DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, and Mutation ...



Biology

DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, and Mutation

[pic]Cystic Fibrosis Gene: When both copies of this gene are mutant, individuals have lung and kidney problems.

1. You will be able to write DNA sequence for the complementary strand.

2. You will use the complementary strand to write the mRNA.

3. You will be able to write the protein sequence.

A. Normal Gene (a small portion only)

5'- ATG ATT AAA GAA AAT ATC ATC TTT GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT - 3'

1.

2.

3.

B. Known Mutant Gene (Deletion)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA AAT ATC ATC --- GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT - 3'

1.

2.

3.

C. Hypothetical Mutant Gene 1 (Substitution)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA AAA ATC ATC TTT GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT- 3'

1.

2.

3.

D. Hypothetical Mutant Gene 2 (Frameshift)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA CAA TAT CAT CTT TGG TGT TTC CTA TGA T - 3'

1.

2.

3.

Mutation - a change in the DNA

Point mutations - when a single nitrogen base is deleted, inserted or substituted.

Frameshift Mutation- when many amino acids coded for are different because of an insertion or deletion.

The following example shows how these 3 kinds of mutations work.  Fill out the mRNA and protein for each and compare the mutations to the original.  The mutation is underlined.

Original DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  A C G  A T G  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA

  Protein

Mutation 1 DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  A C G  A T C  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA

  Protein

Type of Mutation:

Mutation 2 DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  T C G  A T G  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA

  Protein  

Type of Mutation:

Mutation 3 DNA   T A C  G C G  C T G  C A C  G A T  G C A  G T A  G T A  C

  mRNA

  Protein

Type of Mutation: 

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