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2020-2021 RESEARCH ASSISTANT PROGRAMPROJECT DESCRIPTIONSProject Title: Religion and Public Health during the 2020 PandemicMentor Name: Dr. Danielle N. BoazPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Africana StudiesProject Description:Reports from around the world suggest that government responses to religious communities during the 2020 pandemic have varied greatly. Some nations have demonized and prosecuted religious leaders and institutions who were known to have spread the novel coronavirus. Others have fought for religious organizations to be declared essential services who could continue to operate during the pandemic. Religious leaders have likewise varied in their responses to states of emergency and stay-at-home orders. Many have urged their communities to quarantine and have developed new methods of worship such as virtual or physically distant services. Others have denounced government restrictions on religious gatherings, claiming that faith will save their congregants from infection. Among these, some continued to hold services in defiance of official regulations and others organized protests of stay-at-home orders. This project will explore government responses to religious gatherings during the 2020 pandemic as well as religious communities’ reactions to government restrictions on in-person worship.The undergraduate research assistant would identify and collect materials about controversies regarding religion and public health in 2020 from around the globe. Examples include: 1) laws and executive orders where governors, presidents, and legislators set limitations on public gatherings and/or defined essential services, 2) public health decrees related to religious congregations, 3) arrest and prosecution records for cases against religious leaders who held services in violation of public health-related orders, 4) official statements issued by religious leaders or organizations about the pandemic and 5) court cases where religious institutions contested restrictions on gatherings. The research assistant would summarize the cases and controversies, as well as assist in developing digital methods to analyze and publish the materials collected. Minimum Qualifications: I will train the research assistant in the basic legal research methods needed to complete this project; however, students who have taken legal studies courses and/or who have experience with legal research will be preferredAny of the following qualifications are desired but not required:-Ability to read in a foreign language-Web design experience-Students who have an interest in religious studies-Students who have an interest in global studies-Students who have an interest in human rights Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Understanding the Food System, Challenges and Inequities under COVID-19Mentor Name: Dr. Nicole PetersonPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ AnthropologyProject Description:Student researcher would assist with the 2020 State of the Plate food systemassessment, including phone or web-based surveys of food-related organizations, interviews with food system participants or policymakers, and analysis of this data. The research assistant would be trained to collect and analyze the survey and interview data, and would also help with the logistics ofdata collection and analysis. This project is being coordinated by the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Food Policy Council, in collaboration with other organizations around Charlotte. Data collection has started in Summer 2020, and will continue through the fall with analysis in the Spring.Minimum Qualifications: Methods coursework preferred but not necessaryResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: The Studio @ CTIMentor Name: Dr. Jose GamezPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Arts and Architecture/ ArchitectureProject Description:The Studio @ CTI will lay the foundation for a multi-year partnership with the NGO One Eleuthera Foundation and its Center of Training and Innovation (CTI), UNC Charlotte’s College of Arts and Architecture and the School of Architecture, the University of the Bahamas Department of Architecture and Technology and its Department of Visual Arts, Florida A&M’s School of Architecture and Engineering Technology (FAMU), and Michael Singer Studio who will serve as design consultants. CTI engages young professionals to advance existing skills and to improve the social well-being of the residents of Eleuthera Island in the Bahamas. Building upon CTI’s efforts, this research initiative will anchor a year-long collaboration called “The Studio @ CTI”, which will focus on research leading to the construction of off-grid housing prototypes that can serve as both short-term shelters (such as vacation rentals, which enhance local economies) and as emergency housing for local populations (fostering post-disaster island resilience). An undergraduate student would play a key role in coordinating efforts between CTI, UNCC and UB as well as helping contribute the development and documentation of research materials and prototypes.Minimum Qualifications: Basic Research Skills, interest in sustainability, computer literacy and (ideally) CAD skills, and an interest and/or experience in architecture, construction techniques, environmental systems or engineering.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Innate Immunity of a Model Sea AnemoneMentor Name: Dr. Adam ReitzelPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:All animals defend themselves from pathogens through a combination of molecular mechanisms collectively referred to as "innate immunity". These mechanisms of innate immunity remain poorly characterized in most species, which limits our ability to understand how these diverse pathways evolved and how they may be used by particular species when they encounter bacterial or viral pathogens. This project will combine database analyses with lab experiments (when possible) to characterize the mechanisms of innate immunity in a cnidarian, the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. The undergraduate student will collaborate with Dr. Reitzel and members of the Reitzel lab to identify conserved genes in the sea anemone that are commonly involved innate immunity of insects and vertebrates. Furthermore, the student will learn techniques to measure gene and protein expression for anemones experiencing a pathogen.Minimum Qualifications: No specific qualifications are needed but if the student has previous experience with basic data organization )e.g., Excel) and laboratory skills (e.g., pipetting, electrophoresis) they would be pluses.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Understanding Hsp70 dimerizationMentor Name: Dr. Andrew TrumanPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:Hsp70 is a universally conserved molecular chaperone that is required for folding of unstable proteins in cancer cells. Recent studies have suggested that Hsp70 may self-associate (dimerize), although the function of Hsp70 dimerization is not clear. For this project, we will analyze the role of Hsp70 dimerization in the model organism budding yeast. Given the fundamental nature of Hsp70 and its role in many human diseases, understanding Hsp70 dimerization may eventually lead to novel therapeutics for both cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Excitingly, the student will conduct independent research using a variety of state of the art techniques including CRISPR and mass spectrometry, as well as using bacterial, yeast and cancer cell systems.Minimum Qualifications: Expertise in experiments involving yeast cellsResearch Period: Fall 2020 onlyProject Title: Discovery Genomics to Identify Regulators of Cell Proliferation in Human DiseaseMentor Name: Dr. Kausik ChakrabartiPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:The fundamental abnormality resulting in the development of cancer is the continual unregulated proliferation of cancer cells. At the same time, many clinically important human pathogens rely on sustained cell proliferation for chronic infection. At the heart of cell proliferation is the dynamic interplay between proteins and RNA molecules, especially mRNAs, which can regulate the translation machinery and thus affect translation rates for proteins that govern cellular proliferation and many proliferative disease processes in the cells. For this purpose, we investigate genome-wide RNA-protein interactions using cutting edge technologies like, like High-throughput nex-gen sequencing , HITS-CLIP, Immunoprecipitation, Fluorescence imaging and Mass Spectrometry to identify critical players in cell proliferation that can play important regulatory roles in human diseases. Minimum Qualifications: Selected applicant will assist with conducting experiments in molecular and cellular biology. Minimum student qualifications include basic molecular biology lab techniques such as DNA/RNA isolation, PCR, Gel electrophoresis, mixing solutions, keeping detailed records of experimental data in the notebook and basic computer skills with microsoft word, excel and powerpoints. Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Linking Community and Food-web Approaches to RestorationMentor Name: Dr. Paola López-DuartePosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:The ultimate objective of our larger research project (restorefoodweb.lumcon.edu) is to guide future marsh restoration efforts by integrating community and food-web approaches into management and planning. One of the project goals is to examine species composition, relative abundances, and food web structure across different-aged created marshes that are influenced by a river diversion. Our study sites are natural and created marshes in southeast Louisiana located along a salinity gradient from a Mississippi River siphon at West Pointe à la Hache. Sampling efforts for this project are scheduled annually in May and include collections of nekton (fish, shrimp, crabs) and macroinvertebrates (e.g., small crustaceans, polychaete worms, insects, spiders). Students at UNCC working on this project will take advantage of these existing collections to learn about different research and data analysis methods. In the lab, students will process macroinvertebrates (e.g., small crustaceans, polychaete worms, insects, spiders) samples. This will involve sorting sampled under a microscope, identifying, and cataloging different species. Students can also work remotely identifying samples using our online catalog, entering, and analyzing data. Students will learn different statistical tests to compare species abundance, composition and biodiversity indices across different sites. Because this project includes laboratory and computer tasks, student participation can be completed remotely, on campus, or as a hybrid.Minimum Qualifications: Students who have completed Ecology/Field Ecology and Statistical courses are encouraged to apply. Knowledge of aquarium care, microscope use, and image analysis software is desired. Training on different field and laboratory protocols, use of instruments, as well as image and statistical analysis software will be provided in the first weeks of the program.