OCR Document - Quia



BASICS

Pronomi personali soggetto e verbo essere - Interrogativi (1): Who, What, Where, How

1. 1. She is/She's 2. I - is - We are / We're 3. They are/They're 4. They are/They're 5. He is/He's 6. It is/It's 7. It is/It's

2. 1. Isn't the museum open today? 2. Aren't Ines and Ramon Spanish? 3. Is Bob your brother? 4. Aren't I/Am I not in this class? 5. Is the new English teacher good? 6. Are Paris and Berlin capital cities?

3. 1.. Is George at home? - No, he isn't/he's not. He's at school. 2. Are Jason and Eric brothers? - Yes, they are. 3. Aren't you tired? - No, I'm not. / No, we aren't/we're not. 4. Are your friends English? - No, they aren't/they're not. They're Scottish. 5. Aren't we late? - No, you aren't/you're not. You're early. (also No, we aren't/we're not. We're early.) 6. Is that book interesting? - No, it isn't/it's not. It's boring. 7. Is this computer new? - Yes, it is. 8. Is the message urgent? - Yes, it is. It's very urgent.

4. 1. They are / 're hot and thirsty. 2. The policeman is sleepy. 3. The boss is angry. 4. George is a bit hungry this evening. 5. Mr Ross is afraid of flying. 6. Mr Stevenson is in a hurry. 7. Who is/'s right and who is/'s wrong? 8. ... and now she is / 's ashamed. 9 … if you are / 're cold. - No, thanks. I am / 'm warm now.

5. 1. are you? 2. 's/is - She's/is 3. How old is - He's/is 18 years old. 4. Are you hungry/hot/cold/ tired? 5. Are you cold? 6. Are you in a 7. 're/are

6. 1. What is / 's your name? - My name is/'s Jenny. 2. Is that girl German? 3. Are you in... 4. Aren't I right?/Am I not right? 5. It is / 's a nice day today. 6. - Where is / 's he? 7. - Is it really necessary? 8. Bob is 20 years old. 9. We are / 're late.

7. 1. What 2. How 3. Who 4. What 5. Where 6. What 7. How 8. What 9. Where 10. Who

8. 1. Who's - It's - she - she 2. that/it - it is - She is/'s 3. Who's -It's 4. it isn't are / 're - It is / 's 5. Who's - It's - He is / 's he

9. Suggested answers: 1. Is your friend English? - No, (he isn't/he's not). He's/He is Scottish. 2. Are you tired? - Yes, we are. 3. How old are you? - I'm/I am 16 (years old) and my sister's/is 13 (years old). 4. Are you hungry? - No, (I'm not/I am not) but I'm/I am a bit thirsty. 5. It's/is a bit cold today. Aren't you cold? - No, I'm/I am fine/all right/OK. 6. Isn't that Kim over there? - Yes, it is/it's Kim. You are / 're right. 7. Are you in a hurry? - Yes (, we are). We're/are late.

Sostantivi - Articoli determinativo e indeterminativo

1. 1. daughter 2. waiter 3. granddaughter 4. nephew 5. aunt

2. -s: toys, maps, clocks, pianos, chiefs, photos, nurses, houses

-es: watches, crashes, dresses, foxes, sandwiches, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes

-ies: cities, secretaries

-ves: knives, lives, leaves, shelves, thieves, wives, wolves

irregolari: men, children, teeth, mice, feet, women

3. 1. the Colemans 2. two cds 3. the 1980s/the 1980's/the eighties 4. the Brooks 5. on Mondays 6. the

Kennedys 7. the Y's/Ys and K's/Ks

4. 1. two people 2. feet are/foot is 3. police are 4. potatoes 5. money is 6. hair is 7. are 8. shelves

5. 1.a 2.a 3.an 4. a 5.a 6.an 7.an 8.a 9.a 10. a 11.a 12. an -a 13.a 14.a 15.a 16.an 17.a

6. 1.an 2.a 3.X 4.X 5.X 6.a-the 7.X-X 8.a 9.The 10.X-a. 11. The - a 12. X 13. the 14. X - a - X 15. X - X - X 16. The - the

Aggettivi - Dimostrativi - Aggettivi possessivi

1. 1. This is 2. Those are 3. These are 4. That is 5. That is 6. Those are 7. This is 8. These are 9. Those shoes are

2. 1. Those men are very tall. 2. These are easy questions. 3. Are those gold rings? 4. Those are young ladies. 5. Are these pens blue or red? 6. These restaurants are expensive. 7. These are fast cars. 8. . What are those? - They're diaries. 9. Those are nice children.

3. 1. your - my 2. our 3. their 4. her 5. their 6. its 7. his 8. its

4. Suggested answers: 1. Alice is twenty (years old). Her brother is 17 (years old). 2. Your taxi is here, Mr Thomson. 3. Are your pizzas good? 4. Our parents are abroad. 5.. Isn't that your cat? - No, our cat is black. 6. Mr Jordan and his wife are on holiday with their children.

There is - there are

1. 1. There are paintings on the walls. 2. There's / There is a cat on the sofa. 3. There's/ There is a dog under the table. 4. There are cups and glasses on the table. 5. There's / There is a lamp in the corner. 6. There are flowers in a vase.

2. 1. Is there a supermarket near here? - Yes, there's one round the corner. 2. Is there a post office near here? - Yes, there's one in the High Street. 3. Is there an underground station near here? - Yes, there's one opposite the cinema. 4. Is there a bookshop near here? - Yes, there's one next to the church.

3.1. Is it 2. it is. 3. There's/is 4. Is there 5. there is. 6. there are 7. Isn't there 8. there is 9. Are there

4. 1. there is - It's 2. he isn't/he's not 3. it isn't/it's not 4. there are. They're 5. there are - Are they - they aren't 6. he is 7. There are

5. Suggested answers: 1. Is there a supermarket near here? - Yes, there's/there is one round the corner. 2. Good morning, Mrs Jones. Is John in/at home/there? - No, he isn't (at home/in/here). I'm sorry. 3. Isn't there a bank near here? - Yes, there is (one). But it's/it is not open today. 4. There's / There is a boy and ten girls in my class. 5. Is Mabel there? - No, she isn't/is not here. Perhaps she's/she is in the garden.

Presente del verbo avere

1. 1. John has got... 2. Ann is cold... 3. My friend has got... 4. Mary is interested... She has got... 5. Jack has not got ... He is... 6.. Charles has got ... - Yes, his family is ...

2. 1. haven't got/have not got 2. have (got) - Have they got - have 3. 's got/has (got) 4. Has Sandra got - has 5. Haven't you got - haven't 6. 've got/have (got) - haven't got 7. Hasn't Fred got - hasn't - 's got/has got 8. have (got) - 's got/has (got) - 's got/has (got)

3. 1. 're 2.'s 3. are 4. are 5. 've got 6.'s 7.'s got 8. are 9. haven't got 10. 's 11. 's 12. hasn't got 13. 's

14. has/'s got 15. are 16. Are 17. Have you got 18. 's 19. Has he got 20. 'm 21. haven't got 22. 're 23. are 24. have / 've got 25. 'm

Some, any, no

1. a) 1. any - are some 2. any - isn't any 3. any - is some 4. any - isn't any 5. any - 've got/have (got) some 6. isn't any

b) They've got some eggs, but they haven't got any bacon. They've got some marmalade, but they haven't got any butter. They've got some oranges, but they haven't got any milk.

2. 1. a - some 2. any - a 3. a – any 4. some - any 5. some - any - some - some 6. some - an - some

3. 1. no - any - some 2. no – any 3. some - any 4. no 5. some – no 6. any 7. any 8. any - no 9. any - some

4. Suggested answers: 1. Have you' got / Do you have any brothers or sisters? - I've got / l have (got) a brother, but I haven't got/don't have any sisters. What about you? - I haven't got/don't have any brothers or sisters. I'm/I am an only child. 2. There are some eggs and some ham. We can make an omelette for dinner.

- Have we got/Do we have any salad? - Only some tomatoes. And there isn't any cheese left. - Why don't we go to a restaurant? - Good idea. 3. Would you like some biscuits with your tea? - Thanks, I'm not hungry. - Aren't you well? - I've got/I have a headache. - I've got/I have some aspirin. Would you like/Do you want some? - No, thanks. (Some) tea is fine. 4. I'm thirsty. Is there any orange juice? - No, there isn't any left. Would you like some coke/coca cola? - No, thanks. Have you got/Do you have any mineral water?

- No, I haven't (got any)/No I don't (have any). I'm sorry.

Much, many, a Lot (of), Lots (of)

1. 1. much 2. a lot of/lots of 3. a lot of/lots of 4. many/a lot of/lots of 5. many 6. a lot of/lots of 7. many - a lot/lots 8. much - a lot/lots 9. a lot of/lots of 10. lots of/a lot of/much - much - lots of/a lot of 11. a lot 12. many - a lot/lots

Imperativo

1. 1. Don't be late 2. Be careful - Don't break 3. don't worry 4. Don't drive - Drive 5. Don't open

2. 1. Don't be so lazy! 2. Don't watch TV all the time. 3. Make your bed. 4. Don't eat too many chocolates. 5. Don't quarrel with your little brother. 6. Brush your teeth before going to bed.

3. 1. Let's close 2. Let's ask 3. Let's go 4. Let's walk 5. Let's listen

Can e must.

1. 1. can swim 2. can't find 3. Can David play - can - can play 4. Can't you hear 5. Can you come - can't 6. can drive - can't ride

2. 1. can dance very well. 2. can't sing very well. 3. can play the piano very well. 4. can play tennis very well. 5. Can you speak French well? 6. can't drive. 7. can play basketball very well.

3. 1. must - Can't/Can - can't - must - mustn't 2. Can't - must 3. can't - must - can

4. Suggested answers: 1. Can you open this window? I can't. 2. Glenda can speak three foreign languages. 3. Can't you come to my party? - No, we can't. I'm sorry. 4. I can't translate this sentence. 5. Max can sing and dance very well. 6. Who can solve this quiz? 7. Can I use your (tele)phone? 8. We must buy some bread. There isn't any left. / There's none left. 9. You must come and visit us/ and see us one of these days. 10. You mustn't be rude!

Pronomi personali complemento

1. 1. me 2. her 3. you 4. them 5. him 6. us 7. it 8. them

2. 1. your 2. My 3. his 4. her 5. them/him 6. My 7. her 8. Our/My 9. they 10. they 11. them 12. My/Our 13. me/us 14. Their 15. they 16. Its 17. her 18. my 19. our

3. 1. you 2. I 3. We 4. they 5. she 6. She 7. We 8. her 9. you 10. I 11. I 12.it 13.It 14.us 15.I 16.he 17.them 18. you 19. I 20. him

4. 1. we 2. I 3. you 4. we 5. I 6. my . 7. my 8. my 9. I 10. her 11. she 12. her 13.me 14.him 15.his 16. his 17. We 18. our 19. your 20. They 21. their 22. them 23. I 24. you 25. us 26. our 27. we 28. you 29. Your

5. 1. for - from 2. for 3. for 4. from - without 5. about 6. with - with

Forma possessiva del nome (genitivo sassone) - Pronomi possessivi

1. 1. Karen's boyfriend is from Greece. 2. Those are my children's teachers. 3. Lee's father is an astronaut. 4. What is the doctor's phone number? 5. That man's job is dangerous. 6. Isn't that our friends' car? 7. Jean is the manager's daughter. 8. Jean and Peter's flat is on the second floor. 9. Bess's and Diana's sons are in the same class.

2. 1. my mother's birthday 2. your father's job 3. the owner of this house 4. The Carsons' garden 5. the boss's wife 6. James's sister 7. the perfume of these flowers 8. The leaves of that tree 9. the Captain's orders 10. Miss Green's hats

3. 1. my brother's 2. the newsagent's 3. Sarah's 4. the dentist's/the dentist 5. chemist's - greengrocer's

6. St. Martin's 7. his friend's

4. 1. ours 2. yours 3. his 4. theirs 5. Hers 6. Mine

5. 1. Our / Their - theirs/ours 2. yours – mine - hers 3. ours 4. our - ours 5. hers - her 6. his - his/hers - hers/his

6. Suggested answers: 1. This pen is Jane's. - Are you sure it's hers? Isn't it Colin's? 2. Can you give me Fred's phone number? 3. Your car is new. Ours is old. 4. Can I see your friends' photos? 5. Are these your suitcases? - No, they're theirs. Ours are on that trolley. 6. The meeting's/is in the manager's office.

Presente semplice

1. 1. finish - finishes 2. start – starts 3. takes - take 4. goes 5. doesn't go 6. teach - teaches 7. don't do 8. do 9. doesn't drive 10. catches

2. 1. my brother lives 2. work 3. watches 4. doesn't read/does not read 5. doesn't know/does not know 6. cries 7. do you do

3. 1.. Do you work here? - Yes, I do. 2. Does our train leave from platform 2? - No, it doesn't. It leaves from platform 3. 3. Does Peter know Brenda well? - Yes, he does. 4. Do they go to university? - Yes, they do. 5. Does your sister study Economics? - No, she doesn't. She studies Physics. 6. Do you and Fred go to school by bus? - No, we don't. We walk to school. 7. Does Carol practise a lot of sports? - Yes, she does. 8. Does John's father teach English? - No, he doesn't. He teaches Maths.

4. 1. Doesn't Bob study Spanish? No, he doesn't. 2. Do your parents watch a lot of telly? No, they don't. 3. Have you got a boyfriend? Yes, I have. 4. Don't you want to go out? No, I don't. 5. Aren't you thirsty? No, I'm not. 6. Doesn't the post office close at 5 p.m.? No, it doesn't. 7. Are the children hungry? Yes, they are. 8. Has Mrs Stone got a pet? No, she hasn't.

5. 1. Does your sister like dancing? - Yes, she does. She likes it very much. 2. Don't you like pop music? - No, I don't like it very much. 3. Do you like Bob's brother? - Yes, I do. He's/He is very attractive. 4. Doesn't Colin like swimming? - No, he doesn't. He can't swim. 5. Does Brenda like horror films? - No, she doesn't. She hates them. 6. Do your friends like going to the cinema? - Yes, they do. They love it. 7. What do you like doing in your spare time? - I like listening to music and reading.

6. Suggested answers: 1. Look at the sky! What's that? Is that a UFO? 2. I can come with you but first I must finish this letter. Can you wait for me? 3.. Do you like westerns? - No, I don't like them very much. 4.. Peter likes your friend. - But she doesn't like him. 5. I don't like this film very much.

7. Suggested answers: 1. Isn't that Harry over there? 2. Yes, you're right. And who's that girl with him? 3. It's Mabel. She's his cousin. 4. She's very attractive. What does she do? I mean, what's her job? 5. She works for an advertising company. 6. Does she live here in Bath? 7. No, she lives in London. But she comes here to see her parents very often. 8. Do you know her well? Why don't you invite her to your party? 9. You like her, don't you?

Have come verbo di azione

1. 1. I don't have coffee in the morning. 2. Mike doesn't have lunch at home. 3. My father doesn't have a rest after lunch. 4. They don't have a break at 10 o'clock. 5. We don't have dinner at 7. 6. Mrs Reed doesn't have a walk every day.

2. a) 1. have 2.'s got 3. has 4. has 5. 've got 6. have 7. have 8. 's got

b) 3. Does Mrs Calvin have tea at 5 every day? - Yes, she does. 4. Does Miles have a shower every morning? - No, he doesn't. 5. Have they got relatives in Australia? - Yes, they have. 6. Do you have a big breakfast in the morning? - No, I don't. 7. Do you only have a snack at lunchtime? - Yes, I do. 8. Has Sheila got a new boyfriend? - No, she hasn't.

Avverbi di frequenza

1. 1. Paul never gets up early. 2. He always has breakfast at a cafe. 3. He is/He's often late for work. 4. He plays tennis twice a week and (he) goes to the swimming pool once a week. 5. He goes out almost every night/evening. 6. He hardly ever stays at home. 7. He goes to the cinema three times a week. 8. He rarely reads a book. 9. He visits his parents once a month.

2. 1. They're normally on this shelf / Normally they're/ They're... shelf, normally. 2. Which shampoo do you usually get? 3. I always buy this one. 4. I always get it...I can never find… 5. But I sometimes buy / But sometimes I buy / But I buy this one sometimes. 6...their hair frequently. / … who frequently wash… - ... once a week, normally / Normally I don't/ I don't normally wash… 7. How often do you wash your hair? 8. I seldom wait… - and I always put gel… - Do you ever use gel? 9. No, I hardly ever do. - It is always so sticky and I don't usually like / and usually I don't like...

3. 1. often plays the piano 2. never drinks 3. sometimes visits 4. rarely go out 5. We hardly ever eat 6. they don't usually have 7. Do you ever 8. I always have a shower in the morning.

4. Suggested answers: Charles starts work at 9 and finishes at 5.30. He doesn't usually go straight back home after work. Sometimes he goes to a bookshop. He likes looking at books and he buys a lot. In fact he often spends the weekend reading. Twice a week he goes to a gym, to keep fit. But he doesn't practise other sports. He doesn't often watch TV, because he prefers to go out after dinner. He often sees/meets friends or goes to the cinema or to the theatre. When he can, he likes travelling. Next summer he wants to go to China for a month.

