The Roman Republic



Name/Period: ______________________

The Roman Republic- (Station 5)

NO MORE KING!! After a 16-year battle with their last king, Tarquin the Proud, the people of Rome vowed never to be ruled by a king again. The people wanted to be ruled by elected leaders. They wanted to vote on any laws suggested. They wanted to vote on who would rule over them each year.

In 509 BCE, over 2500 years ago, the citizens of Rome created a new government. They called it THE ROMAN REPUBLIC. 

Who did not have rights? Although many things changed, and much improved, women, children, and slaves were still not citizens of Rome. They had no voice in government. Only adult free Roman men were citizens.

What is a Republic? A Republic is a system of government in which people can vote on who will rule them. In Rome, there were several types of leaders.

The Republic was broken into several branches that held various powers. This included:

3 Branches of Early Roman Government

|2 Consuls |Senate |Assembly |

|Oversaw the work of other government |Held office for life |Voted on laws suggested by government |

|officials | |officials |

|Acted as judges |Were advisors to the consuls and other |Could declare war or make peace treaties |

| |govt. officials | |

|Directed the army in Wartime |Could approve or disapprove laws passed by |Elected the 2 Consuls |

| |Assembly | |

|Elected for 1 year term |Decided how money should spent |Elected government officials |

|Both consuls had to agree before the |Made decisions concerning relations with |Made up of Patricians and Plebeians |

|government could take action |foreign countries | |

|In an emergency, Consuls could choose a |Had influence over the consuls and army |Largest Branch |

|“Dictator” to make quick decisions | | |

|They chose the Senators |Made up of Patricians | |

Questions about branches:

Chart Analysis Questions- Review the chart to answer the questions below.

1. These people suggested laws for the Roman Republic. __________________

2. This group elected the 2 Consuls? _____________________

3. Which 2 branches of govt. had a part in making laws? _______________________________

4. Which branch controlled the spending of $? ________________________

5. Which branch would decide whether or not Rome should go to war with another country? _____________________________

Answer all questions thoroughly.

1. Before 509 B.C., a king ruled Rome. Then, the city established the Roman Republic with power divided among 3 branches of government. Why do you think the Romans wanted to govern themselves in this way?

2. Which branch of government—Consuls, Senate, or Assembly—had the most power? Explain your answer.

3. In what 2 ways was the power of the 2 Consuls limited?

Roman Laws- The Republic was governed by the three branches and run by a series of laws. The laws were known as the Twelve Tables These laws talked about property, crime, family, theft, marriage and inheritance. These laws were written down. They were engraved on tablets of metal and put on display at the Forum in the city of Rome, so that everyone could see them.

The Twelve Tables represented different categories of laws such as land laws, debts, rules for the courts, public law, rights of fathers, family laws, etc.

Examples of some of the Twelve Table Laws:

1. If you are called to go to court, you must go. If you don’t show up, you can be taken to court by force.

 

2. If you need a witness to testify and he will not show up, you can go once every three days and shout in front of his house.

3. Should a tree on a neighbor's farm be bent crooked by the wind and lean over your farm, you may take legal action for removal of that tree. If it's your tree, it’s your fruit, even if it falls on another man’s land.  

4. A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness (lying) shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian Rock.

5. No person shall hold meetings by night in the city.

6. A dead man shall not be buried or burned within the city.

7. Marriages should not take place between plebeians (ordinary people) and patricians (people with money and power). (As time went on, this law was changed. When the tables were first written, this was the law.)

8. A dreadfully deformed child shall be killed

9. Females shall remain in guardianship, even when they have attained their majority. (Women will always be under the power and word of men)

Examine the 12 Table Laws to answer the questions below:

1. What are your first thoughts after reviewing these laws? Do they seem fair to you? Do any stick out? Why?

2. Categorize the laws into the following categories- you can just put the law number

|Land Laws |Public Laws |Court Laws |Family Laws |

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3. Based on these laws, what can you infer or determine about Roman Society?

Writing Prompt- Using the sources provided last class and today, select three aspects of Roman society to discuss. Pick one of the prompts below to discuss in your paper: Remember, you must select three different topics (stations) to talk about in your response. Your response should follow the writing skills we have learned about this year, including quote sandwiches whenever you use a quote from the text. For citing your text it is ok to simply put (Station 2) as your citation.

Quote Sandwiches Review

Step One: Introduce your quote with context. You can use introductory statements like:

One example is seen when, (insert author’s name) states … An article titled (insert name) suggests…

Document Three, a primary source by (insert name) says… In (article/text title), the author states…

Step Two: Use your quote- you only need to use the parts of the quote that support your idea- this is included in the same sentence as your introduction.

Step Three: Analyze the quote and explain what it means. You can use analysis statements like:

This shows that… It is clear that… This demonstrates…

This illustrates… This statement exemplifies that… The quote proves…

The author suggests in this statement… The author’s point of view is…

Prompt 1: Using the sources given over the past two days, explain 3 achievements of Rome that made them stand out as an advanced civilization.

Prompt 2: Using the sources given over the past two days, describe 3 values the Romans had and explain how each value was shown through the lives of the Romans.

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Writing Prompt Rubric

| |10 |8 |7 |5 |3 |

|Historical Analysis |Inclusion of Evidence: |Inclusion of Evidence: |Inclusion of Evidence: |Inclusion of Evidence: |Inclusion of Evidence: |

| |Justifies claims using |Justifies claims using |Attempt to justify claim |Justifies claims using |Justifies claims without|

| |specific, detailed and |appropriate specific |using some appropriate |generalizations or limited |the use of direct |

| |varied evidence from a |evidence from a variety of |evidence. Majority of |appropriate direct |evidence. |

| |variety of reliable |reliable sources. |evidence used is |evidence. | |

| |sources. | |indirect, and only | | |

| | | |partially supports claim.| | |

| |Interpretation: |Interpretation: |Interpretation: |Interpretation: |Interpretation: |

| |Correctly identifies the|Correctly identifies the |Attempts to identify the |Attempts to determine the |Misinterprets the |

| |type historical source; |type historical source; |type historical source; |historical setting of |historical setting of |

| |Applies prior and new |Applies new knowledge to |Applies limited knowledge|sources without fully |sources AND does not |

| |knowledge to determine |determine the validity and |to determine the validity|understanding the |correctly interpret the |

| |the validity and |correctly interprets the |and correctly interprets |historical context OR does |source to support the |

| |correctly interprets the|source to support claim. |the source to support |not correctly interpret the|claim. |

| |source to support claim.| |claim. |source to support the | |

| | | | |claim. | |

| |Organization and |Organization and Clarity: |Organization and Clarity:|Organization and Clarity: |Organization and |

| |Clarity: |Student could improve on |Student uses mostly clear|Student frequently uses |Clarity: |

| |Final paper is clear and|technique but writing |writing but mistakes do |unclear and incoherent |Paper shows little |

| |coherent and the style |structure does not distract|detract from the overall |language, style is not |thought towards |

| |in which the audience is|from content of the paper |focus of the paper |appropriate for audience of|organization, structure |

| |addressed is effective | | |paper |and style is not |

| | | | | |appropriate |

| | |

| |__________/ 30 points Minor Assessment Grade |

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