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Understanding Mutations that Promote Epithelial Ovarian CancerMentor Name: Dr. Christine RichardsonPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:Student will assist with growing and maintaining cells in culture, using CRISPR system to generate mutations of individual genes in cells and validating mutations by PCR. Student will perform cell counts and assays that determine cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration in mutated cells. Student will be trained and supervised by a graduate student and/or faculty memberMinimum Qualifications: Student needs to have completed either Genetics or Cell Biology earning a C or better. Student needs to be an excellent record keeper/note takerResearch Period: Spring 2021 onlyProject Title: Mechanistic Studies of APOBEC3 in Genome Integrity and Cancer BiologyMentor Name: Dr. Shan YanPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:Cells of all organisms are challenged constantly by environmental agents or spontaneous DNA decay during normal metabolism. The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is one of the most frequent sources of DNA damage, generating approximately 10,000 oxidative DNA damage per cell per day. If left unrepaired in a timely fashion, oxidative DNA damage may compromise DNA replication and transcription programs or may be converted into potentially lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), therefore representing a serious challenge to genomic integrity. In response to oxidative DNA damage, the base excision repair (BER) pathway is activated to repair the damage, thereby maintaining genome stability (Yan, et al., 2014, Cell Mol Life Sci, 71 (20): 3951-3967, 2014). However, it remains less understood how the oxidative DNA damage is sensed and signaled for checkpoint response. AP Endonucleases including APE1 and APE2 are critical enzymes implicated in the BER pathway. Graduate student Jeremy Willis and undergraduate honors students Yogin Patel and Barry Lentz from the Yan laboratory have demonstrated that APE2 is required for the ATR-Chk1 checkpoint signaling (Willis, et al., 2013, PNAS, 110:10592-10597, 2013). We further demonstrated that APE2 Zf-GRF domain associates with ssDNA to promote the 3’-5’ end resection of oxidative DNA damage for checkpoint signaling (Wallace et al., 2017, PNAS, 114 (2): 304-309). With the ongoing project, we plan to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of how APOBEC3 regulates DNA damage and repair and contributes to mutagenesis in oxidative stress. We will also investigate how APOBEC3 leads to cancer development. The anticipated findings from this research project will help to provide new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies. Undergraduate students working in the Yan lab won the prestigious Barry Goldwater Scholarship and ANSWER Scholarship in 2017. More information can be found from the lab website @ Qualifications: Biol 2130 (or equivalent course) C or above. Prior research in the area of molecular and cell biology is preferred.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Inflammation and CancerMentor Name: Dr. Didier DreauPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Biological SciencesProject Description:[NOTE: Depending on the situation, the proposed research can be conducted 100% remotely OR (preferred) as Hybrid (i.e, w/ some presence on campus for hand-on experiments).The overall goal of the research is to assess the potential of inflammation triggered by innate immune responses mechanisms in cancer. Additionally, whether approaches that alter such responses alone or in combination with currently treatment will prevent inflammation and tumor progression will be determined. In a remote option, the UG student will interact at least twice weekly with the Faculty (i.e., analyze and review data collected in the lab.), deepens the topic background, present research. In the hybrid option, the student will participate and perform in biochemical and cellular assays in addition to the tasks/contributions described for the remote only option.Minimum Qualifications: Completion of BIOL2120 and BIOL2130 (B or better); enrolled or completion of BIOL3111 a plus; some computer skills including knowledge of Office suite preferred.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Detection of Offensive Language in Social MediaMentor Name: Dr. Lina ZhouPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Business/ Business Information Systems and Operations ManagementProject Description:The main focus of the proposed work is to design and develop an effective method for automatic detection of offensive language in social media content to mitigate its negative impact on others. An undergraduate student can help with collection and labeling of social media content that involves offensive language, and assist researchers to develop a machine learning model for automatic detection of such social media content.Minimum Qualifications: Familiar with social media language; is a native English speaker; interested in social media analyticsResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Zoom-tastic? Are Virtual Seminars Better than In-person Seminars?Mentor Name: Dr. Scott R. GartlanPosition: Executive DirectorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Charlotte Teachers InstituteProject Description: The theme of this research project is understanding teachers' and professors' experiences in virtual learning. CTI seminars went completely virtual in March 2020 and will continue through 2020 operating in a virtual fashion. This means that the weekly seminars meetings with CMS teachers led by UNC Charlotte and Johnson C. Smith University professors will be conducted using Zoom, Google Meet, or another virtual conferencing platform, as well as Canvas and Google Drive for content management. This is a tremendous opportunity to examine PK-12 teachers' experiences not only receiving content-rich professional development in a virtual setting, but also explore the process for developing new curricula for PK-12 students to be delivered in a virtual setting also. This total immersion in virtual learning with professors, teachers, and students presents a research question: Is virtual learning effective? What from pre-COVID is convertible to the virtual space? What needs to be created new? How have CTI seminars provided support to innovate in the virtual space? Examining historical data, how do results from the virtual seminars compare to previous years' outcome data? This project will span the full academic year, 2020-2021. The undergraduate student will support this research project in a variety of ways, including interviewing teachers and professors about their experiences, creating and implementing surveys of participants about their experiences, analyzing historical data to compare with virtual experience, and writing up these results in research posters, abstract summaries, and full research papers (if desired). This project can be 100% virtual or can move a hybrid format too.Minimum Qualifications: Passion for doing research is really important. I can support a variety of existing skill sets. Students can be trained on any data analytic software that they might need to use. Curiosity is also very important. In addition, critical thinking is a useful skill to have and will be used often in this experience.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Conditional Activation of Immunological Responses with Nucleic Acid NanoparticlesMentor Name: Dr. Kirill AfoninPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ ChemistryProject Description:This exciting pilot study will result in the development of a data-driven nucleic acid nanoparticle-based platform that encodes a supplemental molecular language that permits communication with the human immune system and the controlled generation of protective immune responses by uniting the following three breakthroughs made by the Afonin group: (1) non-functionalized NANPs can by themselves regulate desirable immune responses, (2) the controlled induction of therapeutic effects in human cancer cells can be achieved through the intracellular interaction of functionally-interdependent NANPs, and (3) the delivery of functional NANPs in vivo can be promoted with lipid-based carriers.Minimum Qualifications: Experience in working with nucleic acids, PCR, transcription, RNA and DNA purification, gel electrophoresis, nucleic acid nanoparticles assembly and characterizationResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: New Silver Complexes with Potential Anticancer ActivityMentor Name: Dr. Dan RabinovichPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ ChemistryProject Description:The project involves the preparation of compounds derived from silver ions and organic molecules containing sulfur or selenium donor groups. The characterization of the new compounds will use several analytical and spectroscopic methods, thereby providing a challenging but rewarding learning experience for the participating student. Ideally I would like to pair the FWS student with a current member of my research group, which could be a graduate (M.S.) or an undergraduate student, possibly one of the two CRS students I am advising (remotely only) this summer. For the academic year 2020-21, I expect that at least some of the work will be experimental, i.e., the student will need to be physically present in the lab at least 3-4 hours per week, but I selected "hybrid" above because data analysis, literature searches, writing, and oral presentations can all be performed remotely. The project also involves learning how to use the Cambridge Structural Database and ChemDraw (the standard software used to draw chemical structures), and accessing and reading the primary literature (and requesting references through Interlibrary Loan, if necessary). I look forward to the day when undergraduate and high school students (a few of which intern in my lab every summer) are allowed back on campus to participate in research activities!Minimum Qualifications: Laboratory skills: one semester of General Chemistry (CHEM 1251) or equivalent would be good enough; basic knowledge of Word and PowerPoint is expected. No prior research experience is necessary, only the willingness to develop good work ethic, be committed to the project, and making a concerted effort to refine oral and written communication skills.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Using Genetics to Disarm SalmonellaMentor Name: Dr. Colleen EadePosition: Research Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ ChemistryProject Description:Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of food poisoning. Once ingested, this bacterium makes the host ill by attacking and invading the cells of the gut. This project will find new ways to halt that attack, thus disarming Salmonella.You will use bacterial genetics to find new ways to stop Salmonella. You will be taught how to culture bacteria, make bacterial mutants, and perform genetic screens. This will require both laboratory and computer work. You will gain experience in the fundamentals of microbiology, molecular biology, and biochemistry.Minimum Qualifications: Preferred experience in culturing bacteria and pipetting.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Frost Heave Mitigation with Engineered Water RepellencyMentor Name: Dr. John DanielsPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Engineering/ Civil and Environmental EngineeringProject Description:The student would support an NSF-funded project: on their background, duties could include literature review, laboratory testing of soils & water repellent additives, and computer modeling. I would integrate the student with my team, which currently includes a PhD student and a research assistant professor. With undergraduate researchers, I craft a scope that matches their abilities, but also satisfies a specific component of the existing project.Minimum Qualifications: Ideally this would be a civil engineering student at any level. That said, I could work with Geography and Earth Science/Environmental Science students, as well as other engineering majors. I can adjust the scope according to the skill.