Interrogativi (2): which, whose, when, how much/many, how long, how often, why

1. 1. When 2. What 3. Why 4. How much 5. How often 6. Who 7. Which 8. How many 9. How much 10. Which 11. Who 12. Which 13. What 14. Which

2. 1. Whose dog is this? - It's my neighbours'. 2. Whose magazine is this? - It's Waiter's. 3. Whose bicycles are these? - They're ours. 4. Whose suitcase is this? - It's that lady's. 5. Whose gloves are these? - They're Ann's. 6. Whose shoes are these? - They're hers.

3. 1. How much is that (brown) bag? 2. How much money have you got? 3. How do you spell it/that? 4. How do you get/travel to work/school? 5. How much are 6. Whose sunglasses are these/Whose are these sunglasses? 7. How often do you go to the theatre? 8. When/What day does it start? - How long does it last? 9. Why can't you (come)? 10. Whose umbrella is this? /Whose is this umbrella? 11. How often does she go? 12. Why don't you like

4. 1. What does she study (at university)? 2. Why doesn't he like him? 3. Whose (bike) is it? 4. How many (children) have they got? 5. How much does it cost? 6. How long does it last? 7. How often does he travel abroad? 8. What country/Where does she come from?

5. 1. Who do you work for? 2. What are you afraid of? 3. What can I open this tin with? 4. What can we talk about? 5. What is that book about? 6. What do you need a knife for?

6. 1. Where does Hans come from? 2. Who does Sally share a flat with? 3. Who can I/we speak to? 4. What is she worried about? 5. What is he interested in? 6. Who does that castle belong to? 7. Who is this letter from? 8. What (kind of) music do you usually listen to? 9. Who do you usually play tennis with?

Alcune preposizioni di tempo - Alcune preposizioni di luogo

1. 1. in 2. on 3. at 4. on 5. during – at 6. at / on 7. in - in 8.on - on 9. at -at - at

2. 1. at 2. from - from - in 3. in - in 4. at - X 5. in 6. to 7. at - to 8. X 9. to 10. in - to 11. to 12. at - to

3. 1. near - next to 2. on - under 3. in the middle 4. opposite - in front of 5. over - on the left 6. against - on the right 7. between - opposite 8. in front of behind

Presente progressivo

1. 1. 's/is sitting - is studying 2. 's/is making - 's/is putting 3. 's/is lying - is talking 4. are playing - are quarrelling/quarrelling 5. 's/is smoking - is watching 6. 's/is running - is barking

2. 1. Are you doing your homework? - No, I'm not. I'm writing a letter. 2. Is Sue crying? - Yes, she is. 3. Are Jim and David swimming in the pool? - No, they aren't/they're not. They're/They are

sunbathing. 4. Is Jason still sleeping? - No, he isn't/he's not. He's/He is having a shower. 5. Are you queuing/queuing for the tickets? - Yes, we are/I am. 6. Are the tourists getting on the coach? - No, they aren't/they're not. They're / They are getting off the coach.

3. 1. 's/is sending - sends 2. does this flat belong - 's/is living 3. are you cooking - 'm/am making - Do you like – love 4. don't want - 'm/am staying – want 5. 're/are having 6. 'm/am calling - don't know 7. wears - 's/is wearing 8. Do you like - prefer - Haven't you got/Don't you have 9. are you doing - 'm/am looking - Do you want 10. 's/is not raining

I numerali cardinali - L'ora

1. 1. thirteen - seventeen - thirty 2. ninety-nine - nineteen - eighty 3. forty -five two hundred 4. seventy-seven - eleven - seven 5. eighteen - nought – nought 6. twenty thousand and twelve - two - forty thousand and twenty-four

2. 1. b) d) 2. c) 3. c) 4. b) 5. a) c) 6. c)

3. 1. one/a hundred and thirty-nine 2. four hundred and forty-four 3. five thousand and nineteen 4. a / one thousand and fifty-six 5. one thousand one hundred and twenty 6. seventeen thousand 7. two million six hundred thousand 8. five point five 9. three point oh six 10. nought/zero point seven four 11. zero degrees centigrade 12. two euros (and) ninety-nine (cents) 13. sixty-two euros (and) seventy (cents) 14. eighty-four cents 15. a / one hundred euros

4. a) 1. a) d) 2. b) d)

b) 1. dozens of 2. dozen 3. million 4. Thousands of 5. thousand 6. hundreds of

5. 1. It's twenty-five (minutes) past three. 2. It's (a) quarter past nine. 3. It's half past eleven. 4. It's (a) quarter to one. 5. It's five (minutes) to seven. 6. It's twelve minutes past five. 7. It's twenty (minutes) past seven. 8. It's twenty-five (minutes) to nine. 9. It's twelve (o' clock)/It's midday. 10. It's twenty (minutes) to ten. 11 . It's half past eight.

6. 1. It's two forty-five p.m. 2. It's one twenty a.m. 3. It's five ten a.m. 4. It's five fifty p.m. 5. It's eight eighteen a.m. 6. It's ten forty p.m. 7. It's eight fifteen p.m. 8. It's seven thirty-five p.m. 9. It's six thirty a.m. 10. It's twelve thirty a.m. 11. It's ten fifteen a.m.

7. Suggested answers: 1. What time is it? - It's twenty (minutes) past ten/ten twenty. 2. What time does the concert start? - At half past seven/seven thirty. 3. How long does the lesson last? - Three quarters of an hour. 4. Our train leaves in half an hour. 5. The film lasts two and a half hours. 6. The show lasts an hour and a half/one and a half hours. 7. What time is it by your watch?/does your watch say? - Three thirty/Half past three. But my watch is fast.

I numeri ordinali - La data

1. 1. 8th February = the eighth of February 2. 12th December = the twelfth of December 3. 31st August = the thirty-first of August 4. 3rd April = the third of April 5. 22nd June = the twenty-second of June 6. 5th May = the fifth of May

2. 1. GB = the fourteenth of June nineteen forty 2. US = July the twenty-second nineteen hundred and eight/hundred oh eight 3. GB = the twenty-fifth of March nineteen ninety 4. GB = the thirteenth of January nineteen hundred 5. US = December the twenty-first two thousand and five 6. US = May the thirtieth nineteen sixty-five

3. Henry the eighth - the sixteenth century from fifteen oh nine/fifteen hundred and nine to fifteen forty-seven.

Elizabeth the first - the sixteenth century from fifteen fifty-eight to sixteen oh three/sixteen hundred and three.

Victoria - the nineteenth century – from eighteen thirty-seven to nineteen oh one/nineteen hundred and one.

Comunicazione

1. a) 1. b) c) d) 2. a) c) 3.. b) - b) 4. b) c)

b) 1. Hi, Jean 2. Hello, Mary. Nice to see you. 3. How are you? 4. Fine, thanks. And you? 5. Not bad. This is my brother Paul. 6. Hello. Nice to meet you.

2. Mr C: Has she? What's his name? Mrs C: (His name's) Wilkie Porter. Mr C: And how old is he? Mrs C: He's 23 (years old). Mr C: Where is he from? Mrs C: He's from South Africa. Mr C: What does he do?/What's his job? Mrs C: He's an air steward.

3. 1. Excuse me - That's all right. 2. I'm (awfully) sorry - Never mind. 3. Excuse me - You're welcome. 4. Sorry - doesn't matter.

4. 1. please - love some 2. Would you like please - love one 3. Would you like some - thank you/thanks 4. Would you like some – Thanks / Thank you 5. e 6.: risposta libera

5. a) e b) 1. Do you like...? - Yes, I do./No, I don't/I love it/Not very much. 2. Would you like...? - I'd love to, but I'm busy this afternoon. / No, thanks. 3. Would you like...? - Yes, please./No, thanks. 4. Do you like...? - Yes, I do./No, I don't/I love it/Not very much. 5. Do you like...? - Yes, I do./No, I don't/Not very much. 6. Would you like...? - Yes, please./Yes, please. I'd love one./No, thanks. 7. Would you like...? -I'd love to, but I'm busy this afternoon./I'd love to. Where is it?/No, thanks. 8. Do you like...? - Yes, I do./No, I don't./ I love it/Not very much.

6. 1. This is - Is that -it is/speaking 2. This is - speaking 3. that 4. This is/It's 5. Is that - this is - This is/It's

IL VERBO E LA FRASE

1 - Riassunto di regole base sulla frase inglese

1. 1. They spend all their weekends in the country. 2. I go to London by train twice a week. 3. Read the instructions very carefully. 4. She speaks three languages very well. 5. I like cycling very much. 6. There were a lot of people at the theatre last night. 7. We often go to the cinema with our friends. 8. There aren't many things to do here in the evening. 9. Yesterday William.../William was at the pub with his colleagues yesterday. 10. We can meet in front of the theatre at 7.30. 11. I play tennis very badly. 12. Robert is watching the news on TV at the moment. / At the moment...

2. 1. They aren't/are not having dinner now. 2. Do you always go to a disco on Saturday? 3. Can you take the car to the mechanic tomorrow morning? 4. This pen doesn't/does not write. Have you got another one? 5. You mustn't/must not put your feet on the sofa. 6. George doesn't/does not usually come home before 8 in the evening. 7. Hasn't/Has not Frances got a driving licence? 8. Doesn't/Does not Peter like watching football? 9. What do you usually have for breakfast? 10. What's/is Mandy doing? She's/is showing her photograph album to her friend. 11. I mustn't/must not forget to answer Andrew's letter. 12. Can't/ Cannot you stay another couple of days?

3. 1. Who owns this place? 2. Who knows her? 3. How many people live in the house? 4. Who takes care of the house? 5. Where do they live? In that... 6. So, who lives in that cottage? 7. Who does that motorbike belong to? To the... 8. Didn't you say (that) she is/was old?

4. 1. Who loves jazz music? - Who doesn't like it? 2. Who made a cake? - Who did she make a cake for? 3. How many people died? - How did they die? 4. Who wants something to drink? - What does the child want? 5. Whose bike did you borrow? 6. Which restaurant did you go to? 7. What happened last night? When did it happen? 8. Which bus goes the station?

5. 1. Can you? - can 2. do 3. is - 'm not/isn't - am 4. have 5. don't 6. Are you? 7. have - hasn't/haven't - has

8. do - doesn't/don't - does 9. Do you? - do 10. 'm not - are/am - aren't

6. 1. him 2. me 3. us 4. We were 5. She can 6. They have 7. He does

7. 1. I suppose not. 2. I'm afraid not. 3. I'm afraid so. 4. I think so. 5. hope so. 6. hope so, too. 7. I don't think so. 8. hope not.

2 - Il presente

Presente semplice - Presente progressive

1. 1. 's/is leaving home now. - catches... every morning. 2. 's/is raining hard at the moment. - often rains... 3. 're/are relaxing on the beach today./Today we... - 're/are flying back home tomorrow. / Tomorrow we... 4. are moving to... this month. / This month… - 're not/aren't going on holiday this summer. 5. do you do on Sundays? - are you doing next Sunday? 6. goes to a pub in the evening. - But this evening he's/is staying at home/'s/is staying at home this evening. 7. goes to... twice a week. 8. 'm/am working hard these days. - never work at weekends.

2. 1. 's/is he saying - can't/don't understand 2. 'm/am trying - 're/are making 3. want - don't need 4. are you looking for - Can't/Don't you see 5. Do you know - can't/don't remember 6. Aren't you listening - can't hear 7. 's/is learning - can't/doesn't speak 8. isn't going out - says - doesn't love

3. 1. 's/is doing - does 2. 'm/am not having - don't feel/'m not feeling - have (got)/ 've got 3. are they coming back 4. 's/is staying - 're/are renovating/they renovate 5. leaves - still have / 've still got 6. you doing - 'm/am attending - 'm/am going 7. plays - wants - 's/is playing - 're/are going 8. 's/is arriving - Are you meeting 9. works/'s working/is working - often send ~ 's/is working - 's/is spending 10. 'm/am getting - don't you have 're/are waiting - starts

4. 1. She's/is continually forgetting things. 2. Her dog's/is always coming into our garden. 3. She's/is always trying to be helpful. 4. He's/is always criticizing me. 5. She's/is always buying new clothes. 6. It's/is forever breaking down.

5. 1. 're/are wondering 2. 'm/am writing 3. mean 4. writes 5. 'm/am staying 6. 'm/am getting 7. have (got)/'ve got 8. both come 9. 're/are teaching 10. 'm/am helping 11. have 12. don't do 13. talk 14. play 15. are you doing 16. Do you think 17. 'm/am going 18. Do you want 19. don't need 20. are putting 21. 'm/am even thinking 22. want 23. 're/are doing 24. 're/are coming 25. miss 26. 'm/am dying 27. 'm/am having

6. 1. smells 2. can't smell 3. am just smelling 4. am seeing 5. can't see 6. tastes 7. is tasting 8. think 9. are thinking 10. are having 11. .don't have 12. is being

7. Suggested answers: 1. . Hi, Sally. Where are you going in such a hurry? -I'm going to work. . But it's only 8. Don't you usually start work at 9.30? ~ Yes, but this week I'm starting an hour earlier. 2.. What are you thinking about? - Tom. He is a bit depressed these days. Why don't we phone/call him? . I don't think he's (at) home at this time. 3.. We're seeing Simon and Jill tonight. We're going to have a pizza together. Do you want/Would you like to come, too? -I'd like to, but I don't feel/I'm not feeling very well today.

4. . What's happening over there? Why are all those people running? -I've got/I have no idea. Look! The police are arriving/coming. 5.. When's your flight leaving/When does your flight leave? - At six a.m./six o'clock in the morning. But my father is taking me to the airport. 6. We don't usually go out after supper, but we're going out almost every evening these days because there's a series of very good concerts. 7. It's funny! It's raining today and Mr Smith doesn't have/hasn't got an umbrella. He usually carries an umbrella even when it's sunny.

8. Suggested answers: . I'm going on holiday next week. - Where are you going? . I'm going to Mexico. - Lucky you! Who are you going with? . With Meryl and Hugh. - What about Rupert? Isn't he coming too? . No, he can't. He's working this summer. - I see. How long are you going to stay/are you staying there? . Three weeks. We're coming back at the end of the month.

3 - Il passato

Passato del verbo essere

1. 1. were 2. was 3. were 4. Was 5. was 6. were 7. were 8. was 9. Were 10. weren't 11. wasn't 12. was 13. was 14. was

2. 1. was 2. was 3. has (got)/'s got 4. 's/is 5. 's/is 6. were 7. was 8. was 9. 's / is 10. 's got/has (got) 11. is 12. 's got/has (got) 13. 's/is 14. 's/is 15. wasn't

Passato semplice

1. 1. You tried to copy. . .. during the test. 2. They stayed at home last Sunday. 3. Mathew travelled to Malaysia last month. 4. She stopped... at 3 yesterday. 5. They studied… when they were at high school. 6. He skipped school last Saturday.

2. 1. woke 2. decided 3. switched 4. enjoyed 5. got up 6. had 7. went 8. made 9. sat 10. started 11. heard 12. remembered 13. took 14. went 15. rushed 16. tripped 17. fell 18. managed 19. stopped 20. thought 21. looked 22. saw 23. had 24. wanted 25. tried 26. came 27. changed 28. drank 29. left 30. lived 31. heard 32. hit 33. watched 34. said

3. 1. spent -lost 2. meant – forgot 3. wrote 4. shut - left 5. fell – hurt 6. threw 7. flew 8. ran – missed 9. drove 10. taught 11. mistook - waved 12. won 13. drew 14. lay 15. were - shone 16. cut – stuck 17. bit 18. lent – put 19. swam

4. 1. Did you and Pete enjoy 2. I did, but Pete didn't - didn't like 3. Did you go alone 4. we didn't - came 5. Did you get on 6. did 7. Did you make friends 8. we did - made friends 9. Did you have 10. we did - had 11. Did you feel 12. didn't - did - felt 13. did it cost - did it cost 14. did - cost 15. did the journey last

5. 1. saw - did you see 2. did you buy - bought 3. didn't sleep – slept 4. brought - Did Maggie bring 5. didn't come - came 6. understood - didn't understand 7. didn't eat – ate 8. went - did you go 9. didn't take – took 10. broke - did he break 11. sold - did he sell 12: didn't read - read

6. 1. Did the Vietnam War end... 2. You didn't answer... 3. Does Janice study... 4. We don't often talk... 5. Have the Eastwoods got/Do the Eastwoods have... 6. I didn't have... 7. Did you have... 8. Were you born... 9. Is the electrician coming... 10. Manchester United didn't win. . . 11. Did Helen and Paul get...

12. She didn't understand...

7. 1. When did you meet Mr Turner/him? 2. Who gave you this book? - What did Luke give you? 3. Whose car did they steal? 4. Who found this gold bracelet? Where did she find it/this gold bracelet? 5. How many people got hurt in the accident? 6. How did you travel?

