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Education and development the issues and the evidence Education Research Paper No. 06, 1993, 61 p.

Table of Contents EDUCATION RESEARCH Keith M. Lewin Centre for International Education University of Sussex July 1993 (Reprinted July 1997) Serial No. 6 ISBN: 0 902500 66 X Department For International Development

Table of Contents

Department for International Development - Education papers Preamble 1. Education and development - Defining the issues

1.1 Context 1.2 Recession, debt and structural adjustment 1.3 Population growth and demographic change.

1.3.1 Population growth 1.3.2 Fertility and health 1.3.3 Increasing HIV infection 1.3.4 Urbanisation 1.3.5 Displaced populations and refugees

1.4 Scientific and technological change 1.5 Environmental degradation 1.6 Good government and human rights. 1.7 The education of girls and women

2. An analysis of research evidence on education and development

2.1 Education and economic development

2.1.2 Education and productivity 2.1.3 Educational investment and externalities 2.1.4 Education, equity and income distribution 2.1.5 Concluding remark

2.2 School achievement, the IEA data and effective schools studies

2.2.1 School achievement studies 2.2.2 Recent methodological developments 2.2.3 Some results from the IEA science studies 2.2.4 A note on the effective schools literature

2.3 Technical and vocational education

2.3.1 Rationales 2.3.2 Approaches 2.3.3 Purposes 2.3.4 Cost effectiveness

2.3.5 Some conclusions

2.4 The balance of investment between educational levels 2.5 Private expenditures and cost recovery

2.5.1 Private financing 2.5.2 Cost recovery and user fees 2.5.3 Loans 2.5.4 Some conclusions

2.6 Organisational reforms, assessment and alternative delivery systems

2.6.1 Organisational issues 2.6.2 Achievement and automatic promotion 2.6.3 Assessment and examinations 2.6.4 Alternative delivery strategies

2.7 Literacy

2.7.1 Definitional issues 2.7.2 Literacy and development 2.7.3 Literacy and language 2.7.4 Strategies to promote literacy 2.7.5 Concluding remarks.

3. Postscript

4. Bibliography

Appendix extracts from synthetic reviews

A. Summary: school factors and achievement in the developing world B: General education and development research review

Education and development the issues and the evidence - Education Research Paper No. 06, 1993, 61 p.

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Department for International Development - Education papers

This is one of a series of Education Papers issued from time to time by the Education Division of the Department for International Development. Each paper represents a study or piece of commissioned research on some aspect of education and training in developing countries. Most of the studies were undertaken in order to provide informed judgements from which policy decisions could be drawn, but in each case it has become apparent that the material produced would be of interest to a wider audience, particularly but not exclusively those whose work focuses on developing countries.

Each paper is numbered serially, and further copies can be obtained through the DFID's Education Division, 94 Victoria Street, London SW1E 5JL, subject to availability. A full list appears overleaf.

Although these papers are issued by the DFID, the views expressed in them are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the DFID's own policies or views. Any discussion of their content should therefore be addressed to the authors and not to the DFID.

List of other DFID education papers available in this series

No. 1 Pennycuick, D. 1993 'SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH EVIDENCE' ISBN: 0 902500 61 9

No. 2 Hough, J.R. 1993 'EDUCATIONAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS' ISBN: 0 902500 62 7

No. 3 Gray, L. et al 1993 'REDUCING THE COST OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION' ISBN: 0 902500 63 5

No. 4 Williams, E. 1993 'REPORT ON READING ENGLISH IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN MALAWI' ISBN: 0 902500 64 3

No. 5 Williams, E. 1993 'REPORT ON READING ENGLISH IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN ZAMBIA' ISBN: 0 902500 65 1

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