Vocabulary Activity - WORLD HISTORY - Home



NAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Vocabulary ActivityChallenge and Transition in East AsiaContent VocabularyDirections: Answer each of the following questions. Include in your answers the vocabulary words in parentheses.1.What is extraterritoriality? How was it practiced in nineteenth-century China?(extraterritoriality) the practice of allowing a foreign population to live in their own special section of a host country, not subject to the host country’s laws European traders were allowed to live in their own sections of five coastal ports, subject only to their own laws2.The compound word self-strengthening literally means “to strengthen (one)self.” To what “self” were reformers during the late Qing dynasty referring, and why did it have to be to “strengthened”? What did this “strengthening” involve?(self-strengthening) China - the Qing court was in decline - “strengthening” should involve China adopting Western technology while still holding on to its Confucian values and institutions3.The original meaning of the word sphere is “a three-dimensional, perfectly round geometrical object,” such as a ball or globe. What were spheres of influence in China in the late nineteenth century? Explain the metaphor, or comparison, implied by the term spheres of influence. (spheres of influence) exclusive trading rights and other privileges sphere has a center and radiates outward, encompassing a space - European powers created areas or “spheres” where they were the center of power and influence4.What was the Open Door policy in China in the late 1800s? Who benefited from it? (Open Door policy) all powers with spheres of influence in China should respect equal trading opportunities with China and not set tariffs giving unfair advantages to the citizens of their own countries benefited China but it perhaps benefited the United States and Europe much more5.What was a prefecture during the Meiji Restoration in Japan? Why were the prefectures created? (prefecture) the territories formerly owned and ruled by the local nobles, or daimyo, but now owned and controlled by the Meji to undercut the power of the daimyo and strengthen the rule of the new leadersNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Vocabulary Activity Cont. Challenge and Transition in East AsiaDirections: Write S next to each word that is a synonym—a word with the same or nearly the same meaning—as the boldfaced first word in each item. There may be more than one correct response. (indemnity, provincial, commodities, concessions)6.indemnity_S__ damages_S__ compensation___ reward_S__ payment___ credit7.provincial___ international_S__ regional___ foreign_S__ local___ modities_S__ products_S__ merchandise___ discards___ waste_S__ goods9.concessions___ confrontations_S__ compromises_S__ agreements___ hindrances___ obstaclesAcademic VocabularyDirections: Read the following sentences. If the underlined word is used correctly in the sentence, write C in the first blank. If the word is used incorrectly, write I. Then, on the line provided, explain why the word is used incorrectly. Include the vocabulary word in parentheses in your explanation.___I____ 10.In China, imperial powers such as Britain and France created their own spheres of influence, areas where all nations could share exclusive trading rights with the Chinese. (exclusive) something exclusive would not be shared___I____ 11.The Meiji government in Japan demanded subsidies from industries, forcing businesses to pay for training, foreign advisers, transportation, and communications. (subsidy) A subsidy is a form of aid that comes from the government to a business, not the other way around.___I____ 12.In China, Sun Yat-sen developed a three-stage reform process. Ultimately, he planned that the process would end in a phase of constitutional democracy. (phase) period in a development process is a phase, not the end or goal of a processNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Vocabulary Activity Cont. Challenge and Transition in East AsiaDirections: From the list below, choose the best word to answer each question. Write each word in the blank provided. (highlighted, motive, context, phase, subsidy)highlightedmotivecontextphasesubsidy13.Which word refers to what drives a person’s actions? __motive____14.Which word refers to a stage in a process? ___Phase____15.Which word could be used to describe something that is emphasized? __highlighted__16.Which word suggests putting information together to figure out the meaning or background of something? __context__________17.Which word refers to something a government might distribute in order to encourage the growth of business during hard economic times? ___subsidy_________18.Directions: One meaning of the prefix ex- is “out of or outside.” The prefix in- can mean the opposite: “in or within.” Exclusive means “restricted or limited to a specific individual or group.” Inclusive means “includes.” Write E next to each example below that illustrates the meaning of exclusive. Write I next to each example below that illustrates the meaning of inclusive. (exclusive) _E__ a.an organization for business leaders _I___ b.a public library book club that allows anyone to join _E__ c.trading rights in spheres of influence _E__ d.a club for women only _I__ e.a city’s July 4 fireworks celebration _E__ f.permission for honors students to attend a special field trip _I__ g.a grand opening at a grocery store _E__ h.a discount membership warehouse clubNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading ActivityChallenge and Transition in East Asia-42269414734400Lesson 1 The Decline of the Qing DynastyReview QuestionsDirections: Locate each heading below in your textbook. Then use the information under the correct heading and subheading to help you write each answer.I.Causes of DeclineA.What were the main internal and external causes for the fall of the Qing Dynasty? Internal: Political corruption – peasant unrest – governmental incompetence External: pressure from Western powers – developments in ships and gunsB.How did the Opium War weaken the Qing Dynasty?China gave up Hong Kong – Had to open coastal ports – Limited TaxesPay restitution and allow extraterritoriality by the British C.What were the causes and effects of the Tai Ping Rebellion?Internal problems of peasants rebellions to bring down the Qing DynastyTreaty of Tianjin legalized the opium trade and opened new ports to foreign tradeD.What was the policy of “self-strengthening”?reform-minded policy by which of adopting Western technologybut keeping Confucian values and institutionsII.The Advance of ImperialismWhat are spheres of influence, and how did they contribute to the fall of the Qing Dynasty?areas in which the imperial powers had exclusive trading rights orrailroad-building and mining privileges; thus, granting these rights weakened the QingIn what three ways did international events put pressure on the Qing Dynasty?Occupation of Europeans and Russians in additional lands – Warlords having direct negotiations with foreign nations – Lost