8. 1. Who sent you/us a postcard? - Where did they send it from? 2. Who got frightened? - Who did she call? 3. Who guessed the answer? - Who didn't guess it/the answer? 4. Whose marriage did you go to? 5. Who did you buy a present for? 6. Who did George quarrel with?

Passato progressivo

1. a) 1. was coming out of room 116. 2. was going to the pool. 3. was carrying a camcorder. 4. was lying by the pool 5. was swimming.

b) 3. What was the woman doing? 4. was going into a room. 5. Was she carrying a camcorder? 6. she was carrying a black bag. 7. Was she lying...? 8. she was. - was sunbathing 9. was her boyfriend doing? 10. was taking off..

2. 1. found - was tidying up 2. was carrying - slipped 3. was chopping - cut 4. saw - was walking - crashed - was driving saw - didn't have 5. was planting - was cutting 6. took place - was waiting 7. Did I wake - Were you sleeping - was having

3. 1. While Freddie was fishing in a river, a salmon jumped into his boat./Freddie was fishing. .. when a salmon jumped. . . 2. While I was walking through the woods, I found a big mushroom./I was walking. .. when I found... 3. While Mrs Clarendon was having dinner, a chandelier fell on her head./Mrs Clarendon was having... when a chandelier fell... 4. While Bob was standing under a tree, a flash of lightning nearly hit him. / Bob was standing... when a flash... hit him. 5. While we were driving home, our car broke down./We were driving home when... broke down. 6. While Sam was trying to repair the car, the bonnet fell…/Sam was trying to repair... when the bonnet fell...

4.. 1. was walking 2. heard 3. turned 4. saw 5. started 6. began 7. got 8. was jutting/jutted 9. grabbed 10. let 11. was sniffing/sniffed 12. was shaking/shook 13. looked 14. was waiting 15. was supporting/supported 16. raised 17. noticed 18. were gnawing 19. spotted 20. picked 21 . was

5. Suggested answers: 1. I met an old friend at the airport while I was waiting for my husband. 2. I saw Jenny in town this morning. She was sitting at a/the cafe with a friend, so I had some/a cup of tea with them. 3. It began snowing/to snow last night/yesterday evening and when we got up this morning it was still snowing. I looked out of the window and saw our neighbour (who was) clearing away the snow while his children were playing. 4. . I called you half an hour ago, but you weren't (at) home. - Yes, I was (at) home. Perhaps I was having a shower and I didn't hear the phone. Did you have something/anything important to tell me? 5. I got frightened when I saw that Damon's dog was running towards me. Then I realized that it only wanted to play. 6. How silly! I was looking for my glasses and I didn't realize that I had them on/I was wearing them. 7. What were you and Jack talking about? Were you talking business as usual? 8. I was coming back home late at night when my car broke down.

Used to

1. 1. used to smoke 2. used to be – used to go 3. Did it use to be 4. no change 5. used to be very fit 6. no change

2. 1. Did people use to ride 2. even used to drive 3. Did your father use to have... 4. No, he didn't. - we used to ride... 5. Did he use to take 6. No, he didn't 7. Did your teachers use to be... 8. Did they use to...? 9. What did you use to do... 10. Well, I used to help.. .but I also used to play... 11 . Did you use to have fun?

3. 1. used to wear/wore 2. ran 3. lifted/used to lift 4. used to lower/lowered 5. became 6. used to take off/took off 7. came 8. never joined 4. 1. used to 2. would never/never used to 3. would always/always used to 4. used to/would 5. would/used to 6. used to 7. would frequently/frequently used to 8. would/used to 9. often used to

5. 1. having 2. travel 3. share – living 4. go - going 5. having 6. dealing with - breed

6. 1. b), c) 2. a), c) 3. b), d) 4. c) 5. b), c) 6. a), b)

Passato prossimo - Passato semplice o passato prossimo?

1. 1. Have you ever been late...? 2. Have you ever ridden a horse? 3. Have you ever flown? 4. Have you ever gone sailing? 5. Have you ever taken part...? 6. Have you ever won a prize?

2. 2. Desmond has already finished his dinner, but he hasn't paid the bill yet. 3. Sharon hasn't got on the train yet, but luckily the train hasn't left yet. 4. Mrs Stone has already done the shopping, but she hasn't arrived home yet. 5. Mr Gable has just/already washed the car. He hasn't repaired the roof yet. 6. The teacher has just opened the door. The lesson hasn't begun yet.

3. 1. been 2. gone - been 3. been 4. gone 5. been 6. been - been - gone

4. 1. Have you seen - haven't seen – ran - told 2. 's/has just stepped - left - said 3. Has the package arrived - came - got 4. 've/have made 5. did John Lennon write 6. has Bruce Springsteen written 7. Have you ever heard - haven't - wrote - Was 8. 've/have lost - didn't we listen told 9. didn't hear – overslept 10. have you been - went 11. 's/has stolen - had -left 12. hasn't been - told - phoned

5. 1. you've/have been to this country? 2. I've/have been to a circus. 3. he's/has tried. 4. she's/has spoken in front of an audience. 5. she's/has ridden a horse. 6. I've/have caught

6. 1. I've/have scratched... - How did you scratch it? I slipped... 2. Have you seen... - Yes(, I have) - When did you see it? 3. There was... Did you see it? - No (, I didn't.) I watched - I've/have already seen it. - But I didn't like it at all. 4. I've/have just come back from my holidays. - Where have you been? - How long did you stay there? - Who did you go with? -I went - We went... - I've/have never been... - What was it like? Did you have a good time? 5. Have you ever been... - I attended... When did you graduate?

7. 1. did you do 2. He has 3. did you buy 4. Your mother called 5. I've/have travelled/traveled 6. you ever been 7. did you start 8. has just gone out.

8. 1. was 2. I had 3. I did 4. Have you ever been 5. I only spent 6. I didn't see 7. it was 8. it has changed 9. have only gone 10. did you go 11. I've heard 12. I was 13. we drove 14. I saw 15.looked 16. you've reached 17. I've ever seen 18. went 19. Did you go 20. it was 21. I didn't pay 22. cost 23. it was

9. 1. have tried 2. believed 3. interpreted/have interpreted 4. have offered 5. proposed 6. were 7. revealed 8. have considered 9. gets rid 10. suggest/have suggested 11. understood 12. characterised

13. found 14. takes place 15. move 16. becomes 17. increases 18. appears 19. dream

10. 1. Didn't you have 2. did you buy - cost - did you pay 3. composed 4. 's/has composed - 's/has never attended 5. 've/have met - met - had - didn't recognize 6. Didn't you hear - said 's/has just gone out 7. Have you seen 've/have built/built - saw – went 8. hasn't/has not arrived - said - 's/has probably missed/probably missed 've/have changed - Have you checked/Did you check 9. 's/has happened/happened - 's/has been happened - entered - threatened managed - raised – came 10. 's/has had - 's/has had - didn't get hurt - took

11. Suggested answers: 1. Have you read James's letter yet? - No, I haven't read it yet. What does it say? Has he found a flat or is he still living with his relatives? - He found a flat two weeks ago. He says that if we go to New York he can put us up. 2. Molly went out/left early this morning and she hasn't come back home yet. I called her office two hours ago, but she wasn't there. 3. We've visited many countries, but we've never been to Greece. Have you ever been there? - Yes, lots/a lot of times. We went last summer, too. 4.. Did you like the book I lent you? - I haven't read it yet. I'm sorry. I've been very busy recently/lately. I started it last night, but I was so tired that I only read one page and then I fell asleep. 5. I've just bought this camera. - Why did you buy it/one? Haven't you got/Don't you have one already? - Yes, but it doesn't work very well. In fact, last time I used it, it didn't work at all. 6.. Who broke this plate? Did you break it, Jimmy? - No, the cat broke it. - The cat's at grandmother's (place). I took it there this morning because we're leaving tomorrow. 7. I've just locked myself out. It's the second time it's/has happened to me this month.

Forma di durata

1. 1. I've/have lived on this island for 20 years - since I was born. 2. I've/have known him for a long time - since he came to England. 3. he's/has been there for a week - since last week. 4. she's/has had it for a month - since 1st September. 5. I haven't seen her for ages - since she got married. 6. it's/has been very bad for the past three days - since Friday

2. 1. Have they been engaged long? 've/have only been engaged for 2. has he been - (He's been there) since

3. she's been there since 4. have you had it - 've/have only had it for 5. haven't slept for 6. Has he been out of work long? - 's/has been out of work since/hasn't worked since

3. 1. haven't had - think - need - Didn't you go - took - worked 2. haven't had - left - promised - keeps 3. has - 's/has had - doesn't want - went 4. lived - came back - opened - 's/has had 5. 's/has lived - doesn't intend 6. took - hasn't practised 7. works - 's/has worked - got 8. doesn't drive - hasn't driven - had lives - run 9. taught - did he teach 10. speak - have you been – came started - love

4. 1. Have you had this cough for long/for a long time? 2. They have known each other for a long time. 3. I haven't been here (for) long. 4. They've been engaged for a long time. 5. Has your father worked for that firm (for) long/for a long time? 6. After they quarrelled they didn't speak to each other for a long time.

7. We haven't had any news from him for a long time.

It is... since

1. 1. It's/is ages since we (last) went to the theatre. 2. How long is it since Laura and Wait got married? 3. It's/is a year since I (last) ate meat. 4. It's/is a year since we (last) had news from him. 5. It's/is two years since they got divorced. 6. It's/is three hours since James went out. 7. It's/is years since she (last) went to a doctor. 8. It's/is six months since I stopped smoking. 9. How long is it since you (last) saw your brother? 10. How long is it since you started practising yoga?

2. 1. I haven't played tennis for ages./llast played tennis ages ago. 2. He hasn't visited us for three years./He last visited us three years ago. 3. They only moved here two months ago. 4. My grandfather died ten years ago./My grandfather has been dead for ten years. 5. They left two days ago. 6. The volcano erupted a year ago.

Passato prossimo progressive

1. 1. has he been sleeping? 2. they've/have been studying 3. she's/has been talking on the phone 4. Has he been teaching there 5. 's/has been raining 6. has she been studying it/German?

2. 1. haven't been waiting 2. haven't paid 3. 've/have been walking 4. 've/have only known - 've/have already decided 5. 've/have never seen - haven't worn - have you had 6. 've/have been renting - I've/have rented - 've/have raised 7. 's/has loved - 's/has become - 's/has been travelling/traveling 8. 've/have been repairing - haven't/have not finished

3. 1. Jack started having guitar lessons 2 years ago. 2. We arrived three days ago. 3. How long have you had this motorbike? 4. He went out three hours ago. 5. The jazz band only began playing a quarter of an hour ago. 6. They've/have been abroad since 1989. 7. He hasn't worked since he inherited all that money. 8. The plane left twenty minutes ago.

4. 1. I've known Esther for six months. 2. He's/has been to London three times. 3. I've been studying/I've studied English since... 4. I spoke to Mary a minute ago. 5. I haven't used my computer since last week... 6. This is the second time I've seen this film. 7. Frances has been working on the report since... 8. We haven't spoken to each other for years. 9. Have you ever flown before? 10. Has the mechanic fixed your car yet? 11. How long have you lived/have you been living here? 12. When did you meet Sandra?/When did you and Sandra meet each other? 13. They came back a month ago. 14. It's two years since I (last) went to England.

5. 1. You look tired. - I've been studying history. - How many pages have you read? - (I've read) 20 pages. 2. You've got paint on your hair. - I've been decorating the flat. - How many rooms have you decorated/done? -I've done 2 rooms. 3. You look hot. - I've been playing tennis. - How many games have you played? - (I've played) 3 games. 4. You've got oil on your T-shirt. - I've been frying fish. - How many fish have you fried? - (I've fried) 10 fish. 5. - You look dirty. - I've been tidying up the attic. - Have you finished yet? - No, I haven't finished yet. / No, not yet.

6. 1. (a) What have you been doing here? (b) Look what you've/have done! You've/have broken the teapot. 2. (a) I've/have been working a lot recently. (b) I've/have worked enough for today. 3. (a) Have you been eating chocolates again? (b) Who's/has eaten all the chocolates? 4. (a)You've/have already played... (b) That boy's/has been playing his trumpet all afternoon. 5. (a) Where have you been hiding? We've/have been looking for you everywhere. (b) Where have you hidden the chequebook? I've/have looked everywhere but I can't...

7. 1. 's/has been going through/has gone through 2. 've/have been doing - 've/have cut - 've/have trimmed - 've/have planted 3. 've/have been drinking 've/have only drunk 4. 's/has been raining 5. 's/has been using 6. haven't been playing/haven't played - 've/have only just started - 've/have been studying 7. 's/has been complaining - 's/has been working 8. 've/have been looking - haven't found

8. Suggested answers: 1. Do you remember me? 2. I haven't seen you for at least ten years. (anche It's at least ten years since I last saw you./since I saw you last.) 3. You haven't changed a bit! 4. You haven't either! (anche Neither/Nor have you!) Are you still teaching… / Do you still teach... 5. I've been retired since last year. 6. I've been working for an art gallery for some months. 7. Now tell me (something) about you. 8. I know (that) you went to Cambridge... 9. but what have you done/what have you been doing since then? 10. I got married 11. How long have you been married? 12. For seven years. 13. I can't believe it! 14. I remember you didn't like him when you were students. 15. That was a long time ago. 16. Why don't you come and visit us?

9. Suggested answers: 1. I've been working all day and I haven't finished yet. 2. The show started 10 minutes ago. 3. How long have you had a beard? You didn't have a beard last time we met. 4. Gerald has been away since the beginning of the month. He's coming/He'll be back next week. 5. I lived in France till I was 20 (years old). Now I'm living/I live in Italy. I've been living/I've lived here for more than/for over ten years now. 6.. How long is it since you (last) saw Brian? It's about two years. - I last saw him when he got married. 7.. You're home at last. What have you been doing all afternoon? -I've been shopping. Look what I've bought (for) you. A sweater. Do you like it? 8. You're panting. Have you been running?

Trapassato

1. 1. came - hadn't finished 2. had only slept 3. had just spoken – called 4. went - was - had seen 5. set off was - started - hadn't taken - decided arrived - had stopped – was

2. 1. had already done 2. was 3. was 4. had managed 5. rang 6. apologized 7. said 8. had fallen 9. meant/had meant 10. had got 11. couldn't 12. was 13. had gone 14. hadn't come back 15. had probably missed

16. thought 17. came 18. complimented 19. said 20. looked 21. had eaten 22. had gone 23. had only come

3. 1. arrived 2. fell 3. dreamt/dreamed 4. had devastated 5. (had) caused 6. woke up/had woken up 7. described 8. became 9. had not happened 10. lost 11. arrived 12. had exploded 13. had died 14. had only made

Trapassato progressivo

1. 1.' d/had always trusted - discovered 'd/had been lying 2. 'd/had been looking - found - had been 3. had he had finally called 4. hadn't eaten 5. hadn't been sleeping - woke up - had had/'d had - had dreamt/had dreamed - had been burning - 'd/had got 6. began/had begun - 'd/had been sitting - wasn't'd/had got 7. 'd/had been sailingstarted - got - ' d/had never been

2. 1. How long had you been trying... before you managed...? 2. How long had your companion been lying... the helicopter spotted him? 3. How long had you been waiting... rescue team reached you?

4. How long was it/had it been since you last made/had last made...? 5. How long had you been training...?

3. 1. had lived/had been living 2. had never hurt 3. had left/had been leaving 4. was wandering/had been wandering 5. had been lying 6. got 7. thought 8. didn't want 9. lived 10. decided 11. hid 12. rode 13. hesitated 14. asked 15. got on 16. rode 17. was helping 18. fell off 19. realised 20. had been riding/had ridden 21. brought

4. Suggested answers: 1 . We had been walking all day and (we) were dead tired. We had walked for at least 25 km. 2. We'd been working for three hours when John suggested taking a break. 3. Yesterday I met a friend (that) I hadn't seen since I finished university. 4. It was a fantastic holiday. I hadn't had such a good time for years. 5. Cindy had gone to bed early. Suddenly she woke up: she had dreamt that she was about to fall. Then she realized she had gone downstairs: evidently she had been walking in her sleep.

4 Il futuro

Be going to

1. a) 1. 's/is going to answer the phone. 2. 're/are going to steal some apples. 3. 's/is going to cross the street.

4. 's/is going to rain. 5. 's/is going to sit on a bench.

b) 2.The children were going to steal. . . when the farmer came. 3. The woman was going to cross. ..when a boy grabbed her bag. 4. It was going to rain, so we decided... 5. The old man was going to sit… when he read the sign...

2. 1., Mr Robertson is going to hire a detective. 2. The Browns were going to move... 3. What are you going to do? 4. They are going to pull down... 5. How long are you going to stay away? 6. …wasn't he going to look for... 7. Albert was going to get married... 8. What are you going to give... - I was going to buy...

