Phys101 Lecture 6 Circular Motion - Simon Fraser University
Phys101 Lecture 6 Circular Motion
Key points: ? Centripetal acceleration ? Uniform Circular Motion - dynamics Ref: 5-1,2,3, 5,6.
Page 1
Uniform Circular Motion--Kinematics
Uniform circular motion: motion in a circle at constant speed
Instantaneous velocity is always tangent to the circle.
The magnitudeof the velocity
is constant:
v1 v2 v
R
Page 2
Centripetal acceleration
The acceleration, called the centripetal acceleration, points toward the center of the circle.
The magnitudeof centripetal acceleration is :
v2 aR R
Page 3
Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion
For an object to be in uniform circular motion, Newton's 2nd law requires a net force acting on it. This net force is called centripetal force:
Physically, the centripetal force can be the tension in a string, the gravity on a satellite, the normal force of a ring, etc.
Note: Don't count the centripetal force as an additional force in the free-body-diagram! It refers to the required net force for circular motion.
Page 4
Centrifuge
A centrifuge works by spinning very fast. An object in the tube requires a large centripetal force. When the liquid can't provide such a large force, the object will move (sink) to the end of the tube.
Force reuiredfor
circular motion:
FR
maR
mv2 R
Force reuiredfor stayingin position:
FN mg
Page 5
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