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Broadening Participation in CS: An exploration of equity amid the pandemicMentor Name: Dr. Audrey RorrerPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Computing and Informatics/ Computer ScienceProject Description:I currently have 3 pending NSF proposals to investigate inequity in CS education, relating to digital learning and the effects from the pandemic. Should any one of these become funded , the student will be allowed to choose which project appeals most, and will also have options from my currently funded projects. The current plan for the student is to begin with a current literature review of the impact of covid on access to education and CS education specifically. By mid-fall, the student will construct research questions of interest to him/her/them within the framework of my existing (and maybe new) projects. The current project menu is STARS BPC Research (a CS service learning institution that is measuring impact in K12 across the country), a regional Research Practice Partnership with middle schools to integrate CS into the existing curriculum, and a college wide examination of teaching practices and their impact on academic outcomes. With any project the student selects, I will guide them through literature, devising research questions, designing a research plan, human subjects ethics and IRB, collecting and analyzing data (qualitative and/or quantitative). All of my projects are fully virtual, having spent the last semester digitizing all procedures.Minimum Qualifications: I will teach the research and analysis skills. Required skills include a strong work ethic, ability to work independently and problem solve, advanced knowledge of excel. A plus: curiosity and interest in computer science education.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Deep Reinforcement Learning DebuggerMentor Name: Dr. Minwoo Jake LeePosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Computing and Informatics/ Computer ScienceProject Description:Debugging learning-based adaptive systems is far to reach but is required to build a trustworthy AI systems. The UG participant will develop auxiliary tools and GUI for the debugger to be released.Minimum Qualifications: Familiar to python and interface programming. Preferred to have knowledge in machine learning.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Bringing Real-World Data and Applications into Early CS Courses to Improve Student Engagement and RetentionMentor Name: Dr. Kalpathi SubramanianPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Computing and Informatics/ Computer ScienceProject Description:This project will contribute to an ongoing effort to build new highly engaging real-world programming assignments spanning introductory courses in computer science at the freshmen and sophomore levels. The goal is to build assignments that clearly illustrate the relevance and potential of computing to incoming majors in computer science, spanning current problems/topics in social, cultural, scientific and other domains. The undergraduate student will work on building interfaces to external datasets that can demonstrate relevance of core computer science concepts (algorithms, data structures) to real-world problems and applications. The work will contribute to an ongoing effort to build an assignment and data repository for use by Computer Science educators that will be publicly available.Minimum Qualifications: The undergraduate student should preferably have Junior standing and must have satisfactorily completed the courses in the first two years in Computer Science. Some knowledge of server side programming, Javascript and databases is preferable. More importantly, student should be strongly motivated to learn new languages, technologies and tools, complete tasks on time and be ready work with other members of the research group.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Toward Early Identification of Learning Bottlenecks for Undergraduate Students in Their CoursesMentor Name: Dr. Mohsen DorodchiPosition: Full Teaching ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Computing and Informatics/ Computer ScienceProject Description:Predictive analytics in learning and education can be used to detect students who are struggling in their courses early on (within first 4-8 weeks) to be able to help them finish their courses successfully.Minimum Qualifications: Junior or Senior Standing, Familiarity with Python and Web DevelopmentResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Coordinated Exploration with Teams of RobotsMentor Name: Dr. Srinivas AkellaPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Computing and Informatics/ Computer ScienceProject Description:In the Robotics Lab, we are developing algorithms and software for teams of robots (drones, mobile robots) to explore and inspect indoor and outdoor environments in a coordinated manner. Students will work on cutting edge research in robotics and learn about optimization and machine learning algorithms and ROS (robot operating system). Students will implement and evaluate algorithms, and potentially deploy the resulting software on real robots and to the cloud. Applications include inspection of critical infrastructure (e.g., power lines, roads), search and rescue (e.g., during fires), and post-disaster recovery (e.g., delivering supplies to stranded citizens).Minimum Qualifications: Coursework in Algorithms and Data Structures (ITSC 2214), Linear Algebra (MATH 2164) and Multivariable Calculus (MATH 1242). Experience in Computer Graphics will be a plus. Should be comfortable with programming in C++ and/or Python.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: A Case Study of Richard Rameriz: A Comparison to the Literature.Mentor Name: Dr. Charisse CostonPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Criminal Justice and CriminologyProject Description:This student would become immersed into the research literatures of serial murder and compare this literature to a case study of a serial murderer. The final project will be a journal article submitted to our research journal for undergraduates.Minimum Qualifications: The student should be familiar with WORD and be familiar with researching library databases.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Assessing Water Quality in Streams for Stormwater Control MeasuresMentor Name: Dr. Nicole BarclayPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Engineering/ Engineering Technology and Construction ManagementProject Description:The goal of the research project is to determine the water quality and hydrology characteristics of drainage channels to make recommendations for improvement with the use of relevant storm water control measures. The undergraduate student will assist me and/or a graduate student with collecting water quality samples and soil samples, and surveying small water channels from field sites (25 minutes away from campus). In addition the student will help with programming water quality monitor probes for set up and deployment in the field.Minimum Qualifications: Critical thinking, strong oral and written technical communication, proficient in Excel, detail oriented, handyResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Predicting Flood Damage During Extreme Rainfall Events for Emergency Decision SupportMentor Name: Dr. Nicole Barclay and Dr. Michael SmithPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Engineering/ Engineering Technology and Construction ManagementProject Description:Dr. Nicole Barclay (nbarclay@uncc.edu) and Dr. Michael Smith (michael.smith@uncc.edu) are jointly seeking to mentor a promising undergraduate researcher on their project that addresses mitigating the impacts of flooding events on infrastructure. We are developing a data-driven software tool that contributes to decision making in disaster response for extreme rainfall events that cause flooding and roadway washouts. To create the software tool, we are producing an accurate, high resolution surface terrain model (including channels, roadways, and infrastructure for bridges and culverts) of the selected study area (e.g., North Carolina) using QL2 LiDAR data sets. The resulting tool will be in the form of an interactive map to display the locations and levels of severity based on forecasted rain data input for the study area. The undergraduate student will contribute to this project by helping collect, process, and analyze the data sets (e.g., QL2 LiDAR). The student's duties will also include gathering and sorting relevant peer reviewed literature on the topic, collecting and analyzing data, writing summaries of their work, and collaboration with the research team through regular meetings, as directed. Dr. Nicole Barclay and Dr. Michael Smith both have experience mentoring undergraduate capstone/senior design teams every semester and graduate student researchers (e.g., masters and Ph.D. level).Minimum Qualifications: The student must be competent in Microsoft Excel, have strong communication skills, and demonstrate keen data organization skills. Additionally, as an alternative to Microsoft Excel, students with proficiency in software applications such as Matlab, Python, and ArcGIS would be considered. Training can be provided to students that are willing to learn.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: 19th C. Women in Science & TechnologyMentor Name: Dr. Alan RauchPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ EnglishProject Description:The fact the women in the 19th century were dismissed as intellectual contributors to culture, is now generally accepted. But what is less appreciated is what most women themselves knew and that is that they had been providing intellectual content to their own offspring for generations. At home, however, women were burdened with a feminine curriculum centered on "proper" female skills. Nevertheless "permissible" subjects included foreign languages and the sciences, which opened doors on other cultures and new genres. These female "mentors" translated new and unfamiliar worlds, in travel narratives, memoirs, and in science texts to educate eager young minds. Many of these women began their careers as translators of "foreign" texts into English, but they also acted as "conceptual" translators of complex ideas in science and culture. Despite obstacles, women found outlets for "translating" their own intellect by applying themselves to genres which had been deemed "acceptable" in a cultural milieu dominated by male authorship. The three genres that are most striking and most frequent are: 1.) translation; 2.) works for children; and, 3.) travel memoirs/narratives. Taken together, they all mediate the unfamiliar in ways that render new and unfamiliar content accessible. In short, they are all "translations."Minimum Qualifications: Students should have an interest in archival research to explore the as yet undiscovered or at least unexamined texts by women motivated to write about science. Given the time period, late 18th to mid-nineteenth centuries, student should be historically engaged as well. If a student has language skills, say in French or German that would be useful, but not required. Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Early Modern Book Trade Wills ProjectMentor Name: Dr. Kirk MelnikoffPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ EnglishProject Description:The Early Modern Book Trade Wills Project is working to identify and transcribe over 500 wills from men and women involved in the book trade between 1530 and 1690. Once finished, the project will have both a paper and online component. The student chosen to work on the project will be trained to transcribe early modern secretary hand, a form of handwriting routinely used in administrative documents in early modern England. He or she will then be responsible for transcribing wills and for creating and updating an Excel spreadsheet of transcribed wills.Minimum Qualifications: Students need to be interested in learning about the ins and outs of the early modern British book trade and in transcribing early modern wills. They also should be proficient writers, familiar with rules of English syntax, punctuation, and grammar.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Early Modern Book Trade Wills ProjectMentor Name: Dr. Kirk MelnikoffPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ EnglishProject Description:The Early Modern Book Trade Wills Project is working to identify and transcribe over 500 wills from men and women involved in the book trade between 1530 and 1690. Once finished, the project will have both a paper and online component. The student chosen to work on the project will be trained to transcribe early modern secretary hand, a form of handwriting routinely used in administrative documents in early modern England. He or she will then be responsible for transcribing wills and for creating and updating an Excel spreadsheet of transcribed wills.Minimum Qualifications: Students need to be interested in learning about the ins and outs of the early modern British book trade and in transcribing early modern wills. They also should be proficient writers, familiar with rules of English syntax, punctuation, and grammar.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Conceptualizing and quantifying the function of beaver dams and stormwater ponds on the hydrology and biogeochemistry of urban streamsMentor Name: Dr. Sandra ClintonPosition: Research Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Geography and Earth SciencesProject Description:Cities across the United States are struggling with issues of storm water and they are investing in green infrastructure, which is infrastructure on the land that can soak up and hold rainwater. One of these green infrastructure approaches is storm water ponds. However, across the southeastern U.S., beaver live in urban streams, and they build ponds, too. The first goal of this project is to compare how well beaver ponds store water during both dry and wet periods compared to storm water ponds. The second goal of this project is to evaluate if urban beaver ponds increase the storage of nutrients and sediments from water that passes through their dams. An undergraduate student would work in the field collecting water samples and downloading sensor data and in the lab processing those water samples.Minimum Qualifications: The student must be comfortable working in the field at multiple sites around Charlotte including during some rain events. The student should have an interest in earth and environmental science with a focus on water resources. Students who have taken first year chemistry and introduction to earth sciences are preferred but these classes are not required. Ability to use basic software (WORD, EXCEL) is required. Ideally I am looking for a student interested in potentially developing their work into a honors project or even in applying to the early entry MS program in Earth Sciences. Students from underrepresented group are highly encouraged to apply.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: 1848: The First Springtime of NationsMentor Name: Dr. Christine HaynesPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ HistoryProject Description:The goal of this project is an edited collection of documents on the revolutions of 1848, which swept most of the European continent and many other parts of the world, including the U.S., in that year. This collection, which I hope to publish with a press such as Bedford / St. Martin's, would be for teaching purposes. In addition to helping me to research potential documents for the collection, the student will be asked to in transcribe documents, research annotations of unfamiliar events/people/terms, locate (and seek permission for) illustrations, and survey secondary literature on these revolutions to help to draft an introduction for the collection. If time allows, the student will also help me with research for two original writing projects: one, a biography of Maximien Lamarque, who was a revolutionary and Napoleonic War general and later politician in France; and two, a study of the tour of French naturalist Andre Michaux through the Carolinas in the 1790s. This last project might involve some investigation of local libraries and archives, once they have safely re-opened.Minimum Qualifications: Strong research and communication skills, including typing. Some background in History (especially HIST 1121). Ideally, reading knowledge of at least one European language besides English, particularly French and/or Spanish (though other European languages would also be helpful).Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Strategies and Barriers for Remote Physical Education during COVID-19Mentor Name: Dr. David BellarPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ KinesiologyProject Description:During the Spring of 2020 and possibly into the Fall Physical Education teachers have had to adapt to remote learning environments with their students. The impact of the loss of PE on childrens physical activity is currently unknown, but generally PE is recognized by the CDC as an important component of children meeting their daily threshold for health. The project will survey PE teachers locally and nationally to determine strategies used and outcomes during the pandemic.Minimum Qualifications: Organized, General Computer SkillsResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Usage of Transgender Terms in the Spanish-speaking press. A Queer and Corpus Linguistics Study.Mentor Name: Dr. Javier García LeónPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Languages and Culture StudiesProject Description:Transgender representation is now an established area of research in interdisciplinary fields such as Queer Studies, Trans Studies, and Queer linguistics. However, there are few studies that explore transgender representation in Spanish-speaking newspapers in Latin America and Europe. Approaching this issue is important since the press plays a key role in shaping the societal impressions of non-conforming gender identities. To that end, news discourse could allow us to study the representation of (gender) ideologies, power relations, and cultural values through language. This research project aims to study the linguistic construction and representation of transgender people in multiple well-known Spanish-speaking newspapers. We will compile a corpus of online newspaper articles from Colombia and Spain collected within a time span that goes from January 1999 to June 2020. Following Queer Linguistics and Corpus-based Discourse Analysis, we will specifically analyze the newspapers’ linguistic choices when they refer to Colombian and Spanish trans people. After collecting the data (approx. 1 million words), the analysis will focus on the terms used to name transgender identities. For the analysis, we will use the WordSmith software which will allow us to search corpus data through Word List and Concordance tools. These tools will allow us to quantify the frequency of usage of specific words, terms or phrases in context and provide a ranking that can be used for comparison with other terms. By using this software, we will also be able to determine concordances and collocations of words used to refer to trans individuals in a wide range of contexts. The project aims to contribute to the fields of Trans Studies and Queer Linguistics by exploring the Spanish-speaking press using quantitative and qualitative research methods that are commonly used in corpus linguistics. The undergraduate research assistant will become an active member of the research team (in collaboration with Dr. Monica Rodríguez and a graduate student). The undergraduate student will search for news articles to be stored for data analysis and will support the research team with the literature review and data processing. In particular, the student will compile and archive news articles from multiple Colombian and Spanish online newspapers published over the last twenty years while locating current studies on transgender representation in research databases in Spanish and English. The skills that the graduate research assistants will develop while participating in the project are as follows:1. Collect and archive textual data originally written in Spanish in an organized and timely manner. 2. Search and download previous studies from online databases in Spanish and English.3. Upload and share data with the research team using online tools (Google Drive, Google Docs, etc.).4. Use Spanish in a real context by reading different newspaper articles. 5. Comprehend the research process of corpus studies from corpus compilation to data processing using qualitative as well as quantitative research methods.Minimum Qualifications: The student’s qualifications necessary for this project are:1. Proficiency to read in Spanish (intermediate or advanced level).2. Proficiency and experience with online tools such as Google Drive, Excel, PDF, and Google Docs. 3. Organizational skills to upload and archive data following specific guidelines.4. Interpersonal skills to clearly communicate with other members of the research team. 5. Writing skills, good time management skills, and the ability to work independently.6. Interest and/or previous experience in social issues involving gender and sexual minorities will be a plus. Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: A Comparison of Tea Culture and Trade Between US and ChinaMentor Name: Dr. Yongling GorkePosition: Professor of PracticeMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Languages and Culture StudiesProject Description:This project examines cultural elements (literature, music, food practice, etc) related to tea and tea trade in a comparative way between US and China. Students will conduct research on the cultural elements and tea trade using primarily English-medium sources. S/he will also be asked to write up the findings for future conference presentation. The primary duty of the student will be working with the faculty member, conduct research under the faculty's guidance and write up research findings. If the student is a Chinese-speaking one, s/he will be asked to do some translation from Chinese to English on some of the research published in Chinese.Minimum Qualifications: This student is expected to have excellent written communication skills and good command of research skills. S/he will be a self-initiator and open-minded to explore areas that s/he may not be familiar with. It would be very desired to have a Chinese-speaking student, but not required.