3. 1. Are you going (to go) - 'm/am going to do 2. 's/is going to cut 3. 's/is going to overturn 4. 'm/am not waiting/going to wait 5. 's/is arriving - 's/is going to meet or 's/is meeting - Are you going (to go) - is she staying/is she going to stay 6. 're/are going to have 7. 'm/am going to hang 8. 's/is going to fall 9. I'm/am not speaking/not going to speak 10. 're/are going to miss 11. is having 12. 's/is going to have

Futuro con will

1. 1. I'm sure you'll/will enjoy the trip. 2. We'll/will/shall probably leave next week. 3. What will life be like in the future? 4. Will this war ever end? 5. I don't expect he'll/will keep his promise. 6. Perhaps we won't / shan't find much traffic at this time. 7. Do you think your friend will mind sleeping on a sofa bed? 8. The centre of town will be closed to traffic starting from next week./Starting from next week...

2. 1. He'll be back in the afternoon. - I'll call back later. 2. I'll get a taxi. -1'11 give you a lift home. 3. I'll see you to the door. 4. I won't be long. 5. I'll send you out of the room. - We'll keep quiet. 6. I won't forget.

3. 1. The flight will probably be cancelled/Probably the flight will be... 2. I probably won't be able… / Probably I won't be able... 3. The weather probably won't get better/Probably the weather won't... 4. Anyway I don't think it will rain again. 5. They'll certainly be surprised to see you. 6. Sam definitely won't change' his mind. 7. I don't think Mary will be happy about this. 8. John will probably join us later/Probably John will join... .

4. 1. are you doing 2. leaves 3. is about to start 4. I'll go and see 5. they'll understand 6. I'll take it 7. She's working 8. is going to fall 9. I'll make

5. 1. Is Alice going to work - 'll/will work - isn't going to live (also wasn't going to live) 2. 'll lend - are you going to play/are you playing 3. Are you going to walk - 'll get 4. 'll mend 5. 'm/am going to mend

6. 'll be - 'll call 7. 's/is going to collapse 8. 's/is going to give 9. won't tell 10. isn't going (to go) out - is 11. 'll/will take you/it's going to take you - 'll/will probably take 12.'s not/isn't going to get married - 'll/will get married 13. Are they going to buy/Are they buying 14. Are you having/Are you going to have 15. leaves - 'll/will get 16. Will scientists be able 17. It's/is going to snow 18. 'm/am going to do - 'll only iron - 'll leave 19. 'll see/'m seeing 20. are coming

Futuro progressivo - Futuro anteriore

1. 1. I'll be skiing in the Dolomites. 2. I'll be wearing dark glasses and a white scarf. 3. she'll be moving in. 4. she'll be celebrating with her friends. 5. What will I be doing...?

2. 1. Will you be going... 2. What will you be wearing... 3. Will you be seeing... 4. I won't/shan't be using... 5. How long will you be staying... 6. 'll/will/shall be leaving... - we'll/will/shall be visiting... - we'll / will / shall be doing a lot of walking - we won't/shan't be having... - in the afternoon we'll/will/shall be doing... we'll/will/shall be spending... - we'll/will/shall be camping

3. 1. 'll/will have finished 2. 'll/will have already started 3. 'll/will have forgotten 4. 'll/will have received 5. 'll/will have arrived 6. 'll/will have gone

4. 1. he'll have been sailing 2. he'll have been fasting 3. I'll have been teaching 4. she'll have been living

5. 1. 'll/will/shall be flying 2. Will there be 3. 'll/will probably be 4. will have already reached 5. will be waiting 6. 'll/will have already found out 7. 'll/will be studying 8. 'll/will have already had 9. Will you be stopping off/(Will you stop off) 10. 'll/will be wondering/'ll have been wondering 11. Will you try 12. 'll/will be able 13. 'll/will have been working

Imperativo e modi di esprimere proposte

1. 1. Let's - Let's not/(Don't let's) 2. Let's not/(Don't let's) - Let's 3. Let's not/(Don't let's) 4. Let's not/(Don't let's) - Let's 5. Let's

2. 1. Let's 2. don't we 3. What about/How about 4. about going 5. Shall we/Why don't we

3. 1. about going - Let's have/Let's take - How/What about 2. about going -let's go -let's not 3. How/What about - Let's - Shall we/Why don't we - Let's - don't we ask/not ask 4. Shall we/Why don't we - Let's

4. 1. will you? 2. will you? 3. won't you? 4. shall we? 5. won't you? 6. will you? 7. shall we? 8. will you?

5. Suggested answers:

1. 1. - Shall we go/How about going/What about going to the cinema tonight/this evening? 2. There are a lot of very good films on these days. 3. OK, let's (go). What's on at the Olympia? 4. It's two blocks from here. 5. There's "3-Iron" by Kim Ki-duk. 6. Fine. Let's go and see that. I like that director very much'! I really like that director. 7. Shall we go before or after dinner/supper? 8. I'd rather go now! / I'd prefer to go now. 9. I'm always sleepy after dinner/supper.

2. 1 . Why don't we go to a disco tomorrow night? 2. No, let's not/(don't let's) go to a disco. 3. I don't like dancing very much. 4. How about/What about going to listen to some music instead? 5. There's a good concert at the Barbican Centre. 6. Yes, but what about the tickets? 7. Let's go there early. And if there are no tickets/there aren't any tickets, we can go to a pub.

6 - Il congiuntivo e il condizionale

Il congiuntivo

1. 1. got up - tidied your room 2. we got rid of it - we bought a new one 3. you washed it - you minded your own business

2. 1. he should see/he saw/he sees 2. we should stay/we stayed/we stay 3. should be taken/are taken/be taken 4. she should be/she is 5. she should feel/she feels 6. you should be 7. they should always complain / they always complain about...

Il condizionale

1. 1. would feel 2. would be 3. would never live 4.. would accept 5. Would you travel- wouldn't - wouldn't have - wouldn't like

2. 1. wouldn't have been 2. would have enjoyed 3. wouldn't have succeeded 4. wouldn't have remembered. 5. could have made 6. would have liked 7. could have lent

3. 1. should have 2. could have 3. shouldn't have been 4. couldn't have arrived 5. should have invited

4. 1. I'd/would rather not go out - I'd/would rather go to bed... 2. Would you rather be - I'd/would rather be 3. I'd/would rather not leave/we didn't leave 4. I'd/would rather you called 5. I'd/would rather we met in the afternoon 6. I'd/would rather they didn't

7 - L'infinito e la forma in –ing

L'infinito

1. 1.a 2.b 3.a 4.a 5.b, d 6.c 7. b 8.b, c

2. 1.a, d 2.a, c, d 3.a 4.b, c 5.a, c 6.a, b 7.b

3. 1. try (to) 2. used to. 3.'d prefer not to - have to. 4. didn't want to/doesn't want to. 5.'d love to 6. wasn't able to. 7. meant to 8. afford to.

La forma in –ing

1. 1. be 2. relax 3. sightseeing 4. cycling - ride 5. sailing - to come 6. walk 7. repeating 8. skating 9. to play 10. take an aspirin 11. windsurfing 12. running 13. to go dancing - dancing 14. fishing - fishing 15. going

16. telling 17. playing 18. being 19. flying - to become

2. 1. After watching the news, he switched... 2. Besides being boring, the film... 3. ...your decision without telling me anything. 4. Instead of phoning them, we.../We wrote them a letter instead of phoning. 5. On hearing the fire alarm, she... 6. On waking up, she... 7. ... breath before jumping/Before jumping, he took...

3. 1. She managed to attract our attention by waving her hand. 2. I stuck the two pieces together by using this glue. 3. They helped him... by throwing him a rope.4weight by going on a diet. 5. You operate the machine by pulling this lever.

4. 3. Finding the field...the extraterrestrial landed there. 4. Seeing/Having seen... Miles went... 5. Noticing / Having noticed... the extraterrestrial approached him.6. Hearing/Having heard.., Miles's parents went... 7. Being very worried, they started... 8. Seeing.., Miles was afraid... 9. Not finding/Not having found.., he jumped... 10. Thinking..., the extraterrestrial activated... 11. Having made.., Miles wasn't scared. 12. Being very young, Miles...

8 - Formule di interazione

Question tags

1. 1.haven't we? - we have - aren't you? – I am - didn't we? 2. were you? - weren't - didn't we? - didn't 3. isn't it? - it is are you? - I am 4. did she? - she didn't - have they?

2. 1. is it? 2. don't they? 3. didn't he? 4. are there? 5. hasn't she? 6. doesn't he? 7. have they? 8. aren't I?/am I not? 9. do you? 10. can't she? 11. wouldn't he?

3. 1. Am I? - Is it? 2. Didn't you? - Did it? Was there? 3. Does she? - Can't she? Couldn't she?

4. He hasn't, has he? - It isn't, is it? - He didn't, did he? - They weren't, were they? - They aren't, are they?

5.1. Neither/Nor do I. 2. So do I. 3. So did I. 4. So did I. 5. So have I. 6. So does mine. 7. So must I.

8. Neither/Nor can I. 9. So am I.

6. a) 1. Neither/Nor was I. 2. So did I./I did, too. 3. Neither/Nor could I./I couldn't either. 4. Neither/Nor do I./I don't either. 5. Neither/Nor will I./I won't either.

b) 1. So do we. 2. So are we./We are (staying there), too. 3. Neither/Nor have we./We haven't either. 4. So did we./We did, too. 5. Neither/Nor did we./We didn't either. 6. So would we./We would, too.

Esclamativi e forme enfatiche

1. 1. What a thick wood. - What tall trees. What frightening sounds. 2. What a lot of people. - What a busy street. 3. What lovely weather. - What a warm day. - What nice cafes. 4. What a lot of traffic. - What big lorries. - What a congested motorway.

2. 1. such a quiet place! 2. such an embarrassing situation! 3. such a boring film! 4. such a brilliant student. 5. such a lot of money.

3. 1. What a pity you can't come. 2. It was such surprising news. 3. We had such an awful time. 4. What a fool I was. 5. He's such a liar. 6. What a big house you have. 7. What a (terrible) mess you've made. 8. It was such a strange coincidence.

4. 1. such a 2. such a 3. such a lot of/so many 4. so 5. such a lot of/so much 6. What a lot of 7. How 8. such 9.such 10. What a

5. 1. How unfriendly they were! 2. How well Joan sings! 3. How frightened they got! 4. How sad the house is when...! 5. How things have changed since...! 6. How comfortable this armchair is!

6. 1. What a surprise! 2. were 3. Did 4. What good news! 5. have I 6. such a beautiful country! 7. Didn't you like/love/enjoy 8. did 9. Neither/Nor did I / I didn't either 10. I do hope/I really hope 11. you will 12. are they 13. I suppose not 14. how late 15. it is, isn't it? 16. Yes, I will.

7. Suggested answers: 1. . I don't like skiing very much. - Don't you? I love it./ I like it very much. . But I like swimming. - So do I. 2.. What a lot of traffic lights! And they're all red. - Don't worry. I'm sure we'll arrive/'II get there in time. . I hope so. 3. . Next month I'm going to China. - You aren't, are you?/Are you really? . I want to learn Chinese. - You've already attended a course, haven't you? . Yes, but I didn't learn/haven't learnt much. It's such a difficult language. 4.. There's a bus strike tomorrow. - What a nuisance! I'll have to go to the office by car/to drive to the office. 5. What a lot of postcards! Who are you sending them to?

8. 1. It was Nick who said that. 2. It's on Saturday that we're leaving. 3. It was Mr Clark's secretary that I informed. 4. It was in Spain that we met. 5. It's my glasses that I'm looking for. 6. It was the children who made all this mess. 7. It was two years ago that it happened. 8. It's Sue and Mark who can't stay till the end.

9. 1. I did tell you. 2. She did enjoy it. 3. I do appreciate... 4. he did mean to. 5. he does help... 6. I do read sometimes.

9 - Il passivo

La frase passiva

1. 1. This digital camera is made in South Korea. 2. The first paperback book was published by Penguin in 1935. 3. The book wasn't returned to the library. 4. Was the Picasso painting stolen? 5. A solution must be found as quickly as possible. 6. The damage cannot be repaired. 7. He wasn't/was not informed. 8. Were all the suspects arrested? 9. This medicine should be taken three times a day. 10. That report wasn't written by me. 11 . The play will be performed only once. 12. Meals are not provided during the flight.

2. 1. Who was "AI ice in Wonderland" written by? - Who was it/"Alice in Wonderland" written for? 2. What is this instrument used for? 3. Who were those pyramids built by? 4. Who was this picture drawn by? 5. What was he hit with? 6. Who were you treated by? - How were you treated?

3. 1. The climbers have been rescued. They are being taken to hospital 2. The road has been closed to traffic. The rock is being removed. 3. The play has been performed. The curtain is being drawn.

4. The window pane has been broken. The boys are being punished now. 5. The tent hasn't been put up yet. It's/is being put up now.

4. 1. has - being - were 2. 's/has - 's / has's / has been 3. hasn't been 4. had 5. hadn't been 6. has/'s - have been 've / have 7. being 8. being – has 9. have

5. 1. A lady has been run over by a car. 2. We're/are being watched. 3. The case will have to be re-examined. 4. Tim has been bitten by a dog... 5. We ought to have been warned... 6. ...the table hadn't been laid yet. 7. The bill hasn't been paid yet. 8. Your bike is being stolen (by that man). 9. The town was being evacuated... 10. The house was still being decorated... 11. A new model is going to be put... 12. A doctor has already been sent for. 13. Everything will be taken care of by our... 14. You never listen when you're/are spoken to. 15. The matter is being looked into by an inspector.. .

6. 1. Dracula hasn't been seen... 2. strange noises were heard. . . 3. It was predicted that he would be woken up by the howl. . . 4. a wolf was heard howling... 5. Garlic is being put on front doors. 6. iron bars have already been put on the windows. 7. The doors are being barred.. . 8. you will be followed by the shadow. .

Costruzioni passive personali e impersonali

1.1. We'd/had been told that...2. were welcomed. 3. were shown round... 4. were offered something to eat...

5. were asked a lot of questions. 6. were also asked for... 7. were given some souvenirs. 8. were taught a few words... by the only person who...

2. 1. I was promised a reward. 2. Weren't you told that...? 3. Have you been sent the extracts...? 4. First we were told we didn't need a visa/a visa wasn't needed and now we're/are being told we need one. 5. You'll / will be shown the documentary... 6. We'll/will/shall be requested to leave... 7. You'll/will be given a reply by post. 8. I was given your name by Miss O'Sullivan. 9: I've been asked to leave... 10. Children shouldn't be told... 11. I was taught how to... by my Brazilian friend. 12. We weren't/were not granted any discount. 13. Haven't you been offered anything yet? 14. You may be told strange stories...

3. 1. dislikes being criticized. 2. like being stroked. 3. loves being admired. 4. hate being ignored (by people). 5. stand being given orders.

4. 1. door doesn't open 2. iron 3. sold 4. needs cutting/to be cut 5. be told what... 6. be done 7. being invited.

8. being burnt in a fire...

5. 1. The fugitive is supposed to be armed. 2. We are said to be in for a cold winter. 3. Three people are reported to have lost their lives... 4. We're/are expected to be landing in half an hour. 5. The disease is believed to be caused by a virus. 6. Being left-handed was once thought to be a deficiency. 7. The area was known to be/have been dangerous. 8. The rate of inflation is expected to go up again. 9. A ghost is said to be haunting that castle./That castle is said to be haunted by a ghost.

6. Suggested answers: 1. English is spoken all over the world. 2. A new bridge is being built. 3. I was sent/I have been sent a strange message. 4. The ceremony will be held tomorrow afternoon. 5. Who was the aeroplane invented by? 6. Breakfast is being served. 7. My appointment has been postponed. 8. We had been told that it was a good hotel, but we didn't like it at all. 9. It is believed that some form of life exists on Mars. / Some form of life is believed to exist on Mars. 10. It is reported that at least 30 people (have) died because of the bombings. / At least 30 people are reported to have died because...

10 - Frasi subordinate

Futuro in frasi subordinate

1. 1. have time 2. come/have come to a decision 3. 's/is hot 4. have unpacked 5. sees 6. get better/have got better 7. 'll/will do the washing up 8. is over

2. 1. I'll change my clothes as soon as I get home/'ve got home/have got home 2. We'll all be so excited when Jeremy returns next week. 3. What will you do if you don't pass the driving test? 4. He'll look great after he's/has lost/after losing 30 kilos 5. If there's/is a hurricane we will have... 6. Don't start serving dinner until Joan and Peter are here. 7. We'll look after the baby while you go for a swim/are going for a swim. 8. Are you going to do the gardening while I clean the house/I'm cleaning the house? 9. Dad will be furious when he sees that you. . . 10. Can't we stay here until the concert is over? 11. We shouldn't disturb them while they're/are having dinner. 12. We'll go to the museum after we've had/have had a rest/after having a rest.

3. 1. The sauce won't taste right unless you add a little bit of sugar. 2. We'll miss the plane if we don't hurry. 3. Take some cash with you unless you have a credit card. 4. If there's no fish/there isn't (any) fish on the menu, I'll have eggs. 5. He can't live/He won't be able to live on his own until he has a job. 6. I won't give you any dessert until you've eaten your vegetables. 7. She won't forgive him if he doesn't apologize. 8. Don't close the file unless you've saved the changes.

