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Understanding Slavery A Pre-Reading Experience

Michelle Sapp and Jamie Wolfe

Bloomington Junior High School

Summer 2006

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Contraband of War: Slaves of the Rebel

General, Thomas F. Dryton, Hilton Head,

S.C., May, 1862.

Comprehension begins before students actually read the pages of a book. Pre reading activities activate prior knowledge, arouse curiosity, set purposes for reading, and motivate students to read. The following activities use materials from the American Memory Collection and other online sources in order to gain an understanding about slavery. This background knowledge will serve as a springboard for our novel study of Something Upstairs by Avi.

Overview/ Materials/LOC Resources/Standards/ Procedures/Evaluation/Handouts/Extension

|Overview Back to Navigation Bar |

|Objectives |Students will: |

| |differentiate between the factual and embellished information within historical |

| |fiction. |

| |learn to relate historical fiction to their own lives. |

| |compare how the time period the character lived in is different from theirs. |

| |read and interpret primary source materials. |

| |learn to cite sources from the Library of Congress. |

|Recommended time frame | 1 week |

|Grade level |6-8 |

|Curriculum fit |Reading/Language Arts, Social Studies |

|Materials |Novel: Something Upstairs - Avi |

| |Click for more information on the novel |

| |Day 1: Life in a Box Materials |

| |Analysis Worksheet |

| |Probable Passage Worksheet |

| | |

| |Day 2: Historical Pictures |

| |Photo Analysis Worksheet |

| | |

| |Day 3: Need to be in computer lab |

| |Resource Table (access on computer) |

| | |

| |Day 4: Need to be in computer lab |

| |Thinking About Songs As Historical |

| |Artifacts Worksheet |

|Illinois State Learning Standards Back to Navigation Bar |

| |Language Arts: |

| |GOAL 1: Read well with understanding. |

| |1B Apply reading strategies to improve understanding and fluency. |

| |GOAL 2: Read and understand literature representative of various societies, eras |

| |and ideas. |

| |2B Respond to literary material from personal, creative, and critical points of |

| |view. |

| |GOAL 3: Write to communicate for variety of purpose. |

| |3C Read and interpret a variety of literary works.(compare/contrast themes, discuss|

| |how characters deal with conflict, solve problems and relate to real life |

| |situations) |

| |GOAL 5: Use the language arts acquire, assess and communicate information. |

| |5B Analyze and evaluate information from various sources. |

|Procedures Back to Navigation Bar |

| |Day One: |

| |Students will analyze the life of Sojourner Truth by evaluating a box of primary |

| |sources supplied by the teacher. |

| |Click here to view the primary sources that will be in the bag. |

| |Students will describe the items contained in the bag using the, “Life in a |

| |Bag”bagwkst.doc analysis worksheet. |

| |Students will make inferences about Sojourner Truth’s life based on the primary |

| |sources. |

| |Students will use the form, “Probable Passages” to record their inferences. |

| |Students will share their probable passages with the class. |

| |Students will choose one thing from the box and discuss what type of primary source |

| |it is. |

| | |

| | |

| |Day Two: |

| |The teacher will provide a set of historical pictures |

| |click here to view pictures |

| |available for student choice. (Individual Activity) |

| |From a set of historical photographs based on the book, “Something Upstairs” by Avi,|

| |students will choose one to analyze. |

| |Students will use the, “Photo Analysis Worksheet” |

| |photo_analysis_worksheet.pdf |

| |to record their thoughts.(Think/Pair/Share |

| |Activity) |

| |Students will discuss in small groups what they can infer from the photograph. |

| |Students will discuss what further questions they have about the photograph. |

| | |

| |Day Three: |

| |The teacher will show students a resource table using various primary sources that |

| |correspond to the time period and novel, Something Upstairs by Avi. (ex. maps, |

| |photos, prints, sheet music, manuscripts, or sound recordings). |

| |Click here for possible themes to explore. |

| |Students will go to the computer lab and view the blank, “resource table” created by|

| |the teacher. |

| |The teacher will introduce the Library of Congress website and show them|

| |how to search for primary resources. |

| |The class will search collectively for a particular item (map) and record it on the |

| |table. |

| |Students will then be required to add a resource from the photo, print, sheet music,|

| |and manuscript or sound recording section. |

| | |

| |Day Four: |

| |Students will research music that is reflective of the time period and/or themes the|

| |book, Something Upstairs consists of by utilizing the Library of Congress’, |

| |“American Memory.” |

| |Click here for song list |

| |Students will use the “Thinking About Songs as Historical Artifacts” |

| | worksheet to record their |

| |thoughts. |

| |Students will look at the song, respond to the song, and think about the historical |

| |meaning of the song. |

| |After filling out the worksheet and sharing in a small group, students will consider|

| |what more they want to know and how they may find that out. |

| | |

| |Day Five: |

| |Students will explore diaries of various people who lived in the South during the |

| |19th century by visiting First-Person Narratives of the American South. |

| |Students will click on the word ‘diaries’ and explore the various entries. |

| |After selecting a diary entry, students will respond by writing a letter to the |