of Korea in the Sino-Japanese warC.Why did Guang Xu’s attempts at reform fail? Empress Dowager Ci Xi opposed histattempts to modernize the government. Guang Xu was imprisoned and his supporters, ending the reform movement NAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading Activity Cont.Challenge and Transition in East AsiaIII.Responses to ImperialismA.What was the Open-Door policy? all powers with spheres of influence in China would respect equal trading opportunities with China and not set tariffs giving an unfair advantage to the citizens of their own countryWhat were the causes and effects of the Boxer Rebellion?Causes: Economic distress and foreign takeover of Chinese landsEffect: Weakened government by demanding a heavy sum of money from China by the supportersSummary and ReflectionDirections: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.What internal problems and external pressures led to the fall of the Qing dynasty?Internal Problems:Tai Ping Rebellion Boxer RebellionWarlords taking independent actionsPolitical actionsExternal Problems:Pressures from Western nations to include military and technological superiority, occupation of territories, inserting their own culture, demands for money and trade; thus this weakened the government leading to calls for reform and revolutionNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading ActivityChallenge and Transition in East Asia-42141915102000Lesson 2 Revolution in ChinaReview QuestionsDirections: Read each main idea. Use your textbook to supply the details that support or explain each main idea.A.Main Idea: After the Boxer Rebellion, Qing leaders attempted, unsuccessfully, to undertake reforms.1. Detail: Empress Dowager Ci Xi adopted a new education system, dropped the _civil service___ examination system, and formed new __legistative___ assemblies.2. Detail: Sun Yat-sen developed a three–stage reform process that included a military _takeover___, a transitional phase, and ___constitutional_____ democracy.3. Detail: Sun Yat-sen’s Three People’s Principles promoted ____nationalism___, ___democracy___ , and the right of people to pursue their own livelihoods.4. Detail: In October 1911, followers of Sun Yat-sen launched an __uprising ____ and the Qing dynasty __collapsed________________.5. Detail: Yuan Shigai, the first ___president____ of the Republic of China, attempted to become __emperor______.6. Detail: Sun Yat-sen’s __Nationalist____ Party launched a rebellion, which failed. Sun Yat-sen fled to __Japan_____.7. Detail: After Yuan Shigai died, China slipped into __civil war___, and the __central government_____ disintegrated.B.Main Idea: Western influences changed the Chinese economy, society, and culture.1. Detail: In the mid-1800s, China enjoyed improved transportation, a better banking system, and increased foreign __investment________________.2. Detail: Westerners in China introduced a more modern __communications______ network, created an export market, and integrated China into the world _economy_________________.3. Detail: Western imperialism caused many Chinese workers to be _explotted___, and local __industry________________ was largely destroyed.NAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading Activity Cont.Challenge and Transition in East Asia4. Detail: Radical reformers in China saw traditional culture as an instrument of _oppression_______ ; they wanted to create a more modern China that would be respected by the West.5. Detail: _Western________ art and ideas became popular among the urban middle class, but __traditionalists______ held onto Chinese culture.Summary and ReflectionDirections: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.How did Western influences affect social and political developments in China? Social: attempted to initiate Western-style reforms in education, administration, and the legal system; did not address poor living conditionsWestern nations introduced modern means of transportation and communicationPolitical:Sun Yat-sen created a nationalist movement that launched a revolution with the aim of creating a Western-style constitutional democracyrevolution stalled when the president later attempted to declare himself emperorSun Yat-sen fled to Japan, and China slipped into civil warcreated an export market, and integrated the Chinese market into the world economycreated a state of dependence and underdevelopment in Chinamany urban Chinese intellectuals embraced Western philosophy, though most conservative and rural people still valued traditional waysNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading ActivityChallenge and Transition in East Asia-41910014986000Lesson 3 The Rise of Modern JapanReview QuestionsDirections: Locate each heading below in your textbook. Then use the information under the correct heading and subheading to help you write each answer.I.Japan Responds to Foreign PressureA.What was the foreign policy of the Tokugawa shogunate?an isolation policyB.How did the United States pressure Japan, and what was the result?Sent Matthew Perry with four warships demanding better treatment for shipwrecked sailors and better foreign relations.The Treaty of KanagawaC.What was the result of resistance to opening foreign relations?Collapse of the shogunate system and the beginning of the Meiji RestorationII.The Meiji RestorationA.How did the Meiji reformers change Japan’s political system?Took the daimyo’s lands and made them be the governs over their previously owned landsB.What was unique about the Meiji model of industrial development? Why?The government encouraged the development of new industries by providing money and privileges to the businesspeople. Once a business or industry was on its feet, it was turned over to private ownershipHow did the Meiji reform education in Japan?established universal education and implemented the American model ofelementary schools, secondary schools, and universitiesIII.Japanese ExpansionWhy did Japan begin a program of territorial expansion?To regain wealth they had lost to Western nations due to them using Japan’s raw materials, inexpensive labor and markets for manufactured goodsNAME????DATE????CLASS???-41830455245Guided Reading Activity Cont.Challenge and Transition in East AsiaWhat nations and territories did Japan control by 1910?Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Liaodong Peninsula, the southern part of Sakhalin,and Korea.IV.Culture in an Era of TransitionHow did Western culture influence traditional Japanese culture?French realism was utilized by Japanese writers and Western architectural styles were copiedHow did Japanese culture influence Western nations?arts and crafts, porcelains, textiles, fans, folding screens, and woodblock printsbecame fashionableJapanese style gardens became popularSummary and ReflectionDirections: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.What was the effect of Western intervention in Japan?Western pressure for open trade with Japan was connected with the Meiji Restoration; cultural exchange went both ways ................
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