4. Suggested answers: 1. Don't start eating/to eat until/till everybody is sitting at the table. 2. When you're independent you'll do what you like. For the moment you must/have to accept our rules. 3. I'll leave as soon as I have my passport. 4. I'll tell you what I think after you've told me what you think. 5. I'll buy myself a new coat when the sales start/begin. 6. I promised to take your son to the cinema if he's good. 7. I'll go shopping with Ruth, unless she finishes work too late. 8.. What shall/will we do if we miss this train? We have no money left/haven't got any money left. - We'll have to wait at the station until/till another one arrives.

Il futuro nel passato

1. Mr Miller was excited because he was leaving the following day. For the first time he was going to have a holiday abroad (He had won a two-week holiday at the Seychelles). But he certainly had no idea how adventurous his journey would be! The original plan was that he would take a train to London and from there he would fly to the Seychelles. But then he was informed that the flight from Edinburgh to London was also included in the prize. The journey was going to be more convenient - he thought. He certainly couldn't have imagined that the plane would crash on landing. But that is exactly what happened. However his guardian angel must have been watching over him because he was among those who were only slightly injured. The doctors who treated him at the site of the crash told him he would recover in a few days, however he would have to stay in hospital for two or three days as a precaution. And would you believe it? The helicopter that was taking him to hospital crashed too! And for the second time he survived. At this point you would think he wouldn't want to fly again in his life. But Mr Miller amazed everyone by saying. "I'm obviously not destined to die in an air crash," and a week later he was ready to start his journey again.

(sarebbe partito, avrebbe fatto, sarebbe stato, avrebbe preso, avrebbe preso l'aereo, sarebbe stato, si sarebbe

schiantato, sarebbe guarito, sarebbe dovuto, non avrebbe più volato)

2. 1. was coming at 7 2. would have time to go... 3. was going to meet... 4. he would be pleased to see her there. 5. would go to... 6. would spend the rest of the... 7. wasn't going to be able to... 8. would call him

3. Suggested answers: 1. So Jane can't come because she's got toothache. I was sure she would make up some excuse. 2. Andrew promised he would call/phone/ring, so he'll do so/it. 3. - I ('ve) invited Jim and Ellen to dinner on Saturday. - But I'm busy on Saturday. - Why didn't you tell me that you would be busy? - I was going to tell you tonight/this evening. 4. It's true I promised (that) I would mow the lawn, but I never said I would do it today. 5. I haven't started cooking/to cook yet. I didn't know you would get/arrive home so early.

Il periodo ipotetico 1° tipo

1. 1. don't find - 'll/will/shall spend 2. wash - ruin 3. wash - 'll/will ruin 4. will allow - promise 5. leave - will run 6. earn 'll/will/shall buy 7. is - 's/is cooked 8. have - 'll/will/shall come - 're/are 9. doesn't change - won't/shan't go 10. 'll/will get - continue

2. 1. stands as a candidate... will vote for him. 2. is still decorating... 'll/will/shall give him a hand. 3. gets my letter... she'll/will be able to... 4. won't/will not want to... if he's/has been working... 5. 've/have heard... they'll/will be worried about us. 6. 'll/will receive... if the winner's/is disqualified? 7. 's/has received the message he'll/will be waiting for us. 8. 'll/will/may/might overflow its banks if it starts raining again.

9. 'll/shall/will we do if all the hotels are fully booked? 10. I meet Sue... I'll/will/shall ask her... 11. 'll/will look after our dog if we stay away... 12. 'm/am not going to... unless they pay me in advance.

Il periodo ipotetico 2 ° tipo

1. 1. didn't waste - 'd/would spend 2. wouldn't complain - were you 3. dyed - would/'d look 4. 'd/would join - could 5. would you do - found 6. saw - wouldn't be able 7. wouldn't marry - were 8. would you live – could 9. 'd/would treat - behaved 10. helped - 'd/would appreciate

2. 1. You wouldn't keep losing things, if you weren't so absent-minded 2. If she didn't work so fast, she wouldn't make so many mistakes. 3. I were/was rich I'd/would buy that house. 4. Would she be pleased if we invited... 5. the actors weren't so bad the play would be... 6. would Sam do if Sue were/was here now?

7. you'd/had lived here... you'd/would understand our problems. 8. Would you be afraid if you had to sleep...? 9. Would you tell me if you were in love...? 10. weren't/wasn't still raining we could go...

Il periodo ipotetico 3° tipo

1. 1. 'd/had driven - would have hit 2. would have got - hadn't forgotten 3. hadn't seen -I wouldn't have believed it/I wouldn't believe it. 4. wouldn't have stolen - 'd/had locked 5. 'd/had known - 'd/would have come 6. wouldn't have happened - 'd/had been 7.' d had/had had - 'd/would have taken 8. Would you have gone - ' d had/had had

2. 1. might/could have burnt/burned down. 2. could have given you a lift home. 3. might/could have passed it. 4. could have met. 5. could have seen the animals

3. 1. If her friends hadn't been excellent cooks, she would have decided 2. If her friends hadn't been Italian, she would have made 3. If Mitzy hadn't come she wouldn't have stopped cooking 4. If her mother hadn't locked herself out, she wouldn't have had to go to her house. 5. If it hadn't been late, she wouldn't have asked 6. If her friends hadn't enjoyed the dinner, she wouldn't have got 7. If Elisa hadn't liked, she wouldn't have asked 8. If there hadn't been a raisin... she wouldn't have discovered... 9. If she told her friends this story, maybe they wouldn't appreciate it.

4. 1. see - 're/are 2. would be 3. won't/shan't leave (also: we're/are not leaving) 4. 'd/would be 5. won't/shan't go (also: 'm/am not going (to go)) 6. wouldn't go 7. wouldn't have found 8. are you going to/will you tell 9. would happen 10. hadn't applied 11. Would there be 12. Would Mary have married him...

5. 1. if you wake up 2. If we arrive 3. public transport were more efficient 4. if you'd/had met 5. wouldn't have seen 6. if I were you 7. if you'd/had been 8. if the car broke down or It'll/will be a problem if...

6. 1. If I had time, I'd/would go to the club. 2. If you park here you'll/will get a fine.

3. If a woman hadn't recognized the burglar, he wouldn't have been arrested. 4. If New York weren't/wasn't such a long way away, we'd/would go more often. 5. If we don't get started we'll/will/shall never finish this job. 6. If I knew what to do, I wouldn't be asking you for advice. 7. If Gary was/were here, he could tell me what to do. 8. If they hadn't been talking so loudly, they wouldn't have been thrown out... 9. If Sue hadn't failed her exam, she wouldn't be studying now. 10. If we'd/had eaten the mushrooms, we would be...11. If they'd/had packed the goods properly, they wouldn't have got damaged. 12. If it hadn't been snowing so hard we would have gone skiing. 13. If he'd had/had had a watch he wouldn't have missed the train. 14. If you'd/had taken my advice, you wouldn't be in trouble now.

7. 1. you don't have it too loud. 2. you try to get into the garden. 3. you return it next week. 4. a bus comes soon. 5. you don't drive too fast. 6. were in my position

8. 1. b 2.c 3.a 4.a 5. c

9. 1. If Sandra should phone,... 2. If anybody happens to find... 3. If the lift were to get stuck... 4. ...if it should rain? 5. If you should still have... 6. If that tall tree were to fall... 7. If you happened to see somebody...

10.1. Should your presence be... 2. Had I known he was... 3. Should any problems arise,... 4. Were the Prime Minister to resign,... 5. Had his father not been... 6. Had you taken more time to think,...

I wish I were

1. 1. I wish I were/was somewhere else. – I wish I could eat... 2. I wish I had more hair. 3. I wish I could get to sleep. 4. I wish I knew the answers. 5. I wish I looked like her. 6. I wish it weren't/wasn't snowing. - I wish I didn't have to go out in this weather.

2. 1. I wish this parachute would open. 2. I wish it would stop raining. 3. I wish he would invite me to dance. 4. I wish you wouldn't treat me like a slave. 5. I wish this car would start. - 1 wish the police would come.

3. 1. I wish I hadn't accepted this job. 2. I wish I had taken Ann's advice. 3. I wish I had brought some warm clothes with me. 4. I wish I hadn't trusted him. 5. I wish I could have imagined it... 6. I wish I hadn't come on this excursion. 7. I wish they had told me it was going...

4. 1. I wish I knew somebody here. - I wish somebody would take…/was/were taking notice of me. - I wish I hadn't come to this party. 2. I wish we weren't living in the country. - I wish we hadn't decided to move out of town. - I wish I had imagined/could have imagined life.../ I wish life weren't/wasn't so boring here.

3. I wish my husband would help/helped with the housework. - I wish he didn't go/wouldn't go to the pub every night. - I wish I'd/had never married him.

Il discorso indiretto

1. 1. Hannah said (that) she wasn't very comfortable with strangers. 2. Nick said (that) he had stayed with his relatives. 3. George told Amy (that) it had been wonderful to see her and (that) he'd/would call her soon. 4. John told his girlfriend (that) she could stay if she liked but he was leaving. 5. Lisa said (that) she'd/had always dreamt/dreamed of going to Africa. 6. My parents said (that) they'd/had been waiting for me all night. 7. Mrs Crawford told her secretary (that) she/he really didn't need to apologize. 8. Brian told his friends (that) he couldn't get his car to start (or hadn't been able to get.. .). 9. Mark told his wife (that) his sister was going to have a baby. 10. Jane told her boss (that) she didn't think she'd/would be able to help him/her. 11 . Meg said (that) she was driving home when the earthquake struck/had been driving home when the earthquake had struck. 12. Steve told Ellen (that) they weren't staying away for long.

2. 1. me (that) he was happy because he'd/had passed his last university exam that morning. 2. (that) he'd/had been studying a lot recently and hadn't been to the cinema for a month. 3. (that) he needed a holiday: he was going to Spain this week. 4. (that) he'd/would probably stay away for two weeks, but he didn't know yet if Lee could go with him. 5. hadn't decided yet whether to go by plane or by car. 6. (that) he wasn't going to travel by car if he went alone. 7. told me (that) he'd/had been ill in hospital last month/the month before/the previous month: he'd/had eaten something... and he'd/had felt terribly sick. 8. (that) he'd had/had had/he had to stay...

3. 1. saying - said 2. tell 3. tells – tells - telling 4. said to/(told) 5. tell/say to - told 6. tell - told 7. say 8. said - said to/(told) 9. say

4. 1 affirmed that airplanes were interesting toys but were... 2. ...said that everything that could be invented had been invented. 3. ...claimed that nobody would want to hear... 4... .observed that there was no reason... 5. ...insisted that they didn't like the Beatles... and they were not interested in them. If they wanted...they would have to change completely. 6. said that we/they had to admit that the radio had no future.

7. stated that he had never had any...for himself or his children. 8. ...predicted that television was reaching... People would soon get tired of... 9. ...maintained that for most people... shouldn't be dangerous at all. In fact it had always had... 10. ...said that if cars hadn't been invented it wouldn't make/wouldn't have made... Horses were the transport..., the automobile was only...

5. 1. you were starting it next month? 2. she'd/had gone to Spain. 3. you 'd/had met him the day... 4. he'd/had been living there/in New York for one year. 5. it would take place on Thursday. 6. you'd/had flown to Mexico City. 7. he'd/had already arrived? 8. you were riding/you had been riding a horse.

6. 1. he was leaving at 5 a.m. the following morning. 2. they were going to reach their destination some time the following week. 3. that a woman had been arrested... the previous day. 4. Jamie would be coming home today. 5. she wasn't there. She had left for her holidays a fortnight before.

Ordini, richieste e suggerimenti

1. 1. her/her daughter not to eat with her mouth open. 2. not to leave the room. 3. Tracy to stay another few days. 4. to go/come and pick her up/if he could go/come and pick her up at 7. 5. her not to go there on her own. 6. him/his son not to get...

2. 1. going/(that we (should) go/that we went)… 2. us not to go/us that we shouldn't go swimming there because it was... 3. that the tide came in... 4. leaving/that we (should) leave/that we left 5. (that) we should go/we went/we go/suggested going... if we wanted...

3. 1. he'd/had packed 2. needed 3. he'd/had left 4. putting/having put/he had put 5. he left 6. wouldn't forget 7. of calling

4. 1. Mrs. Clark asked Mr. Clark if he could go/Mr. Clark to go and post the/that letter and he agreed to (go) as soon as it stopped raining. 2. Meg complained that she always had to do all the cleaning herself. 3. Will promised (that) he would call as often as he could, but Nancy suggested (that) he (should) write/that he wrote/writing an e-mail every day instead. 4. Eve apologized for losing my cd. 5. Michael realized (that) he had lost his wallet. 6. Paul accused Charley of taking the money he had left in the drawer, but Charley denied it. 7. Tanya admitted (that) I was right and that it had been her fault.

Domande indirette

1.1. I knew him well.2. he came from 3. he'd been living here 4. his job was 5. he had friends 6. of people they were.

2. 1. who the people who moved into the flat upstairs are? 2. if/whether they're married. 3. why he would want to marry her! 4. if/whether she is rich. 5. what he does for a living. 6. he is a lawyer? 7. you had spoken to them? 8. what he did? 9. why you didn't find out more about them.

3. 1. where the nearest underground station is? 2. how old Jenny's husband is? 3. why she didn't call yesterday. 4. what time the post office closes? 5. where I've/have seen... 6. what she was waiting for. 7. when they're/are/were going... 8. why Brian told me a lie. 9. how he could forget... 10. what kind of car she's got/has (got)? 11. if/whether he was joking or (if/whether) he was being serious. 12. when Pam is/was arriving?

4. 1. where to leave/where she could leave her luggage 2. how to turn/how I can turn 3. who to ask for… / who she should/could ask for… 4. if/whether he should book 5. how much bread to buy/he should buy 6. whether to go or stay/whether they should go or stay.

5. 1. should serve... 2. to sit at the table 3. couldn't stay... 4. had to be... the following day. 5. would get/was going to get... 6. would be waiting for her... 7. had already called him. 8. taking her... if she really had to go/(must go) 9. (that) she didn't want... the driver would take her... 10. (that) he didn't believe... They were... 11. nothing of the sort could happen... 12. (that) Dr Pelham hadn't told... 13. that she was sorry... 14. she would call us the following day.

6. Suggested answers: 1. Alice told she would lend me her green sweater/jumper. I hope she hasn't changed her mind. 2. I promised I would be there in time, but look at the time! It'll be impossible. 3. . Did Jimmy ask you if I was coming to the party? - No, but he wanted to know if Mary Ann and Tanya would be there. 4. I told you never to call after 10. I wish you wouldn't do it again. 5. When Louise asked me if she could come and see me I told her she could, but I forgot to tell her that I wouldn't be (at) home till/until 8. 6. Somebody from the bank called this morning and said (that) you should contact them as soon as possible. 7. Larry told me (that) he lives in Colchester, but I don't know where it is or how to get there. 8. When I asked if I could pay by credit card, they told me I couldn't, (that) they only accepted cash. 9. I'm sorry but I can't/cannot tell you anything. They told me not to answer any questions/(that) I shouldn't answer any questions 10. . Do you know how far Newport is from here? - No, not exactly, but I know that it takes an hour to get there by train.

7. Suggested answers: 1. Annie suggested not looking for/(that) I shouldn't look for a second-hand computer. She recommended buying it directly from the manufacturer. 2. The manager of the hotel apologized for not being able to give me back my/the money. I couldn't believe I would have to pay for a room (that) I hadn't occupied. 3. James is always complaining/always complains (that) he hasn't got/doesn't have much money. So I asked him how much he earned a month, but he wouldn't tell me. 4. I admitted not telling the truth/(that) I hadn't told the truth, but I denied having sold/selling the jewels. So they accused me of having hidden them. 5. I didn't realize (that) I had been lying in the sun too long. I was all burnt / completely burnt. 6. I had warned/advised him to take warm clothes, but he didn't follow my advice and so he caught a cold.

11 - Verbi modali

Abilità, possibilità: can, could e be able to

1. 1. she couldn't cook/wasn't able to cook at all - she can cook much better 2. I couldn't go/wasn't able to go -I'll be able to go/I can go 3. to be able to speak 4. we could understand/would be able to understand 5. They have never been able to solve 6. I may be able to visit 7. before being able to answer 8. We had never been able to get on

2. 1. Were you able to - couldn't - was able to 2. could - was able to - couldn't 3. could - could - was able to 4. could couldn't 5. could - was able to 6. couldn't - Were you able to/Could

3. 1. could only get 2. could barely support 3. couldn't 4. was able to get 5.. was able to send 6. could 7. was able to find 8. were finally able to open 9. has never been able to

4. 1. am capable 2. did not manage/was not able 3. are capable - managed/were able 4. succeeded 5.. did Sharon manage/was Sharon able

5. 1. My team has succeeded in qualifying. . . 2. I don't know how they manage to survive... 3. They weren't able to go.. .Sean didn't manage to take 4. Once I was capable of staying up all night... 5.. She wasn't able to finish...