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Freeform Optics - Evolution? No Revolution!!!Mentor Name: Dr. Konstantinos FalaggisPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Engineering/ MEESProject Description:Freeform Optics are expected to revolutionize an entire field of optics and will replace most of manufactured optics - ranging from reading glasses and side mirrors of cars to optical microscopes and optical components used in satellites. The challenge is that complex shaped surfaces have higher surface slopes and need to be measured with low uncertainty. This summer experience allows the selected student to gain research experience within an ongoing research project at UNCC that is funded through the Center of Freeform Optics (CEFO) CEFO projects are funded by the affiliate member companies as e.g. Nikon, Facebook Reality Lab, AFRL, AOS, Ball Aerospace, OptiPro, Zeiss, and many others. The on-going CEFO research project focuses on the development of measurement systems for freeform optics, because "the most significant impediment to progress is the optical testing of these surfaces." This needs to be achieved for manufacturing environments, which is subject to temperature changes that affect the measurement accuracy. During this summer research experience, the selected student will have the opportunity to gain experience in MATLAB programming, Metrology experiments, machining of samples, and the metrology of such samples. The latter includes comparing the manufactured samples using commercially available measurement instruments at the Center of Precision Metrology (which is after NIST, the best metrology site in the US).Minimum Qualifications: Basic MATLAB programming skills; successful completion of MEGR2156 for the work in the mechanical workshop; have a steady hand to handle optical components (mirrors and lenses).Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Studying Early Internet Radio: Assessing the WayBack Machine's Archives of Mentor Name: Dr. Robin JamesPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ PhilosophyProject Description:I am writing a book about the now-closed modern rock radio station 97X WOXY. They were one of the first terrestrial FM broadcasters to simulcast their signal online, and the only station to completely make the switch from FM to internet-only broadcast. The Internet Archive's WayBack Machine has captured the station's website(s) ( and ) numerous times, and I need a research assistant to catalog what the WayBack Machine's archive of those sites. By "catalog" I mean download each capture and create a short annotation of what is available on the pages captured on each capture date. I am especially interested in the various ways used the website to engage their community of listeners (e.g., message boards, a DIY art gallery, etc.). The student's duties are mainly internet research, downloading webpages/captures, and cataloging these entries they download.Minimum Qualifications: The project can be completed remotely, but they need decent internet access and a decent laptop (I'm working on a 2016 MacBook Pro and that's more than adequate), and they will need good file management/organization skills as well as some familiarity working with spreadsheets. Good organization is of paramount importance!Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Coalitional Politics - Theory and PraxisMentor Name: Dr. Elisabeth PaquettePosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Philosophy and WGSTProject Description:My current research project is a book on Afro-Caribbean decolonial theorist Sylvia Wynter. Specially, I seek to ascertain the extent to which Wynter addresses not only anti-Black racism and sexism, but also anti-Indigenous sentiments as well. For the purpose of this program, however, I will also engage in an analysis of what different methods coalitional politics can employ, as well as address what is at stake in such politics and methods. Coalitional politics aims at addressing a multiplicity of marginalized positions. For instance, we might ask how one can address anti-Black racism, anti-Indigenous racism, sexism, homophobia, xenophobia simultaneously. Can resistance to these kinds of harms coincide? Do they impose on each other, and if so how? With the help of a OUR Scholar, I seek to develop a list of texts and organizations (both local and national) that seek to engage in coalitional politics, and ascribe to each text/organization the method they employ to attain coalition. From this list, I/we will analyze the differences between the methods they employ. Should the OUR Scholar wish, I will also support their development of their own method/programming derived from our analysis.Minimum Qualifications: Research skills; ability to read and summarize texts; ability to use library database; taken at least one course that address racism and/or sexism.Research Period: Spring 2021 onlyProject Title: Computer Simulations of Light Transport through Optical Fibers for Laser Treatment of Kidney StonesMentor Name: Dr. Nathaniel FriedPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Physics and Optical ScienceProject Description:Kidney stone disease effects 10% of the U.S. population. There is no cure. A successful minimally invasive method for treating kidney stones involving inserting an optical fiber through a flexible endoscope inside the urinary tract and then activating a laser to break up the kidney stones into small fragments. Our laboratory is testing a new laser for faster and safer treatment of kidney stone disease. Our novel laser enables use of a larger variety of optical fiber delivery systems than technology currently used in the hospital.An undergraduate Junior or Senior physics or engineering student is sought to conduct computer simulations of how the light is transported through various optical fibers with different fiber sizes and numerical apertures. In this project, the student will learn basics of lasers and optical fibers, as applied to the medical field. They will also learn how to use Solidworks, Matlab, and other software packages for the computer simulations. If permitted (based on Covid-19 status of labs), they will also verify their results in the laboratory as well. The student is expected to meet milestones, prepare brief research reports for presentation at lab meetings, read scientific papers, and attend weekly laboratory meetings with their mentor and graduate students.Minimum Qualifications: A physics or engineering undergraduate student with Junior or Senior level standing, having completed introductory courses in their major.Any previous computer experience with Solidworks and/or Matlab software a plus.Any previous experience in optics a plus.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Development of Light-Assisted Drying Technology to Thermally Stabilize BiologicsMentor Name: Dr. Susan TrammellPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Physics and Optical ScienceProject Description:Many new biological products including protein-based drugs, assays, vaccines and nanomedicine products require cold storage to maintain viability. Cold storage strategies can be challenging and expensive for the transportation and storage of biological products and for their use in low-resource environments. Freeze drying has also been used to stabilize some biologics; however, this process remains costly, complex and the process generates a variety of stresses that can damage biological products. An inexpensive, simple processing method that enables near ambient temperature storage is needed.We are developing a new processing technique, light-assisted drying (LAD), to prepare biologics for dry-state storage in a trehalose amorphous solid matrix at ambient temperatures. LAD avoids a freezing step during processing that can be damaging to biologics. During LAD processing, the biologics are suspended in a droplet of trehalose solution and then irradiated with a near-IR laser to speed drying. As water is removed, the trehalose forms an amorphous solid protective matrix. The laser allows for careful control of the energy deposition into the sample and thus sample temperature during processing. This is an important advantage of the LAD process as many biologics are thermally sensitive. Further, LAD processing results in a unifomrly dry matrix that is necessary for stable, long-term storage. We are currently optimizing the LAD process for a variety of biologics. Undergraduate researchers from the Office of Undergraduate Research (OUR) Federal Work Study Research Assistant and OUR Scholars Program would assist with these experiments. Undergraduate students will conduct experiments to determine appropriate laser and other parameters for LAD processing. In addition, they will use polarized light imaging and Raman spectroscopy to characterize the resulting matrix and assess the viability of the matrix for long-term storage. This project will provide hands-on research experience and training in good laboratory practices. Students will participate in experimental design and troubleshooting, data acquisition and data analysis. Individual experiments can be completed in less than 10 hours per week, suitable for undergraduate students. Each undergraduate student will be expected to take ownership of his/her project and will receive individual mentoring by the PI and her graduate students and participate in weekly lab group meeting. The experiments for the initial development of the LAD process were carried out by a team of student researchers that included both graduate and undergraduate students. Previous undergraduate students working in Trammell Lab have presented their work at a variety of venues. Students have participated in UNC Charlotte’s Undergraduate Research Conference and Summer Research Symposium. In addition, undergraduate students have presented at the State of North Carolina Undergraduate Research & Creativity Symposium, the Mid-Atlantic PREP/IMSD Research Symposium and the National Conference for Undergraduate Research. Further, two recent undergraduate researchers from Trammell’s lab presented at SPIE Photonics West, the largest international meeting for the optics field. In addition, undergraduate researchers have been co-authors on conference papers and journal articles. Undergraduate students working on this project will participate in at least one of UNC Charlotte’s annual university-wide undergraduate research symposia, be encouraged to complete an Honors thesis based on their work and be given the opportunity to present at a regional or national meeting.Minimum Qualifications: Students working on this project should be Physics majors who have completed PHYS 3101 and PHYS 3282.Research Period: Spring 2021 onlyProject Title: Quantitative Phase MicroscopyMentor Name: Dr. Rosario Porras-AguilarPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Physics and Optical SciencesProject Description:This project addresses the need to image tiny and transparent object with very low visibility. The goal of this project is not only to make it visible to also to measure it. The impact of this work is in label-free microscopy to enable quantitative measurements of biological samples, and in the manufacturing industry to study surface roughness and 3D printing finished. The student will be trained to set up optical experiments and control electronic and optical equipment using Matlab. The student will review scientific papers and will present progress weekly.Minimum Qualifications: ? Interest on applied optics and microscopy? Excellent communication skills (verbal and written) ? Excellent interpersonal skills and an interest in working and supporting teams? Programming skills, including basics of MATLABResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Research in Experiments and Elections AdministrationMentor Name: Dr. Zach MohrPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Political