners?Germany unifies through “Blood and Iron”Bismarck believed that he should do whatever was necessary to unify the German states. This political philosophy became known as Realpolitik. Bismarck soon pushed for increased funds to expand the size of Prussia’s army. This policy is known as militarism. After building the Prussian army, Bismarck went about uniting the German states via military force. Bismarck would involve Prussia in three major wars in his quest for German unification. Below are brief descriptions of these wars.Prussia vs. Denmark (1864) – Prussia aligned with Austria against Denmark in order to gain control of the Danish territories of Schleswig and Holstein. Denmark quickly conceded (gave up) the territories. Prussia gained control of Schleswig and Austria gained control of Holstein.2789555428625Prussia vs. Austria (1866) – Bismarck knew that if he were to unite Germany, he would have to fight Austria. After making an alliance with the newly unified Italy, Bismarck sent Prussian troops into Austrian territory. This began the Austro-Prussian War. Prussia defeated Austria quickly and annexed much of Austrian territory. Prussia vs. France (1871) –Bismarck next turned his attention to the territories of Alsace and Lorraine on the border with France. This led to the Franco-Prussian War. With the support of southern German states, Prussia was able to secure a victory and Bismarck annexed the last of the southern states for Prussia. The treaty signed at the end of the war established a unified German Empire. In 1871, the new government recognized Wilhelm I as Kaiser, or emperor of Germany. Wilhelm then named Bismarck as his first Chancellor. Over the several decades, Germany would go through a time of economic prosperity and rise to become a world power.5) Describe Bismarck’s policy of Realpolitik. Provide one example of how Bismarck used this policy.6) Identify one enduring issue that is reflected in today’s lesson. Be sure to provide at least examples to support your reasoning.Bismarck’s policy of Realpolitik was that he would do whatever was necessary to unify the German states. Bismarck militarized Prussia and provoked wars with Denmark, Austria and France in order to unite the German stBoth Giuseppe Garibaldi and Otto von Bismarck were nationalists who used war as a means of uniting their people. ................
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