6. 1. was able to/managed to 2. managed to/was able to 3. could 4. could 5.. succeeded 6. managed to/was/were able to 7. managed to/been able to 8. was able to/managed to 9. could not

7. 1. could have put him up. 2. could have called me. 3. could lend us his. 4. couldn't have gone anyway. 5.. could never pass it. 6. could have done it easily. 7. could apply. 8. could have applied.

8. Suggested answers: 1. Haven't you been able to/Haven't you managed to repair/haven't you succeeded in repairing your bicycle yet? 2. I could never do your job. I could never make/I would never be able to make important decisions on my own/by myself. 3. We raised the alarm, but the thieves managed to/were able to escape/succeeded in escaping. 4. It wasn't easy to persuade John to come with us, but in the end we succeeded/we managed to/we were able to. 5.. The sea is dangerous here. Those two boys only managed to/were only able to survive because they could swim very well. 6. At first she was so embarrassed that she couldn't/wasn't able to contradict her boss, but in the end she was able to/she managed to say/she succeeded in saying what she really thought. 7. If you were tired you could have told us. We could have stopped earlier. 8. I didn't know you didn't have a car. I could have given you a lift. 9.. If only I could have talked/spoken to you before! - You could have phoned me. Why didn't you (do so)? . I couldn't phone you. I didn't have your new phone number.

Permesso: can, could, may, might e be allowed

Richieste: can, could, will, would

1. 1.. Can/Could I/May I try this skirt on/try on this skirt? - Yes, of course. But.. .er.. .are you sure... 2.. Do you mind taking off your hat/your hat off? - Of course I do. How impertinent of you! / . Could you take... - How impertinent of you! 3.. Do you mind if I smoke?/Can/ Could/May I smoke? - I'd rather you didn't. 4.. May I / Could I ask you a favour? - Yes, go ahead.

2. 1. Could you possibly - I can 2. could lend - can't 3. May/Could/Can I help - Can/Could/May I have a look - Can I/Could I/May I - Do you mind / Would you mind waiting 4. Do you mind / Would you mind removing - so I can sit - Can/Could/May I close - Could/Can - do you mind/would you mind.. .

3. 1. Will / Would you close the door, please? 2. Will 7 Would you listen to me? 3. Won't you have some more cake? 4. Will / Would you turn down that music? 5.. Won't you come in? 6. Will / Would you help me carry...?

4. 1. weren't you allowed to/couldn't you 2. were only allowed to/could only 3. were allowed to 4. wasn't allowed to/couldn't 5.. was allowed 6. Were you allowed to/Could you 7. was only allowed to 8. finally be allowed to

5. 1. a. You are not allowed to park between 8 am and 7 pm. b. Parking between 8 am and 7pm is not allowed.

2. a. You are not allowed to walk on the grass. b. Walking on the grass is not allowed.

3. a. You are not allowed to camp. b. Camping is not allowed.

6. 1. Passengers are allowed to take only one piece of carry-on luggage. / Passengers are only allowed to take... 2. You are not allowed to go beyond this point without a boarding pass. 3. You are allowed to board the plane first only if you are travelling with small children.

Deduzioni e probabilità / supposizioni

1. 1. can't be - must be 2. must have - can't have - may be 3. can't be - may simply be 4. must be joking.

5. must/may already be serving/may be already serving - can't be serving

2. 1. must/may/might have gone - can't have gone - may/might have gone 2. must have had - might/may have forgotten 3. can't have noticed - can't/may not/might not have recognized - may not/might not have expected (a/so: may not/might not have been expecting) 4. might have been 5. may/might have been feeling sick

3. 1. He must be ahead of us. 2. He can't be (ahead of us). 3. He must have got lost. 4. Or he may/might/could have taken a different path. 5. He can't have (taken...) 6. He may/might/could have slipped and got hurt. 7. He may/might/could be waiting for us... 8. It must be him. 9. You may/might/could have been picking bilberries. 10. He must have been walking... 11. He must have passed behind...

4. 1. may/might not be free. 2. may/might be staying away 3. may/might have to (change jobs) 4. may/might have repaired it

5. 1. Is Tom Stuart likely to be re-elected?/Is it likely that Tom Stuart will be re-elected? 2. We're unlikely to beat... / It's unlikely that we will beat. ... 3. They may charge you more... 4. The temperature is likely to drop below zero.. . / It's likely that the temperature will drop... 5. I might win this time... 6. I may have taken most of them - I'm unlikely to have taken all of them. / It's unlikely that I will have taken all of them.

6. 1. could 2. could 3. may 4. may 5. Could 6. may 7. may 8. can 9. can 10. may 11. might 12. could

7. 1. may not 2. can't 3. can't 4. may not 5. may not 6. can't 7. may not 8. can't - can't

8. Suggested answers: 1. . It may not be pleasant, but I have to tell Charley that I'm going to leave him. - You can't be serious! 2. You must be happy to be (at) home again. 3. He may be older, but I don't think he's over twenty. 4. She may be naive, but she's not as stupid as you may think. 5. Don't you think your father might/could get angry if he knew (that) you've taken his car? 6.. It must be hard to live in a country like this. - Yes, it can't be easy. 7. Helen may not have felt/have been feeling well yesterday. She went home earlier than usual. 8. Tim may/might not have arrived yet. I can't see his car. 9. You must drive more slowly. You could/might have had an accident. 10. George! It can't be you. You look so different. You must have lost at least 20 kilos! 11. I don't know exactly what time I went to bed yesterday, but it must have been very late. 12. - Look! Isn't that Christine over there? - It can't be her. She was leaving yesterday. - She may/might not have left.

Obbligo, necessità: must, have to

Divieto: mustn't

Mancanza di necessità: don't have to / needn't / don't need to

1. 1. have to/must 2. must 3. have to 4. Does she really have to 5. must 6. must/have to 7. Do I have to

8. must/have to 9. Do you have to - do/have to 10. must 11. do you have to 12. must/have to

2. 1. don't have to 2. do you have to 3. have to 4. do you have to 5. have to 6. have to 7. Do you have to 8. don't (have to).

3. 1. I've got to baby-sit for my sister. 2. I've got to wash it... 3. We haven't got to buy anything. 4. I've got to go to the baker's... 5. He's got to visit his grandparents. 6. Have you got to call Robert?

4. 1. 'll have to/ have to/ must 2. had to 3. have to 4. didn't have 5. have to 6. had to - 've never had to/I'd never had to 7. Did Dave have to - didn't - has to go/'s got to go/must go 8.'s had/has had to 9. having to 10. wouldn't have to

5. 1. mustn't 2. mustn't 3. doesn't have to 4. haven't got to 5. mustn't 6. mustn't 7. don't have to 8. don't

have to

6. 1.b 2.a 3.b 4.a 5.a 6.b 7.a 8.b 9. b 10.a 11.b 12.a 13.a 14. b 15.a 16.b

7. 1. You mustn't touch - You needn't worry - you mustn't eat at all hours of the day 2. We mustn't forget our passports – we don't need (to have) a passport/we needn't have a passport 3. you mustn't make a mess - you needn't say/don't need to say it over and over again - the house must be spotless 4. We mustn't take baggage that weighs over 20 kilos - we needn't take all this stuff/we don't need (to take) all this stuff

5. We needn't keep them/We don't need (to keep) them - You mustn't throw them away

8. 1. needn't 2. needs 3. needs to 4. needn't 5. Need I explain/Do I need to explain 6. needn't 7. Do we need

8. doesn't really need 9. need to

9. 1. didn't need to buy 2. needn't have bought 3. didn't need to wait 4. needn't have waited 5. needn't have done 6. needn't have worried 7. needn't have brought 8. didn't need to take

10. Suggested answers: 1. You needn't/don't need to/don't have to eat all that spaghetti if you're not hungry. 2. You mustn't wake me up tomorrow. I want to sleep till/until midday. 3. Did you have to pay extra for the excursions or were they included in the price? 4. I need to know your opinion before I make/take a decision/before making/taking a decision. 5. I didn't have to translate anything for the Slovenian guy: his English was perfect. 6. Have you cleared the table already?/already cleared the table? You needn't have done it/didn't need to do it, but thanks anyway.

Raccomandazioni, consigli, ipotesi: should, ought to

1. 1. Peter shouldn't drive so/very fast or oughtn't to drive... 2. He should keep/ought to keep to... 3. People shouldn't leave/oughtn't to leave... 4. They should take/ought to take them to... 5. You should read/ought to read it. 6. What should I / ought I to do? 7. Do you think we should send/ought to send them...? or Should we send/Ought we to send them...? 8. You should be helping/ought to be helping your mother.

2. 1. shouldn't have bought 2. should have told me 3. should have asked 4. shouldn't have treated 5. shouldn't have lain 6. should never have left/should have never left 7. should have read

3. 1. should be able/ought to be able to move... 2. shouldn't take long/oughtn't to take long... 3. should get better/ought to get better 4. shouldn't have found/oughtn't to have found 5. should have finished/ought to have finished 6. should be meeting/ought to be meeting...

4. 1. We'd better check... 2. We'd better get going. 3. You'd better stay at home if... 4. We'd better go back home. 5. I'd better not finish it. 6. You'd better not eat...7. I'd better call her.8. You'd better not walk on it.

Altri modi diesprimere "dovere": be to, be expected to, be supposed to

1. 1. ...is to be delivered... 2. ...are not to leave... 3. ...is to be put... 4. ...is to meet... 5. ...were to be released/were to have been released... 6. ...was never to see him again.

2. 1. was supposed to 2. weren't supposed to - couldn't 3. wasn't expected to 4. should have told me

5. is supposed to 6. is expected to 7. shouldn't have

3. Suggested answers: 1. . Why isn't Jenny with you? Weren't you supposed to go and pick her up? - No, she can't come. She told me she had to help her father at the office. 2. Look what you've done! You've spilled/spilt coffee on the carpet. You should have been more careful! 3. If you haven't booked the tickets yet you'd better do it soon. There weren't many seats left yesterday. 4. You shouldn't complain all the time.

5. . When I worked as an au-pair I had to do all the cleaning. It was terrible. - Really? You should have tried to find another family. 6. If you weren't well you should have stayed at home. You shouldn't have gone out in this weather.

Proposte, richieste di pareri: shall

1. 1. Shall I turn on the light? 2. Shall I call you tomorrow? 3. Shall I do the shopping? 4. Shall I pay now or on delivery? 5. Shall I close the window? 6. Shall I wait for you?

2. 1. What shall we do this evening? - Shall we go to the theatre? - When and where shall we meet? 2. Shall we go?/Shall we (go and) spend the weekend with Bill and Sue? /Shall we accept Bill and Sue's invitation? - What shall we take as a present for them? - Shall we take (them)...? 3. Where shall I /we put it/this carnivorous plant? - How shall I feed it? 4. What shall we do? Shall we go to the cinema... or (shall we) come back later?

3. 1. Shall I make...? -I'll make it. 2. Shall I take...? – I’ll take him... 3. Shall I help you...? – I’ll manage. 4. Shall I change...? - I'll ask... 5. Shall I come and...? – I’ll come in my car.

Will e would

1. 1. would you like 2. are you having/will you have 3. Won't you have/Would you like 4. I don't want to be / I wouldn't like to be 5. wants to 6. Will you 7. Would you like to/Will you 8. I won't.

2. Suggested answers: 1. It's dark in here. How can you read? I'll switch on the light. 2. - Shall I do the shopping/Do you want me to do the shopping today? - No, don't worry/don't bother. I'll do it this afternoon. 3. - Shall I peel the potatoes? - Yes, please/thanks. In the meantime I'll wash the salad. - How many shall I peel? 4. - Will you tell me what happened to you? - I'll tell you later. I have to go out now. 5. - What would you like to do/What do you want to do this afternoon? Shall we go and see our friends? - No, I don't feel like going out/I don't want to go out. I'd rather stay/I'd prefer to stay at home if you don't mind. 6. Will you stop biting your nails? 7. Would you mind closing/Would you close the window, please? I've got a sore throat and I wouldn't like it to get worse. 8. - Would you like wine or beer with the/your pizza?/Will you have wine... - I'd like a beer / I'll have a beer. What/How about you? - I'll have a glass of wine.

3. 1. It won't turn 2. he wouldn't tell us. 3. he will do exactly 4. she would buy a similar one 5. will keep changing/he will change 6. Mrs Kaye would feed 7. if you will peel 8. if you would consider

12 - Alcuni costrutti verbali particolari

Verbi + complemento di termine / vantaggio + complemento oggetto

1. 1. our friends a postcard/a postcard to our friends. 2. the children some sweets/some sweets to the children. 3. her a present/a present for her. 4. it to you. 5. her some/some to her 6. Sally some lemon squash/some lemon squash for Sally. 7. her daughter a fairy tale/a fairy tale to her daughter. 8. it to me

9. them for Sarah 10. us those photos/those photos to us?

2. 1. send him a birthday card / a birthday card to him.2. Show it to me.3. Offer a cup of tea to your friends. 4. take these books to Mandy? 5. give Steve the key 6. write to them? 7. to sing to/for us.

3. 1. told the President 2. (have) phoned his office 3. talking to the Minister of Foreign Affairs 4. called the Minister of Foreign Affairs 5. speaking to each other 6. told her 7. talk to the President 8. listens to her 9. haven't told her/didn't tell her 10. asked me a lot of questions 11. answered her 12. ask you 13. say to her 14. ask us 15. reply to them 16. explain to them

4. 1. some money to Dan. 2. no change 3. no change 4. no change 5. Throw Jack the ball. 6. no change 7. no change 8. no change

5. Suggested answers: 1. . Alice has invited us to dinner. What can/shall we take her? - Let's take her some chocolates. 2. We can't go to the theatre tomorrow. Why don't we give our tickets to Brenda and Tim? 3.. We must remember to ask Ted if he's free next Sunday. - Why don't you phone him now? 4. They haven't answered our letter/replied to our letter yet. 5. Peter is teaching his brother some Latin/some Latin to his brother. 6. I've already explained this rule to you lots of times.

Uso o omissione del pronome it con alcuni verbi

1. 1. forgot. 2. remember? – forgotten 3. remember (it) 4. know. 5. know/remember 6. knows (it). 7. told you 8. tried (to)

2. 1. it hard to believe... 2. it (was) sensible of them to... 3. it difficult for me... 4. it difficult to see anything. 5. it clear that his was simply... 6. it our duty to... 7. it easy to work... 8. it too risky to go on in that weather.

Look, feel, sound, smell, taste

1. 1. feels so soft 2. smells lovely 3. look upset 4. sounded worried 5. smells bad 6. tastes strange 7. sounds very interesting 8. look fat 9. tastes like

2. 1. Janet looks exactly like her mother. She has the same eyes and hair. 2. You look as if you've just seen a ghost. You're as white as a sheet. 3. This dish doesn't taste like anything I've ever eaten before. What's it made with? 4. I don't feel well today. Maybe I'm coming down with flu. 5. My shoes don't smell like leather. They're probably made of plastic. 6. It sounds as if there's going to be a storm. Can't you hear the thunder?

3. 1. look well 2. seemed/looked 3. seemed 4. tasted awful 5. tasted 6. smell/taste 7. smelt/smelled/tasted good 8. feeling 9. sound/seem

4. 1. What are you cooking? It smells like fish. 2. . You look strange. What's the matter/What's wrong with you? -I don't know. I feel as if/as though I'm/I was/were going to faint. 3. I spoke to Jenny on the phone. She sounded particularly cheerful. 4. . What's this syrup? - It tastes like honey. Why don't you try/taste it, too? 5. While I was talking to her she looked preoccupied. She looked/seemed as if she was/were thinking about something else. 6. What was that noise? It sounded like thunder.

Verbi di percezione + forma base o forma in –ing

1. 1. three young people consult/consulting a map. 2. them speaking a language... 3. them wearing identical green t -shirts and... 4. a very pretty girl with a large case walk/walking towards him. 5. her bump him on the shoulder... 6. her take out a cello and begin playing it. 7. to her playing... 8. her put her instrument away and get off the train. 9. her waving at him...

2. a) 1. shake/shaking 2. fall 3. swinging 4. open 5. rushing 6. blow/blowing 7. coming 8. collapse

b) 1. burning 2. making 3. roar/roaring 4. moving 5. get/getting 6. get/getting 7. shout 8. get 9. start 10. turn on 11. pacing 12. roaring 13. become 14. vanish

3. 1. being fed 2. being prepared 3. performed 4. being announced

4. 1. wearing a blue top, jeans and red sandals. 2. shouting for help 3. to take the necklace and slip it… / taking the necklace and slipping it in her purse... 4. to say/saying he intended to resign

5. Suggested answers: 1. Can't you hear the phone ringing? Why don't you answer it? 2. . Where's Andy? -I saw him rush out a minute ago, but he didn't tell me where he was going. 3. I was watching the waves break over the rocks, when I noticed a school of dolphins swimming out at sea. 4. Jane was listening to the rain falling incessantly, when she heard the clock strike 12. 5. I was working in the garden when I saw a squirrel jump/jumping among the branches of a tree. . 6. Ah, it's you Brian. You frightened me. I didn't hear you come in. 7. I can feel my skin burning. I got too much sun. 8. Edith heard a door slam/being slammed and after a while footsteps coming up the stairs. 9. . I read somewhere that certain fakirs can eat glass, but I don't believe it. - I do. I saw it done myself, and it wasn't a trick. 10. Mrs Steele is missing. She was seen leaving/to leave the hotel soon after breakfast this morning.