ScienceProject Description:Student must be able to work email and word processors such as Word. The student also needs a basic proficiency with Excel as this is how we will collect administrative data. The student must also be able to follow online tutorials to learn how to use Qualtrics.Minimum Qualifications: Organized, General Computer SkillsResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Factors Contributing to Providing Gender-affirming Care among PediatriciansMentor Name: Dr. Virginia Gil-RivasPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Psychological ScienceProject Description:This project aims to examine pediatricians' knowledge and barriers for providing gender-affirming healthcare to transgender and gender diverse youth (TGDY). Specifically, this study will examine pediatricians’ knowledge, perceived barriers, and implementation of the American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement, "Ensuring Comprehensive Care and Support for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Children and Adolescents." Further, the study will explore differences in implementation of gender-affirming care between rural and urban healthcare settings. This research aims to inform future prevention initiatives in primary healthcare to increase healthcare quality for TGDY and reduce health disparities among this vulnerable population.The undergraduate student would contribute to the implementation of the project at all research stages. This includes assisting with IRB submission, programing research materials on Qualtrics, analyzing qualitative data, transcribing interviews, and coding and analyzing interviews. Undergraduates will also have the opportunity to assist with the dissemination of research through poster presentations and manuscript writing. Minimum Qualifications: Completion of required research methods courses and comfort using microsoft based software (excel, word).Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Task Constraints on Interpersonal Coordination: Effects of Task Goals on Alignment in SpeechMentor Name: Dr. Alexia GalatiPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ Psychological ScienceProject Description:In this project, we examine how interpersonal coordination in joint tasks influences task performance. The benefits of interpersonal alignment on task performance are documented in tasks that require partners to closely monitor each other’s perspective, consistent with a prominent view that as task partners align their behavior they converge conceptually. However, it is still underexplored whether the benefits of alignment generalize to other tasks: for example, in joint visual search, performance could benefit from a “divide and conquer” strategy instead. In this project, we examine this question directly by manipulating task goals as dyads interact with maps. In half of the trials, the dyads planned a route from an origin to a destination (route planning); in the other half, they searched for landmarks (visual search). To quantify interpersonal coordination in language use, we transcribe and code the dyads’ dialogues as they complete these two tasks. Because we are interested in linguistic alignment in reference, spatial perspective, and problem-solving strategies, we code for references of landmarks, the perspective of spatial expressions, and meta-comments about the state of the task. We hypothesize that dyads will exhibit alignment in their language use when they are engaging in route planning (vs. visual search), and that alignment will be more beneficial to performance in that task. The undergraduate student involved in the project will contribute to the transcription and coding of dialogues, and gain experience in audio annotation (using open source software ELAN), statistical analysis (using open-source statistical platforms R), and project management. The student will also gain experience in conducting literature searches, in writing progress reports, in scientific presentation, and–depending on their level of interest and involvement–in scientific manuscript preparation as a co-author. Minimum Qualifications: Research Methods courses in the student’s major (e.g., Research Methods I and II for Psychology majors; coursework in qualitative methods is perfectly acceptable). Introductory Statistics or similar course.Research Period: Fall 2020 onlyProject Title: Care Cloud - A Cloud-based Infectious Disease Management PlatformMentor Name: Dr. Monika SawhneyPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Public Health SciencesProject Description:With an overall aim to reduce the burden of the disease from infectious diseases (such as COVID-19), we propose a Software System to seamlessly integrate infectious diseases-related technologies by introducing an integration hub operating across various platforms used in the infectious diseases?ecosystem to develop a consistent flow for data throughout the system thus assisting the health workers and other stakeholders in improving patient screening, diagnosis, tractability and treatment adherence with overall data reliability and efficient scalability across countries currently facing?a?high level of the?burden from COVID19 and other related infectious diseases and/or health outcomes.Minimum Qualifications: Computer skills, research skills, at least a junior standing, diligent, detail oriented, drive to learn, and work collaboratively in a team environment.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: UNCC Food Purchasing ChoiceMentor Name: Dr. Elizabeth RacinePosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Public Health SciencesProject Description:The student will help as we conduct focus groups with UNC Charlotte students about food purchasing behaviors on campus as part of a study funded by the CDC. The student will help schedule focus groups, take notes during the focus groups, monitor and respond to potential participants inquiries about the research, help write up focus group findings, and participate in advisory board meetings with UNCC and state stakeholders.Minimum Qualifications: Good organization skills, personable, dependable, strong interpersonal, oral and written communication skills.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Experiences of Consent mong Alt-Sex Community MembersMentor Name: Dr. Jessamyn BowlingPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Public Health SciencesProject Description:We have collected survey data from approximately 3,500 members of the Alt-Sex community (including kink practitioners or those engaging in bondage/discipline, domination/submission, sadomasochism; and/or those in non-monogamous relationships) on their experiences with consent. The data includes non-consensual experiences (such as assault, harassment) within the Alt-Sex community and outside of it, as well as ways to reduce non-consensual experiences. The student will be part of a team to analyze the open-ended responses (qualitative data experience) and analyze similarities/differences between qualitative and quantitative findings. The student will then assist with dissemination of the findings, including drafting an infographic to be used on social media and manuscripts for peer-reviewed articles.Minimum Qualifications: Must have conducted a search of peer-reviewed literature previously; Comfortable with writing professionally in English; Comfortable with sensitive information about sexuality (including non-consensual experiences)Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: MamaVIEW: Empowering Black women through a pregnancy photovoice projectMentor Name: Dr. Alicia DahlPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Public health sciencesProject Description:This project aims to understand the barriers and enabling factors that Black women experience during pregnancy. This study will involve an online survey and a photovoice component, where pregnant women document their lived experiences with photographs and then share their stories through an interview process. The collective themes and stories of the community are then shared out to the public. The research assistant will help with recruiting pregnant women for the study, transcribing interview recordings, and other duties as assigned.Minimum Qualifications: Experience with qualitative research is preferred (minimum of 6 months)Excellent listening skillsStrong public speaking skillsAttention to detailAbility to take extensive notes during qualitative interview sessionsResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Take a TimeoutMentor Name: Dr. Alicia DahlPosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Public Health SciencesProject Description:This research project is funded by the NCAA. Our study involves participation of NCAA athletes from across the country to share their experiences with mental health. From their experiences, we will develop informational podcasts. These podcasts will share coping strategies and resources that student athletes could incorporate into their daily life to overcome common stressors and interpersonal conflicts.Minimum Qualifications: Excellent oral and written communicationAttention to detailStudent athlete experience would be preferredResearch Period: Fall 2020 onlyProject Title: Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation Campus FellowsMentor Name: Dr. Tehia GlassPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Education/ Reading and Elementary EducationProject Description:Charlotte Racial Justice Consortium Fellow DescriptionThe Charlotte Racial Justice Consortium is a collaborative of Johnson C. Smith University, Queens University of Charlotte, and the University of North Carolina,Charlotte. In 2019, the Consortium received national funding from the American Association of Colleges and Universities with the Papa John’s Foundation as a Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation (TRHT) Campus Center.The vision of this project is to work towards a Charlotte community that understands its history of race and racism, believes in our shared humanity, embraces a more comprehensive narrative on race, and develops faculty, staff, and student leaders who work across our three campuses towards truth, racial healing, and transformation.A key component of our TRHT Campus Center is the Racial Justice Fellows program which empowers students on each campus to work towards this vision by building a skill set that can help to dismantle racism. Each campus will hire six Fellows to work on this project. Racial Justice Fellows will:Be committed to the vision and goals of the Charlotte Racial Justice Consortium including understanding our history of race and racism, believing in our shared humanity, embracing a comprehensive narrative on race, and working to dismantle racism and towards truth, racial healing, and transformation.Participate in in-depth training focused on racial equity and facilitating healing circlesResearch the racial histories of the respective institutions and their connection with the other academic institutions and Charlotte’s historyAttend regular meetings with your school’s cohort and consortium leadership, which occur twice a monthAttend monthly people of color and white/accomplice caucus meetings in order to practice racial equity skill building and de-biasing strategiesAttend required events as FellowsCreate and present a student-focused project to the Charlotte Racial Justice Consortium Campus CommunitiesBecause we know there is more diversity within the Federal Work Study (FWS) program, we want to recruit undergraduate (UG) students for this fellows program. We