| |person. |

|Evaluation Back to Navigation Bar |

| |*students will be evaluated using the provided links to resource sheets. |

|Extension Back to Navigation Bar |

|[pic] |Possible extension activities: |

| |Reader’s theatre |

| |create scripts |

| |use photographs as backdrops |

| |research people who were slaves and develop characters based on their lives |

| |Read slave narratives |

| |write letters |

| |Research |

| |well known slaves |

| |constitution |

| |laws |

| |Emancipation Proclamation |

| |write a newspaper for and against slavery |

| |Other ideas |

| |create a power point presentation |

| |- write a song or poem |

| | |

Primary Resources from the Library of Congress

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|Image/ |Description |Citation |URL |

|Primary Resource | | | |

|[pic] |Caption: I sell the shadow to|Library of Congress, Prints |

| |support the substance. |and Photographs Division |uffrg:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c19343)) |

| |Sojourner Truth. |[reproduction number, e.g., | |

| | |LC-USZ62-119343 DLC] | |

|[pic] |Photograph of a painting. |Library of Congress, Prints |

| | |and Photographs Division |resp:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a18453)) |

| | |[reproduction number, e.g., | |

| | |LC-USZ62-16225 DLC] | |

|[pic] |Letter concerning the |Library of Congress |

| |emancipation of her children |Manuscript Division |4/0413001r.jpg |

| |and her son's Civil War |Washington, D.C. 20540 | |

| |service. | | |

|[pic] |Map showing the distribution |Library of Congress, |

| |of the slave population of |Geography and Map Division |md:@field(NUMBER+@band(g3861e+cw0013200)) |

| |the southern states of the | | |

| |United States. Compiled from | | |

| |the census of 1860 Drawn by | | |

| |E. Hergesheimer. Engr. by Th.| | |

| |Leonhardt. | | |

|[pic] |Thirty-first anniversary of |Library of Congress, Rare |

| |the American Anti-Slavery |Book and Special Collections |mss:@field(DOCID+@lit(as113680)) |

| |Society, at the Church of the|Division, America Singing: | |

| |Puritans, Tuesday, May 10th. |Nineteenth-Century Song | |

| |1864. Anti-Slavery Printing |Sheets | |

| |Office, 21 Spruce St., 2d. | | |

| |floor. [n. d.] | | |

|[pic] |Anti-slavery fair! The |Library of Congress, Rare |

| |Abington anti-slavery fair |Book and Special Collections |bpebib:@field(NUMBER+@band(rbpe+06203500)) |

| |will commence on Monday |Division | |

| |evening, Nov. 9th, at Union | | |

| |Hall, North Abington ... | | |

| |Abington, Nov. 6, 1857. | | |

| |Abington. Standard Press, | | |

| |Vaughan's Building, Centre | | |

| |Avenue. | | |

Handouts

Back to Navigation Bar

|Confirm |Surprise |

|Explain how the artifact confirmed what you already knew about |Explain why you were surprised to see this artifact in a box |

|this person. |about the person. |

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|1. |1. |

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|2. |2. |

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|3. |3. |

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|Question |Add |

|Write questions you have about the person’s life and/or the |Identify artifacts that could be added to the box to improve the|

|artifacts. |description of this person’s life. Explain why the item should |

| |be added on another piece of paper. |

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| |1. |

|1. | |

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| |2. |

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| |3. |

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Probable Passage

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Key Items:

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Map

Photograph of Sojourner Truth

Photograph of Sojourner Truth with Abraham Lincoln

Letter

Song Lyrics

Anti-Slavery Fair Advertisement

After viewing the primary resources above, write a paragraph describing what you think Sojourner Truth’s life was like.

Be prepared to share these with the class.

Something Upstairs – Avi

Here is a list of possible topics for you to explore.

Have fun!

• Providence, Rhode Island

• Slavery

• Ghosts

• U.S. Constitution

• Early 19th century

• Attics

• Genealogy

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|Image/Primary Source |Description |Citation |URL |

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Song List

| |The spirit of 1861. C. S. A. [n. p.] [n. d.] |America Singing |

|2. |The spirit of 1861. C. S. A.[n. p.] [n. d.] |America Singing |

|3. |The spirit of 1861. [n. p.] [n. d.] |America Singing |

|4. |Poor old slave. 1851 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|5. |Slaves consolation; I'll neber hoe de cotton any more. 1862 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|6. |The old Union wagon / by John Hogarth Lozier. |Lincoln Sheet Music |

|7. |The slaves' dream. Andrews', Printer, 38 Chatham St., N.Y. [n. d.] |America Singing |

|8. |Darky Sam song & chorus / |African-American Sheet Music |

|9. |The savior of our country / [lyrics] by O. Wheelock ; [music by James W. Porter]. |Lincoln Sheet Music |

|10. |Contraband schottische. 1861 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|11. |The female slaves lament / |Sheet Music |

|12. |August 1st, 185. Tune-"Scot's wa'hae." Printed for and sold by R. Allen, No. 533 Lombard Street., |America Singing |

| |Philadelphia. [n. d.] | |

|13. |Beneath the weeping willow, or, The slaves lament / |Sheet Music |

|14. |Beneath the weeping willow, or, The slaves lament / |Sheet Music |

|15. |Farewell to the star spangled banner. 186- |Historic American Sheet Music |

|16. |Down at Jasper Johnson's jamboree. 1914 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|17. |Poor Charlie; Old slave who ran away & was carried back to his master. 1855 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|18. |The female slaves lament / |Sheet Music |

|19. |Spirit rappings. 1853 |Historic American Sheet Music |

|20. |Make my grave in the lowlands low; Negro slaves lament. 1867 |Historic American Sheet |

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