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Name____________________________________

Teacher__________________________________

RELA Per___ Date_______________________

Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of notebook paper. Some questions might have multiple possible responses. Be sure to know all possible answers to the questions. Use the literature textbook and your copies of the articles, and prove your answers with evidence from the text.

from “I Have a Dream”

1. What is the significance of the setting for the text “I Have a Dream”?

2. Why does Dr. King use the extended metaphor, “This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity”?

3. Both Dr. King’s speech and Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address” contain an anaphora (the repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses). What is the purpose of this literary device as it is used in both texts?

4. In paragraphs four and five, Dr. King uses an analogy to illustrate America’s broken promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to “her citizens of color.” (An analogy is a case of reasoning or arguing from parallel cases.) What is this analogy?

5. By linking the occasion of his speech to the Emancipation Proclamation and by using biblical language (reminding listeners that he is a minister), King defines his personal authority, thus what is established?

6. In paragraph nine of the speech (beginning “The new militancy…”), Dr. King says that many of our white brothers…have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.” Based on the context, what is the meaning of inextricably?

7. In paragraph 11 of the speech (beginning "I am not unmindful . . .), Dr. King addresses those in the audience who have been unjustly imprisoned and who have been "battered by . . . police brutality." What advice does Dr. King offer to these people?

8. Toward the end of the speech, in the paragraphs beginning with the now-famous phrase "I have a dream," Dr. King mentions certain members of his own family. Which family members does he refer to and why?

9. Toward the end of his speech, how does Dr. King delivers a patriotic appeal?

10. At the end of his speech, Dr. King repeatedly calls out, "Let freedom ring." Which locations does he name in this part of the speech?

from “The Gettysburg Address”

11. What did Lincoln mean when he said, “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation”?

12. What did Lincoln mean when he said, “conceived in liberty”?

13. Which lines from Lincoln’s address support the idea that Lincoln believed it was the dead, rather than the living that made the cemetery a sacred place?

14. Which lines from Lincoln’s address support the inference that Lincoln believed the people who died at Gettysburg did so for a good reason?

15. What is ironic about this quote from Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address? “The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.”

16. Which line from “The Gettysburg Address” best displays the humble tone of Lincoln’s speech?

17. Which line from “The Gettysburg Address” includes repetition to create an exaggerated affect?

18. What type of appeal did President Lincoln have as soon as he took the stage to deliver the Gettysburg Address?

19. Dr. King’s “I Have a Dream” speech and Abraham Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address” have common literary elements. One of the common elements is theme. Describe and explain that common theme.

20. Dr. King’s “I Have a Dream” speech and Abraham Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address” have common elements found in an argument. One of the common elements is a call to action. What is the common call to action from both speeches?

21. Near the end of his speech, Dr. King delivers the patriotic appeal “Let freedom ring.” Which lines could be described as a patriotic appeal from the “Gettysburg Address”?

22. Both texts have examples of repetition. How does the use of repetition influence the meaning of the text?

from “Educating Sons” and “The First Americans”

23. In “Educating Sons,” how does Chief Canasatego say he feels about the invitation to Iroquois young men to go to college?

24. In “Educating Sons,” Chief Canasatego says that Iroquois boys who go to the colonists’ schools results in what consequence?

25. What piece of historical context explains why the authors of “The First Americans” address their letter to the Mayor of Chicago?

26. The authors of “The First Americans” contrast Native Americans and whites when saying that Native Americans respected nature by doing what?

27. What do both sections say about Native Americans?

28. In “Educating Sons,” what does Chief Canasatego say the English colonists must know because they are wise?

29. In “Educating Sons,” Chief Canasatego contrasts the education of Native Americans and whites by saying that a Native American education should result in knowledge about what?

30. “The First Americans” explains that white men took Native Americans’ land, hunting ground, and forests. Which detail in the background information best explains the historical context of these actions?

31. What proves that the Native Americans are civilized?

32. In both selections, the speakers are willing to make what compromise?

33. Often an argument or persuasive speech will have an underlying message. What is the underlying message of Chief Canasatego’s speech?

34. A text can have more than one layer of meaning, in fiction, the events of the plot are one layer, and themes are another layer. In a speech such as Chief Canasatego’s, the apparent message can coexist with a hidden agenda. What is its hidden agenda.

35. Irony occurs when what the speaker says is different from what he or she actually means. In the following lines from “Educating Our Sons” what is the irony in these closing remarks? “We are, however, not the less obliged for you kind offer, though we decline accepting. To show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we would take great care in their education, instruct them all we know, and make men of them.”

36. In the following lines from: “The First Americans”, what is the purpose of the repetition?

“ Tell them how we loved all that was beautiful. That we killed game only for food, not for fun. Indians think white men who kill for fun are murderers.

Tell your children of the friendly acts of Indians to the white people who first settled her. Tell them of our leaders and heroes and their deeds. Tell them of Indians such as Black Partridge, Shabbona, and others who many time saved the people of Chicago at great danger to themselves.”

from “What to a Slave is the Fourth of July?”

37. Because Douglass speaks from a slave’s point of view, what effect is created?

38. How does the use of rhetorical questions impact Douglass’ audience?

39. What is the irony that Douglass mentions in his speech?

40. “Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery?” is an example of what rhetorical device?

41. Douglass’s statement that “the character and conduct of this nation never looked blacker to me than on this Fourth of July” is an example of which persuasive device?

42. How does Douglass believe the country treats African Americans?

43. Why does Douglass call the celebration of July 4th a “sham”?

44. Since African Americans do not enjoy the same freedoms as white Americans what does Douglass believe about how the Fourth of July should be celebrated?

45. Why does Douglass use a large number of rhetorical questions?

46. Douglass’s statement that “there is not a man beneath the canopy of heaven that does not know that slavery is wrong for him” is an example of which persuasive device?

from “The Sanctuary of School”

47. Why do the author and her brother like to sleep on the couch?

48. How does the author feel when she wakes up on the morning she sneaks out?

49. Why does Barry’s description of her school, “15 nondescript portable classrooms set down on a fenced concrete slab in a rundown neighborhood in Seattle, but it had the most beautiful view of the Cascade Mountains,” include a reference to the view of the Cascade Mountains?

50. What does everyone in the author’s class have the chance to do sometimes?

51. Why does Barry choose to walk to school in the dark?

52. Based on the illustration of p. 1017, what can the reader conclude about Barry’s relationship with school?

53. What line from the text, tells the reader that drawing allows Barry to express herself and work out her problems?

54. What always seems to be happening in Barry’s home?

55. What is the most likely cause of Barry’s eagerness in wanting to get to school?

56. Why do Barry’s parents fail to notice that she is missing when she sneaks out of the house?

57. Just as Dr. Martin Luther King used a metaphor in his “I Have a Dream” speech, why can the reader conclude that Barry uses the metaphor “children with the sound turned off” comparing her and her brother to a television with the sound turned off ?

58. How does the discussion of the art supplies in the back of the classroom express Barry’s purpose?

59. What does Barry say that people are told about public schools?

60. Why does Barry worry about other children in public schools today?

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