see this as an opportunity to build UG students leadership skills as well as give them opportunities to work with other FWS students at other universities. We will follow CDC, state, and university guidelines for COVID-19 safety. If it is not safe to be face to face, we will move to online status. Minimum Qualifications: Currently enrolled for the Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters as an undergraduate or graduate student2.0 GPA (minimum)Committed to diversity, equity, inclusion, and anti-racism goals and principlesWillingness to grow and learn more about racial justiceSelf-motivatedTeam player, collaborativeSolid communication skillsBasic knowledge of research and computer skillsResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Phil Freelon ExhibitionMentor Name: Dr. Emily MakasPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Arts and Architecture/ School of ArchitectureProject Description:An undergraduate research assistant would help with the construction of architectural models, diagramming, and general exhibition research and design as part of a larger project exploring the architecture of Phil Freelon. Though widely publicized, surprisingly little scholarly attention has been paid to most of Freelon's work exploring African-American heritage and identities, with the exception of the Smithsonian National Museum of the African-American History and Culture. This project examines that high-profile museum within the context of Freelon's eleven other African-American-focused projects, including museums, cultural centers, and memorial parks across the United States. The research will culminate in an exhibition exploring the relationship between the container and the contained, that is, connections between the forms, materials, and meanings of Freelon's architecture and the histories and cultures exhibited within those buildings.For the exhibition, we will supplement drawings, videos, and photographs borrowed from Freelon's firm with large-scale sectional models that we produce to explore two or three of Freelon's multilayered facade systems, which combine formal symbolism of African and African-American culture and history with contemporary architectural design. Though primarily meant as representations of existing built work to convey information to the SoA and wider community, through the close examination and building of well-crafted, detail models of these facades, the research team will gain a deeper understanding of how they work both as architecture and as signs as well as the way they combine traditional and computational design methods.Minimum Qualifications: Architectural student familiar with Adobe Creative Suite and Revit as well as with experience building models using the SoA Fabrication Labs.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: High School Cross Country AnalyticsMentor Name: Dr. Douglas HaguePosition: Full ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ School of Data Science (in four colleges)Project Description:Project analyzes the data from North Carolina high school distance running athletes (or other track and field event) to determine how athletes mature and the driving factors behind their performances (weather, temperature, coaching, etc.). Student will develop data management practices for the data set, investigate the data through Python coding and analysis, and visualize results through Excel, Python, or other visualization tool. Student may work with other students on related projects.Minimum Qualifications: Basic Python coding skills or more advanced skills in another coding language and willingness to learn Python. ITSC 1212 and ITSC 1213 is sufficient. Basic knowledge of Excel. Understanding of track and field and distance running events a plus.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: The Risk-based Screening Strategy for Lung Cancer Prevention: A Machine Learning ApproachMentor Name: Dr. Yuqi GuoPosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ School of Social WorkProject Description:The debate on the overuse of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening has never ceased and become even more intense due to the issues of high false-positive rates (96.4%), considerable radiation risk (up to 1.8%), and low-cost efficiency. Currently, LDCT screening recommendations rely upon the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) inclusion criteria (smokers between the ages of 55 and 74 years who have smoked a minimum of 30 pack-years and quit for no more than 15 years) for defining high-risk person of lung cancer, but the supportive evidence of using these criteria is little. Also, several studies have found that the benefits of LDCT screening vary significantly across NLST participants and are positively associated with their risk of death from lung cancer. However, the health and financial costs of LDCT screening are uniformly distributed among all participants. Thus, it is not efficient to have a one-size-fits-all screening strategy for general smokers at various risk of lung cancer. Given 94 million current and former smokers in the United States, a risk-adjusted LDCT screening strategy can efficiently improve the selection process and promote the cost-benefit for lung cancer screening. This study seeks to assess the death risk of lung cancer precisely and to construct risk-based LDCT screening strategies for lung cancer detection. An undergraduate students will receive extensive training on research skills, particular for data management skills. The undergraduate students will be responsible to reviewing literature, managing data, and writing the manuscripts. The undergraduate student will learn some basic knowledge of machine learning and cancer care. The undergraduate student will have opportunities of co-authorships on manuscripts published in peer-review journal and the student will opportunities to present our study in local and national conferences.Minimum Qualifications: I am experienced and more than happy to mentor students. I will provide hand-on mentorship if I give students any research work to do. The student need to have good English writing skills, basic skill of using word, excel software, and google doc.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: MS Talks and Student Advocates: A Bimonthly Educational Intervention to Increase Knowledge and Resource Awareness about Multiple SclerosisMentor Name: Dr. Suzanne BoydPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ School of Social WorkProject Description:UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO PROJECT DESCRIBED BELOW AND EXAMPLE DUTIES:PI has served as a CRS mentor 4 summers. Continuing the work of Suzanne Jones, CRS Summer 2020 Scholar, the undergraduate student will have the opportunity to learn about all aspects of the research process. For example, they will complete the CITI Human Subjects Research training and assist the PI in the execution of the MS Student Advocate Project described below. Example duties include: (1) learning how to implement a research project after an IRB application has been approved from start to finish; (2) refinement of any project training modules; (3) how to conduct a literature review; (4) simple data analysis of pre-test and post-test data; (5) assist with data collection to measure outcomes as described below; (6) attend MS Talks workshops and administer workshop evaluation via Google doc; (7) recruitment of workshop participants - distributing flyers (electronically) about upcoming workshops; (8) learn how to track outcomes; (9) learn how to write a final report to funders and distribute to identified parties and (10) other learning opportunities that interest the student.Context Pilot project context of associated prior activities: Pilot project context of associated prior activities: PI received prior Chancellor’s Diversity Mini-Grant funding for the: “When I Walk” Film Screening, 11/7/19 and Spring 2020 Screening. and Chancellor’s Diversity Mini-Grant to conduct the follow-up film “When We Walk” Film Screening, April/May 2020 and Fall 2020. The outcome data have been accepted for a poster presentation at the national 2020 Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Orlando, Florida (May 28, 2020 Poster Presentation) - which is now scheduled as a virtual presentation on August 3, 2020. A manuscript is being submitted to the International Journal of Multiple Sclerosis. An abstract has been submitted to the ECTRIMS International Conference based on "When We Walk' film screening outcome data, Suzanne Jones, 2020 CRS Scholar as co-author.Clearly describe the project and the methods.Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with no known cure which primarily impacts the central nervous system resulting in a variety of symptoms including fatigue, difficulty in walking, muscle spasms, cognitive deterioration, blindness, negative impact on the quality of life, among others. About one million adults are diagnosed with MS in the United States. MS impacts women three times more often than men and is usually diagnosed between ages 20-50 with the greatest prevalence rate occurring in Caucasian women of Northern European ancestry, followed by the Latino population, and African-American population.This project represents Phase 2 of a previously funded Chancellor’s Diversity Mini-Grant Film Screening project held on November 7, 2019, and June 25, 2020.Eight Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Student Advocates (undergraduate and graduate) from various disciplines will be recruited and selected for the 2020-21 Academic Year. During Fall 2020, MS Student Advocates will complete a 10-week virtual educational program (via Canvas) based on the National Multiple Sclerosis Society MS Training resources, complemented by integrated training sessions with designated MS experts (UNCC campus partners and designated external partners detailed below), and screening of 2 MS films - “When I Walk” and “When We Walk”). Each MS Student Advocate will co-facilitate (with PI) 7 MS Talks 1 hour workshops during Spring 2021 (Training Fall 2020; Workshops, Spring 2021). Each MS Student Advocate will develop a 30-minute on-line workshop related to MS based on their area of expertise (such as for an Architecture student a workshop about Multiple Sclerosis and Physical Environmental Hazards or Adaptations). The PI serves as a mentor to 1 Charlotte Research Scholar during Summer 2020 (Suzanne Jones) The student CRS participant will assist the PI in developing the MS Student Advocate training Canvas page, recruitment flyer and application, MS Talks workshop flyers, MS Student Advocate Post Training Assessment, and MS Talks Participant Evaluation Form. Identify a need related to diversity.Increased knowledge and awareness of campus and community resources about “hidden” physical and cognitive disabilities such as MS and particularly the impact on different diverse groups such as men, underrepresented groups (e.g., African Americans; Hispanic population).Show how the proposed project will address the need.One participant - a doctoral student - noted that as a person recently diagnosed with MS, there was no support group in the UNC Charlotte community and only 3 other Charlotte support groups registered with the National MS Society, two of which are located in South Charlotte. People with physical disabilities or limitations may be overlooked when considering the meaning of diversity perhaps because some physical disabilities are invisible at their current stage of disease progression. More importantly, physical limitations range in their impact from mild