Far fare

1. 1. let 2. make 3. get 4. let 5. made 6. get 7. made 8. made 9. Let

2. 1. let Jennifer leave... 2. managed to get Albert to give up... 3. it almost made me fall asleep. 4. made this area become... 5. made the cashier open/got the cashier to open... 6. that they got me to sign... 7. Don't let the cat (get) into.../I don't want you to let the cat (get) into.../...lots of times not to let the cat (get) into... 8. They didn't let us pay... 9. you'll never get him to do... 10. in making the murderer confess/in getting the murderer to confess.

3. 1. make yourself/your voice heard. 2. let me know 3. let anybody in 4. make ourselves understood. 5. makes him/made him disliked 6. made me sad.

4. 1. The hooligans were made to leave... 2. Those guys weren't allowed to enter... 3. He was made to confess. 4. You aren't allowed to take... 5. The reporter was made to hand in...

5. Suggested answers: 1. My teacher had made/made me re-do my homework. 2. Take an aspirin. It'll make you feel better. 3. If we can't come, we'll let you know. 4. I can't get my camera to work/make my camera work. 5. See if you can get your brother to lend us the money. 6. I never have lunch. It makes me (feel) sleepy and I can't work. 7. You've made me so happy! I don't know how to thank you. 8. My father would never let me use his car: it's too fast.

“Far(si) fare"

1. 1. have/get their house remodelled 2. a swimming pool installed 3. having/getting her hair done 4. to have/to get a suit made 5. to have/get his ear(s) pierced 6. having/getting a portrait painted

2. 1. have/get it painted - I'm going to have/get it painted 2. have/get it cleaned 3. have/get them shortened 4. had/got it cut 5. have/get them delivered 6. has/gets it washed 7. have/get them written 8. have/get it translated

3. 1. I took it to the mechanic to have/get it repaired yesterday because I couldn't get it to start. 2. but he made me wait (for) over two hours 3. and you can never get him to do things quickly 4. Yes, but I asked my boss to let me take the morning off. 5. I should call him now to let him know (that) I won't be able to be/I can't be in the office this afternoon. 6. Could/Would you let me use yours? 7. I could order a pizza and have them deliver it/and have it delivered. 8. I have to get my hair cut/I have to get a haircut, but I never have time.

Verbi con costruzione personale e impersonale

1. 1. does it take you/do you take - It usually takes - It doesn't take 2. took 3. it will probably take (them)/they will probably take 4. It's going to take 5. takes - takes

2. 1. They don't seem to like me. 2. Nobody seems to be interested. 3. We would seem to be trying... 4. It seems (that)/as if you haven't made... 5. They don't seem to be enjoying...

3. 1. to be the boss. 2. (to be) a pleasant person. 3. to be getting better. - (that) he is getting... 4. to be in a hurry. - (that) she was... 5. to have changed... - (that) he has changed... 6. to be trying to... (that) they are trying to…

4. 1. We happened to be in Miami... 2. My husband happens to be... 3. if you happen to be passing by it? 4. I happen to have... 5. I happened to witness... / I happen to have witnessed

13 - Verbi + that, infinito o forma in -ing

Infinito o that-clause - Costruzione oggettiva

1. 1. (that) I had told you 2. (that) I have/I'll have - being/having been/that I was - to say 3. (that) I still had - to get/getting (that) I had 4. (that) you're being/you are - (that) you stop/you should stop

2. 1. my parents/them to see all this mess - us to help you tidy up 2. me to do - anybody else to know 3. you to come out with us tonight - him to see me like this 4. it to be something special - me to go shopping with you

3. 1. Harry to get angry... 2. anybody to know... 3. for Jan and Susan to call us. 4. somebody to help me... 5. (for) Glenda to realize... 6. her to come... 7. us to meet... 8. you to behave... 9. three days for the package to arrive. 10. for a guide to accompany you... 11. the bridge to collapse. 12. for Felipe to come.

4. Suggested answers: 1. Do you need me to help you (to) pack? I wouldn't like you to miss the train. 2. My sister wastes a lot of money on designer clothes. I think she wants people to notice her. I wish she realized/I'd like her to realize that there are more important things in life. 3. I have to have/take a look at the cake. I wouldn't like it to get burnt. 4. I'm waiting for you to go out. Then I'll start working/to work.

5. I don't like you to smoke in front of the children. I ('ve) told you thousands of times. 6. Don't tell Sarah (that) I ('ve) bought her a present. I want it to be a surprise. 7. I can't wait for the winter to end. 8. My friends would have liked me to stay longer, but I really couldn't.

Verbi seguiti da forma in –ing o infinito

1. 1. reading 2. cleaning - doing 3. to tell 4. to come - going - to stay 5. to jump - landing 6. swimming - skiing 7. going 8. to take/(taking) 9. making - to get 10. telling 11. to buy - to spend 12. repairing

2. 1. getting 2. lying - to live 3. to spend 4. doing 5. being 6. making up . 7. giving 8. to feel- cooking/to cook 9. to leave - going 10. going 11. to get 12. telling - giving 13. playing - losing

3. 1. working - to have 2. taking/to take - to start 3. talking/to talk - to give. 4. talking 5. to hurt 6. to be - staying 7. fishing 8. to take 9. not to drink 10. using 11. not driving

4. 1. saying such a thing. 2. to switch off... 3. envying my elder sister. - to be like her. 4. watching... 5. riding a donkey... 6. to ride a donkey... 7. asking Peter. 8. to call... - phoning her mother. 9. taking... 10. to take 11. losing/having lost her self-control... 12. to inform you that...

5. 1. to spend 2. visiting 3. seeing 4. to call 5. forgetting 6. to leave 7. to phone 8. to meet 9. not being able 10. to change 11. to arrive 12. waiting 13. to find 14. to camp 15. to realize 16. coming 17. making

14 - Verbi composti

Phrasal e prepositional verbs

1. 1. come back 2. come in 3. coming down 4. go away 5. going up 6. settled down

2. 1. off - on 2. X 3. for 4. to 5. out/off 6. from 7. forward 8. for

3. 1. at 2. at 3. for 4. like 5. at 6. in 7. out 8. on 9. after/at 10. off/down 11. after/at 12. to 13. off 14. down 15. on 16. up 17. out 18. off 19. for 20. for

4. 1. pick them up 2. wash them up 3. going to close them down? 4. written it down 5. put it off 6. cut it off

7. work it out 8. take it down 9. blow them out 10. look like her

5. Be: 1. on 2. over 3. up 4. up to 5. off 6. up to

Break: 1. off 2. up 3. down 4. out 5. into 6. down 7. out

Get: 1. on - off 2. into - out 3. on with/along with 4. over 5. away with 6. by 7. across to/through to 8. away

6. Put: 1. put out 2. put us up 3. put up with 4. put off

Take: 1. take off 2. take up 3. takes after - takes after 4. taking off 5. taken in 6. took to

7. 1. put me through to - putting you through - hold (on) - call back 2. get through to - cut off

8. 1. made up your mind 2. turned down 3. cut down on - make up for 4. let me down 5. came upon/across 6. turned out to be 7. turned out

9. 2. up - up: arrived - delayed 3. off - up: exploded - was destroyed 4. up: stopped 5. up: making preparations for/starting 6. off: were completely isolated 7. off: say good-bye to them 8. off: leave 9. up: start 10. up: invented

10. a) 1. ran him over - to tell/telling him off 2. run out of 3. brought up 4. make out - (has) brought about 5. work out - give up 6. keep up with

b) 7. call on 8. drop in 9. drop out 10. call at 11. called off 12. put off

11. 1. over 2. out 3. up 4. at 5. down at 6. out 7. after 8. away 9. up with 10. out 11.up 12.on 13. out

14.on 15. for 16.up 17.to 18. through 19. up 20. into 21. up 22. up 23. off/away 24. up with 25. out 26. off 27. down 28. on 29. in/up

GLI ELEMENTI DELLA FRASE

1 - Sostantivi

Singolare o plurale?

1. 1. crossroads 2. those sheep 3. correct 4. A series 5. is getting 6. correct 7. take binoculars/a pair of... 8. need new pyjamas/a new pair of... 9: statistics 10. scissors

2. 1. How many - are 2. is - is 3. This - isn't 4. It's 5. the Middle Ages 6. It's 7. is too much 8. was/were 9. was 10. It's 11. is/are 12. people - were 13. are - They are 14. Have the goods

Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili - Sostantivi non numerabili in inglese

1. 1. Is there 2. information is 3. is your luggage - It's 4. furniture 5. damage 6. Work - jobs

2. 1. X - an 2. a 3. X 4. X - X 5. X 6.X-a 7.X-a 8.X 9.X-a

3. 1. pieces/items of 2. Is there 3. pieces/items of 4. some more information/two more items/pieces of

5. much/great damage

4. Suggested answers: 1. Where can we leave all this luggage/baggage? 2. Who can we ask for information? 3. We aren't very far from Brighton. It's only 20 km. 4. . What are the police doing? Are they arresting that man? - Let's go away. It's not our business. 5. This campsite is full of people. Let's look for another one.

6. Is there a car park near here? 7. Who did this furniture belong to? 8. Why don't you listen to my advice? 9. Stop talking nonsense. 10. My hair is terrible. I have to wash it twice a week. 11. We haven't made much progress. 12.. I've got two important pieces of news to give you. - I hope it's good news.

Sostantivi usati come aggettivi

1. 1. programmer 2. clock 3. shoes 4. paintings 5. jam 6. clothes 7. tools 8. rings 9. appliances 10. ads

11 . prices

2. 1. television series 2. leather bags 3. woollen scarf 4. olive oil 5. New Orleans jazz group 6. Hollywood film industry 7. wooden plates

3. 1. a seventy-year-old man 2. a two-month-old baby 3. an eighteenth-century painting 4. a five-year war 5. a nine-storey(-high) building 6. six one-litre bottles 7. two five-euro (bank)notes 8. a twenty-kilometre walk

4. 1. a fair-haired child 2. a short-sleeved dress 3. a short-sighted boy 4. a long-necked animal 5. a pair of high-heeled shoes 6. a blue-eyed girl 7. a wide-brimmed hat 8. a broad-shouldered boy

5. 1. Government officials 2. tighter security measures 3. arms trafficking 4. drug smuggling 5. Customs officers 6. staff shortage 7. low pay levels

6. 1. orologi ad alta tecnologia 2. il mercato dei telefoni da miliardi di dollari 3. l'eroe dei fumetti degli anni 30 4. l'industria degli orologi 5. orologi-telefonini 6. amanti dei gadget 7. produttori di orologi 8. l'orologio TV 9. schermo a colori da un pollice e mezzo 10. potenziale di vendite 11. il gigante dell'elettronica 12. spazio per immagazzinare 13. carte di credito 14. documenti di viaggio 15. giornalieri (per impianti sciistici)

Forma possessiva del nome (genitivo sassone)

1. 1. Jane's letter was amusing. 2. My sister-in-law's brother is... 3. Paul's and Robert's motorbikes are made... 4. .. .Albert and Rita's boat? 5. ...Stephen King's books? 6. I'm sure this is James's jumper/this jumper is James's. ...it can't be anybody else's. 7. This farm was my great-grandfather's./This was my greatgrandfather's farm.

2. 1. An aunt of my mother's is... 2. Two colleagues of my husband's... 3. A child of the Wilson's... 4. Some poems of Claire's... 5. Some relatives of Tom's... 6. A friend of Alan's...

3. A brother of Fiona's/One of Fiona's brothers 2. a cousin of Jenny's/one of Jenny's cousins 3. those friends of George's 4. That friend of Sheila's 5. one or two cds of your sister's/one or two of your sister's cds 6. Some relatives of my wife's/Some of my wife's relatives.

4. 1. yesterday's newspaper 2. half an hour's break 3. next week's concert 4. a week's tour 5. two hours' rest

6. three hours' sleep

5. They are organizing a one-week tour to Scotland. - ... we decided to have a two-hour rest. - I only had a three-hour sleep.

6. a. It's forty minutes' walk (to work). 2. It's only fifteen minutes' drive. 3. It's twenty minutes' ride.

b. It's a forty-minute walk. 2. It's only a fifteen-minute drive. 3. It's a twenty-minute ride.

7. 1. the country's main industry/the main industry of the country 2. someone else's fault 3. a good record shop - the bottom of this street 4. the greengrocer's (shop) 5. three weeks' holiday/a three-week holiday 6. the Government's foreign policy/the foreign policy of the Government 7. the title of the book 8. The lives of the aged 9. Summer evenings 10. next summer's holidays 11 . an hour's rest/a one-hour rest 12. flower shop

8. Suggested answers: 1 . I often go to the flower market on Saturday morning(s). 2. The park is half an hour's walk/a half-hour walk from here. 3. We are about two hours' drive/a two-hour drive from Bath. 4. Where's the driver of this car? It's blocking the road. 5. Our room is number 215 and Paul's is 221 . 6. We spent the weekend at our friends' (house). 7. We only had one week's holiday/a one-week holiday this year. 8. What does Andrew's letter say? 9. A cousin of Ron's/One of Ron's cousins is a ski instructor. 10. This year's course is more interesting than last year's.

2 - Pronomi

"Si" impersonale

1. 1. We 2. They 3. You 4. people 5. One - one's

2. 1. Heavy showers are expected. . . 2. Second-hand books (are) bought and sold. 3. Alcohol is not served... 4. Candidates are requested to... 5. The causes of the disaster are still unknown.

Pronomi riflessivi - Pronomi reciproci

1. 1. ourselves 2. myself 3. herself 4. itself 5. yourself/yourselves 6. yourselves 7. themselves 8. himself 9. yourself/yourselves.

2. 1. X/yourself 2. my 3. himself 4. themselves 5. X 6. myself 7. X 8. yourself 9. my 10. her

3. 1. The minister himself/herself 2. by ourselves 3. (all) by herself 4. by themselves 5. by itself 6. I myself found...!1 found it extremely difficult myself.

4. 1. woke up 2. be getting late 3. got very angry 4. get bored 5. get married soon 6. fell ill 7. get hurt

8. fall asleep

5. 1. one another - each other 2. each other - themselves 3. themselves 4. ourselves 5. one another 6. each other - each other

6. 1. make yourself/yourselves 2. ask yourself/yourselves 3. taught herself 4. congratulated 5. wonder 6. apologized 7. make ourselves

(The) one, (the) ones

1. 1. the ones 2. These - the white ones/those white ones 3. one - The plaid one/This plaid one - the striped one/that striped one 4. The ones - the other one 5. A mint one - ones

2. 1. one - it 2. one 3. one - it - it - one 4. one - it 5. one

3. 1. Which ones 2. The ones 3. the ones 4. Which one? The blue one on the counter? 5. one. The one by the sink 6. tea 7. the money 8. one 9. the one

4. Suggested answers: 1. . How much is that bag in the shop-window? - Which one? The black (one) or the brown one? 2. I wanted/meant to buy a blue sweater/jumper but I bought a white one instead. 3. This jacket is too big/large for me. Haven't you got a smaller one? 4. . Who's that girl? - Which one? The one sitting next to Tom? . No, the other one. The one in the red dress. 5.. I'd like some chocolates. - Which ones do you want/would you like? . The ones (that) you gave me last time were very good. 6. . Who's got a guitar? - I have (got one), but I can't play it.

Pronomi e aggettivi possessivi

1. 1. friends of mine/of my friends 2. colleague of yours 3. some relatives of ours/some of our relatives 4. uncle of theirs 5. cousin of hers

2. 1. his/George's 2. husband's 3. hers 4. wife's cousins... 5. mine 6. Rod's 7. ours 8. yours...

3. 1. his 2. the 3. the/my 4. my - the 5. the 6. your 7. the 8. his 9. the 10. her

4. 1. my own 2. our own 3. their own 4. her own 5. their own 6. your own 7. my own 8. your own

5. Suggested answers: 1. A tennis ball hit/has hit that man right on the head. 2. Mabel has got a mole on her right cheek. 3. Can I bring another friend of mine to your party? 4. Can I borrow some of your cds/some cds of yours? 5. Last night/Yesterday evening we went to a restaurant with two new friends of Lucy's. 6. Yesterday I saw/met an old class mate/school friend of mine. 7. I know I'm acting against my own interest. 8. If you don't believe me, check the information (for) yourself. 9. Rose and Laura phone each other/one another almost every day. 10. You mustn't eat with your hands! 11. I don't like going to the cinema by myself/on my own. 12. One/You can't predict the future.