to severe and from visible (i.g., use of a mobility device like a cane or walker or wheelchair; change in walking gait/balance) to invisible. The level of difficulty in navigating the physical environment varies based on their disease progression and access to resources to address needs (e.g., paratransit at UNCC). Persons with disabilities experience a more inclusive environment when accessibility is easier and when more people have knowledge about the impact of a physical disability on everyday activities. Target Population and How the Audience Will Be ReachedMS Student Advocates: Undergraduate and graduate student advocates: will be recruited by posting a flyer on the School of Social Work social media and website; electronic flyers posted on the Student Union monitors, CHHS monitors and other electronic monitors on campus and paper flyers on bulletin boards throughout campus; targeted emails sent to designated graduate and undergraduate student groups, resident hall advisors, undergraduate and graduate program directors.MS Talk Participants/Attendees: The target population includes all members of the UNC Charlotte community - faculty groups, staff groups, and an emphasis on student groups. Flyers (hard copy and electronic) will be posted throughout campus on bulletin boards and monitors; targeted emails to faculty, staff, and student groups; and targeted UNCC social media sites. Charlotte community members will also be reached through the distribution of the MS Talks flyer to their respective email lists and/or post flyers and share at events: Greater Carolinas Chapter of the National MS Society and Novant Neurology and Sleep Clinic. A notification on “Charlotte on the Cheap” will be posted for each MS Talks session. A flyer will be emailed to all School of Social Work field placement agencies (over 200 agencies) and a flyer shared with the Chancellor’s Accessibility Advisory Committee members.Plan to Publicize and Share Project Information and OutcomesIn addition to the final report submitted to Kerrie Stewart, the final report will be distributed to key UNC Charlotte leaders, all project participants, and attendees; UNC Charlotte faculty, staff, and student groups; and new and existing community partners. The final report will be published on the School of Social Work website and the PI will work with Wills City, the CHHS communications director to write and distribute an article about the project and outcomes news outlets and relevant UNCC social media outlets. A project abstract will be submitted to a national conference and the results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Plans to Collaborate with Other Units, Groups, or Partners on Campus & Community PartnersThe PI will collaborate with the following groups to serve as a guest speaker for the MS Student Advocate Training Sessions: UNC Charlotte Office of Disability Services (Katie Montie - UNCC ADA Director - existing partner), the Chancellor’s Accessibility Advisory Committee member - such as the University Compliance Officer (the PI is a 3-year committee member appointed by the Chancellor as the Faculty Representative). External community partners include Jennifer Frame, RN, MS Lake Norman Support Group Leader, The Greater Carolinas Chapter of the National MS Society and Novant Health Neurology and Sleep Clinic (current partner - Nora Schuette, PA, MSW and new neurologist practitioners will be invited as a guest speaker - Dr. Max Carraco and Dr. Jill Conway as guest speakers)Goals and Expected OutcomesIncrease Knowledge and awareness about MS and MS Resources for the UNC Charlotte MS Student Advocates StudentsMS Student Advocates will increase knowledge level about MS and available resources to UNC Charlotte and Charlotte-area community members.Increase knowledge about MS and Available Resources in MS Talk workshop attendees To increase awareness about MS and its symptoms and progression.To increase awareness of available resources at UNCC and the Charlotte communityTo introduce our MS Talks series, which will begin on Januar 2021].Potential Impact of the project: This potential impact of this project is not only increasing awareness and diversity about hidden disabilities and physical disabilities on campus. The benefits which extend beyond the project completion include a group of students trained with knowledge about MS which they take with them to their next learning step and other community involvement. This project will have a particular and unique impact on student climate and/or learning experiences and perspectives in two ways: (1) Both undergraduate and graduate students from various disciplines across campus will be recruited to become a UNCC MS Scholar Advocate complete training about MS and then develop a workshop based on their major area of expertise AnD participate in delivering workshops on those topics to faculty, staff, and student groups on campus - called “MS Talks” and (2) Students will have the opportunity to learn how to develop a workshop and enhance their oral communication skills and develop presentations on the previously identified Film Festival participants indicated where needed will also be delivered. The existing community partner, Greater Carolinas Chapter of the National MS Society, and existing/new community partner, former practitioners who serve as film festival panelists and new practitioners from Novant Neurology and Sleep Clinic.How Success of Project Will Be MeasuredOutcome data will be collected for each project goal below:Measures of success for the project goals:Number of students who apply to the MS Student Advocate ProgramNumber of students who are selected as an MS Student AdvocateNumber of MS Student Advocates who complete the MS Student Advocate Training Program 100% of MS Student Advocates will score 80% or higher on the MS Student Advocate Training Post-test AssessmentFinal MS Talks Workshop developed by each MS Student AdvocateNumber of MS Talks workshops conductedNumber of attendees at each workshopTotal number of workshop attendees75% of MS Talk workshop Participants will complete the workshop evaluation (on-line survey or hard copy after training) 50% of MS Talk workshop participants will complete a 3-month follow-up survey to assess how they have retained knowledge about MS and how they have applied what they learned. MS Student Advocate learning outcomes will be recorded via an on-line post-assessment. Participant learning outcomes and satisfaction will be recorded via an on-line evaluation survey and a 3-month follow-up survey after workshop participation. Describe any plans to collect information about the participant's follow-up actions or activities.Participants will receive an email invitation 3-months after the workshop they attended to complete a short on-line survey to ascertain how they have shared the information that they learned and with whom, and any additional information about MS they will need. Minimum Qualifications: Proficiency in English; Basic proficiency in Microsoft Word and Powerpoint, Excel, Google Docs (or willing to learn new technologies), Prefer completion of a basic research course - but not required; strong oral and written communication skills; willingness to learn and interest in learning more about research and community-based educational interventions.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Interpersonal Violence Campus Climate SurveyMentor Name: Dr. Annelise MennickePosition: Assistant ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Social WorkProject Description:A student will work with a team of faculty researchers, graduate students, and campus partners to implement the 2021 interpersonal violence campus climate survey. This survey is used to assess the rates of violence experienced among students at UNC Charlotte so that prevention and intervention programs can be effectively tailored. An undergraduate student will help the team by building the survey in qualtrics, creating and disseminating recruitment materials, managing incentive distribution, cleaning data, assisting with data analysis, and creating a report and manuscript documenting the findings.Minimum Qualifications: Knowledge about interpersonal violenceResearch Period: Spring 2021 onlyProject Title: Charlotte Racial Justice Consortium ScholarMentor Name: Dr. Susan McCarterPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Health and Human Services/ Social WorkProject Description:The Charlotte Justice Consortium of UNC Charlotte, Johnson C. Smith, Queens University of Charlotte, Johnson and Wales University of Charlotte, and Central Piedmont community college, has opportunities for undergraduate students to participate in the collection, analysis, and dissemination of qualitative and quantitative data as part of the Truth, Racial healing, and Transformation campus center.Minimum Qualifications: No skills are required - all will be taught as part of the project. An interest in race, racism, and anti-racism is preferred.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Arts-based Social Mobility in CharlotteMentor Name: Dr. Vaughn SchmutzPosition: Associate ProfessorMentor College/Department: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences/ SociologyProject Description:This would be a continuation of the work done during summer 2020 in the Charlotte Community Scholars and is part of an NEA-funded grant ("Arts-based social mobility: Exploring cultural capital in Charlotte, NC"). We are collecting information on artists and arts-based programs in Charlotte that focus on social impact, particularly related to social mobility. This summer, we also developed a survey for donors to these programs. An undergraduate student would continue to help us gather information about the relevant artists and programs; transcribe and analyze interviews with the artists and programs; field a pilot survey of donors for one of the arts-based programs; and make some follow-up contacts with people in our sample. If circumstances allow (related to Covid-19), it could also include some on-site visits to programs during Spring 2021 to talk with students and families that participate in these programs.Minimum Qualifications: No specific qualifications, but a background in social science and interest in community-engaged research is a plus. If possible, it would be nice to continue this work with the CCS student, Sofia Escotto-PimentelResearch Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year)Project Title: Student Perspectives on Learning at UNCCMentor Name: Dr. Karen Singer-FreemanPosition: Associate Graduate FacultyMentor College/Department: College of Education/ Special Education and Child DevelopmentProject Description:The general education program is the one educational experience that all students at UNCC have in common and is the intended focus of this research project. We wish to learn how students across the institution feel they have been impacted by general education to support improvements in our general education curriculum. This project will provide students with the opportunity to develop knowledge and skills in the use of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Students involved in this project will have opportunities to develop research questions and surveys, conduct interviews, help with data analysis, and share project results to groups across campus and the community.Minimum Qualifications: Good written and oral communication pletion or currently enrolled in statistics or research methods course.Research Period: Both Fall and Spring (2020-2021 Academic Year) ................
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