This e that

1. 1. That's 2. This - this 3. it 4. that/it 5. That 6. That's 7. that 8. that/it 9. that's/it's 10. that's

3 - Interrogativi

Who, what, which, how...?, what... like?

1. 1. Which/What 2. What 3. What/Which 4. Which (ones) 5. Which (one/ones) 6. what 7. Which one - What/(Which) 8. Who 9. What 10. what/which 11 . What

2. 1. which one 2. How far 3. what does he look 4. What did you do? 5. Where are you going? 6. How much did they cost/How much were they?/How much did you pay for them? 7. What was it/the weather like? 8. When is he coming? 9. how tall is he? 10. how did you go in the end?

3. 1. How high is Mount Everest? 2. How deep is the pool here? 3. - How long is the Suez Canal? - It's 169 km long. - And how wide is it? 4. - How fast can it run? - It runs 115 km an/per hour 5. - How far is Rome from here? It's 250 kilometres from here. 6. - How much do you weigh? - I weigh about 55 kilos. - And how tall are you? 7. How heavy is that parcel?

4. 1. d 2. k 3. f 4. b 5. h 6. j 7. a 8. g 9. c 10. e 11. i

5. 1. What's he like? - what does he look like 2. What's the matter/What's wrong 3. What was the weather like?/(How was the weather?) 4. What's wrong/What's the matter 5. How was the concert last night/What was the concert like last night? 6. What will the weather be like/What's the weather going to be like...

6. 1. Who slept in the house/How many of you slept in the house? 2. When/What time did the guests leave? 3. Who went to bed last? 4. What time was that/it? 5. Who/Which of you found the corpse? 6. When/What time did she find it? 7. Where was it?/Where did she find it? 8. Whose scarf is it? 9. How much will you inherit? 10. Why was he still dressed? 11. Where/Who

7. Suggested answers: 1. How wide is the river near the mouth? 2. This room is 7 m long and 5 m wide. 3. Ben Nevis is 1343 m. high. It isn't a very high mountain. 4. - How far is the lake from here? - It's only 25 km (away). We can go tomorrow if it isn't foggy like today. 5. What's the matter (with you) William? You look strange. 6. What's you sister like? / What does your sister look like? I mean, does she look like you? 7. - Why are you laughing? What's wrong with my face? - There's some lipstick on your cheek. 8. What's your room-mate like? Is she nice? 9. - What was the weather like at the seaside? - So so. It was sunny, but it was windy, too. 10. How fast were you driving when the police stopped you?

4 - Uso degli articoli

Regola generale

1. 1. a 2. the - a - a - X 3. X – the 4. a - a - a – X 5. an - an – X 6. X – X 7. a – a 8. an 9. an – the - the 10. an – the - X

2. 1. X - the 2. X - the 3. X 4. the 5. X -X 6. the 7. X – X – X – X – X - X 8. X - X - X - an - the. 9. The – the 10. X 11. X - the – the 12. X – the 13. X 14. the 15. X – X 16. a 17. X 18. X - the – X 19. the – the 20. X – the 21. X – X – X – the 22. X – X

Uso di the con nomi geografici

1. 1. the 2. X - X 3. X 4. X - the 5. the – X 6. X - X – X 7. The - X – the 8. X – X - the 9. the 10. X – X – X – X 11. The - the – the 12. the 13. X – an – the 14. the 15. X – the 16. The - the - X

Usi particolari di the e di a(n)

1. 1. the - X 2. the - a 3. the - the 4. X 5. the 6. X – the – X – the 7. a – X - the – X 8. X 9. X – X 10. an - the – the 11. X 12. X 13. The 14. an 15. a 16. The – the 17. X – a 18. X

2. 1. Habinyanja - a - X -X 2. Julia Roberts -a-X 3. Russel Crowe – a – a 4. Jeffries - X - X 5. Bjork - a - a

3. 1. X - X - a 2. a - X 3. a - X 4. a - a 5. a 6. a – a 7. the - X 8. X 9. X - a 10. X – a 11. a 12. X – a 13. a – a 14. a - a - a – X 15. X – the 16. X – the 17. X – the – X – the - X 18. the

4. 1. a) It wasn't what I was looking for. b) I wonder where the other one is.

2. a) Was that him or was it someone else? b) Was it really the famous basketball player?

3. a) Is he a new client? b) Can you talk to him now?

4. a) Who knows! b) I promise it'll be no later than Wednesday.

5. 1. X - X 2. X - X 3. X 4. The 5. The - the – the 6. X 7. X – the 8. X – X 9. X 10. An - a – the 11. the - the

6.

a) Interesting facts about animals.

A. 1. X 2. X 3. X 4. X 5. the 6. X 7. X 8. X

B. 1. X 2. X 3. X 4. X

C. 1. X 2. X 3. a 4. a

b) An unusual sight-seeing tour.

1. X 2. the 3. X 4. X 5. X 6. the 7. a 8. X 9. X 10. X 11. X 12. the 13. the 14. X 15. X 16. a 17. X 18. a 19. a 20. X 21. X 22. X 23. X 24. X

c) Do you eat with a knife and fork?

1. X 2. X 3. the 4. X 5. X 6. X 7. X 8. X 9. X 10. a/the 11. X 12. the 13. the 14. the 15. the 16. X

17. the 18. a 19. X 20. X 21. X 22. X 23. The 24. the 25. the 26.The/X 27. X 28. X 29. X 30. X 31. X 32. X 33. X 34. X

d) Dear diary...

1. a 2. The 3. X 4. the 5. A 6. a 7. the 8. a 9. the 10. a 11. X 12. X 13. an 14. X 15. X 16. the 17. X 18. X 19. X 20. X 21. the 22. the 23. X 24. The 25. a

5 - Espressioni di quantità

Much, many, a lot (of), plenty (of), (a) little, (a) few

1. 1. plenty of/a lot of 2. plenty of 3. hard 4. a lot of/plenty of 5. plenty/(a lot) 6. much/a lot - a lot 7. hard 8. many/(a lot of)

2. 1. a little - a few 2. few 3. little 4. a little - little 5. a little - a few 6. a few 7. a few 8. a little -little 9. a few

10. Few - a few

3. 1. a little - I put (very) little 2. We understood (very) little 3. Quite a few 4. We had (very) few 5. There aren't many 6. We haven't made much 7. plenty/quite a few 8. many/quite a few - a few

4. 1. plenty of/quite a lot of 2. a bit of /some of 3. much 4. several/quite a few 5. a bit/a drop 6. a bit

5. 1. a great deal/a good deal 2. it gives me great pleasure 3. nothing much/not much 4. I didn't think much of 5. much of a dancer 6. I haven't heard much of

6. 1. A great deal of / A large amount of 2. a great/good deal of 3. a great deal of 4. a great deal 5. A large number of / (A large amount of) 6. a great deal of 7. a small number 8. a great deal of/a large amount of

Tempo e distanza

1. 1. long 2. a long 3. a long 4. long - long 5. much 6. much 7. long 8. a long 9. a long 10. long

2. 1. far - a long way(away)/far - far - a short way/not far 2. a long way away - a short way/not far - far 3. a long way – far - X/away

6 - Indefiniti

Some, any, no, none

1.1. There's none left.2. There are no flowers... 3. There's no water... 4. there were none... 5. There are none... 6. I could get no information...

2. 1. any - no 2. any - no 3. no – no 4. any 5. any - none 6. none 7. any 8. any

3. 1. some - any 2. any 3. some 4. any 5. no - any 6. any - any 7. None - any 8. Some 9. any 10. any 11. Any

12. Any

4. 1. more 2. more - other 3. longer 4. other 5. more 6. longer/more 7. more - other 8. longer

5. Suggested answers: 1. . Have you made any plans for your holidays? - No, I haven't made any/I've made none. 2. Mary never makes any mistakes in her class tests. 3. . Can I have some more milk? - I'm sorry, there's none left/there isn't any left. 4. . Can you lend me a pen? What/Which pen do you want? A blue one or a black one? . It doesn't matter. Any pen. 5. . Excuse me, which bus goes to the centre (of town)? - You can take any of these buses. They all go to the centre. 6. Lucy and Rose aren't good friends any more/any longer/are no longer good friends. 7.. Why don't you have some more cakes? - No, thanks. I'm on a diet. 8. They rarely show any good films at this cinema. 9. You can get/buy train tickets at any travel agency.

Composti di some, any, no, every

1. 1. something - everybody/everyone 2. anything 3.anybody/anyone 4. anywhere - somewhere 5. anything everything 6. somebody/someone 7. nothing 8. Everything/Anything 9. something 10. everywhere 11. anywhere 12. nobody/no one

2. 1. anybody/anyone else 2. something special 3. anything - Everything is 4. somewhere else 5. Everybody / Everyone else is 6. Is there anything interesting 7. anywhere else 8. There was nobody / no one interesting 9. I've got nothing new/I haven't got anything new 10. someone/somebody important

3. 1. Can any of you... 2. No one knows... 3. None of our friends... 4. Has everybody had... 5. Some of the competitors have

4. 1. a. anyone/anybody b. someone/somebody 2. a. somewhere - anywhere b. Anywhere 3. a. anything b. something 4. a. some b. any 5. a. Some b. any

5. 1. another 2. the other 3. another 4. another 60 5. the others 6. else 7. more 8. else 9. another

6. Suggested answers: 1. . I'd like to eat something sweet. Have we got any chocolates? - Perhaps there are some in that box. . 2. Can any of you pick Lucy up tonight/this evening? 3. I can't find the cat anywhere. He/It always hides somewhere when there are some guests. 4. I've got something very amusing/funny to tell you. 5. If none of you has (got) anything important to do this afternoon, we can go for a walk. 6. You can come and see me any time tomorrow. I'll be home all day. 7. If your gloves are not in that drawer I have no idea where else they could be. 8.. Where can I sit? - You can sit anywhere. The other guests are coming later. 9. The climate is changing almost everywhere in the world. 10. Anybody could do this job, but nobody wants to do it because it's boring.

Another, other, else

All, (the/a) whole, every, each, both, either, neither

1. 1. every 2. all 3. all 4. everybody/everyone 5. All 6. every 7. Everybody/Everyone 8. all - everything/it all 9. every - everybody/everyone

2. 1. each 2. each/(every) 3. each 4. Every 5. every

3. 1. the whole afternoon 2. her whole family 3. whole villages 4. invariata 5. The whole class 6. the whole book 7. a whole hour

4. 1. all 2. anyone/anybody 3.else 4. Every 5. no 6. nothing 7. all 8. all 9. more/longer 10. any 11. whole

5. a) 1. Both - are. 2. either 3. Neither b) 1. All - are 2. are all 3. Neither is/are 4. are both c) 1. They are all 2. None - are/is 3. One of them is

6. 1. Neither - either 2. none 3. either - both 4. neither 5. none 6. either - any

7. 1. both 2. neither 3. nor 4. none 5. Each / Every 6. every / each 7. all 8. All 9. either 10. or 11. none

12. all 13. both

8. 1. The hostages have all been released 2. They are all flying... 3. The rooms were all... 4. They all had... 5. All of us enjoyed... 6. The two boys have both applied 7. They both have... 8. They are both... 9. ...were given a toy each/were each given a toy 10. These pens cost € 2 each. 11. They each gave.. .

7 - Aggettivi

Caratteristiche e posizione

1. 1. young and charming prince/charming young prince 2. blue 3. tall marble tower 4. beautiful princess 5. cruel step-mother 6. blue 7. long black 8. nice and big 9. lonely 10. blonde 11. fair-haired, blue-eyed princess 12. deep ditch 13. smooth walls 14. desperate 15. very determined 16. 50 feet tall 17. 35 feet high

18. 17 feet long 19. 14 feet wide 20. 9 feet deep 21. 20 feet long

2. 1. a small quiet village 2. at least two metres tall 3. dye my hair red 4. a blue and white flag 5. is nice and warm 6. his advice useful 7. everything difficult 8. a nice girl 9. short brown curly hair

3. 1. a cheap second-hand car 2. inexpensive dry white wine 3. fantastic seventeenth-century Tuscan 4. short black and white silk skirt 5. cute little turned up nose 6. ugly pink handmade woollen pullover 7. sweet little old lady. . . million dollar bank robbery 8. incomprehensible technical 9. toasted cheese sandwich - chocolate milk 10. tall... thin... loose low rise

Forme e usi

1. 1. exciting 2. excited 3. satisfying 4. satisfied 5. interested 6. surprising 7. interesting 8. boring 9. bored

10. frightening 11. frightened 12. surprised - exhausted - tiring

2. 1. a sick 2. sick 3. small 4. embarrassed 5. lonely – alone 6. alive 7. only 8. a live 9. live 10. a frightened

3. 1. Polish 2. Swedish 3. Turkish 4. Scots 5. Canadians 6. Welshman

4. 1. Englishman - Italians 2. Americans and the Russians 3. Norwegians 4. Swiss 5. Americans 6. Italians and Germans 7. China 8. Arabic 9. Finns 10. Indians 11. Belgian 12. Danes

5. Suggested answers: 1 . I shared a room with a French girl when I was in England. 2. I met two very nice Irish boys on the train. Their names were Sean and Peter. 3. We spent a nice holiday in the Scottish Highlands. 4. There were many/a lot of Japanese (people) at the trade fair.

6. 1. the sick 2. the homeless and the old 3. the unemployed 4. the rich - the poor 5. young people

7. 1. the dead 2. young people 3. homeless people 4. the blind/blind people 5. The disabled person / man

Complementazione degli aggettivi

1. 1. at 2. for 3. of 4. to 5. to 6. of 7. for 8.in 9. of 10.for 11.for 12. of

2. 1. of 2. for 3. at 4. to 5. at 6. to 7. at 8.to 9. for 10.to 11.to

3. 1. for your children to stay... 2. of Sam to remember... 3. for Robert to make friends easily. 4. of me to turn down their offer. 5. for you to solve this puzzle. 6. for the show to begin. 7. of me to suspect him. 8. for inexperienced skiers to venture...

4. 1. to eating spicy food. 2. of being followed. 3. of defending her opinions. 4. about being sacked. 5. to hear... 6. of driving racing-cars. 7. of explaining this to you. 8. of travelling... 9. to understand. 10. in renting... 11. in collecting... 12. in believing he was very clever.

5. 1. of driving/to drive... 2. of having/I might have 3. to pass... 4. of passing... 5. of being unemployed 6. to ask anybody for some money. 7. about forgetting/I forgot... 8. to keep/for keeping/I'm keeping you waiting.

Avverbi comunemente usati con aggettivi

1. 1. amazed / astonished 2. furious 3. freezing 4. excellent / terrific 5. awful / dreadful 6. an enormous 7. an extraordinary 8. tiny 9. exhausted 10. delighted

2. a) 1. fast 2. wide 3. brand 4. seriously 5. terribly/utterly 6. well 7. utterly 8. all 9. raving 10. freezing

b) sentences 5 and 10

8 - Comparazione

Formazione del comparativo e superlativo

1. 1. fatter - the fattest 2. thinner – the thinnest 3. more sensible - the most sensible 4. wiser - the wisest 5. earlier - the earliest 6. cleaner - the cleanest 7. more clearly - (the) most clearly 8. more convenient - the most convenient 9. simpler/more simple - the simplest/the most simple 10: cleverer/more clever - the cleverest/the most clever 11 . lovelier/more lovely - the most lovely/the loveliest 12. more useful - the most useful 13. better - the best 14. worse - the worst

2. 1. faster 2. slimmer 3. the most popular 4. the highest 5. more comfortable 6. (the) more attractive 7. the most expensive 8. The nearest 9. the most intelligent 10. larger 11. better 12. worse

3. 1. It's the most incredible story (that) I've ever heard. 2. He's the funniest person (that) I've ever met. 3. It was the most disgusting meal (that) we'd ever had. 4. It was the poorest country (that) I'd ever been to. 5. It's the best match (that) they've ever played. 6. It's the worst weather (that) we've had in years.

4. 1. bigger than - the biggest planet in 2. taller than - the tallest 3. faster than - the fastest of 4. more poisonous than - the most poisonous in 5. better at basketball than - the best player in… 6. worse mark than - the worst mark in 7. larger than - the largest desert in… 8. shorter than - the shortest month of..

More / the most; less / the least / fewer / the fewest

1. 1. You map is more detailed than mine. Mine is less detailed (than yours). 2. Our friends eat out more often than us/than we do. - We eat out less often (than they do). 3. The air in big cities is more polluted than (the air) in the country. - The air in the country is less polluted (than the air...) 4. You've got more free time than me/than I have. - I've got less free time than you (have). 5. There are more tourists in... than (there are) in September. - In September there are fewer tourists (than in...) 6. Harry earns less than Mandy. Mandy earns more than him/than he does. 7. Carla's English is more fluent than Francesca's, but it's less accurate. Francesca's English is less fluent than Carla’s, but it’s more accurate. 8. You've got more friends than me/than I have. - I've got fewer friends than you (have).

2. 1. Most people... 2. most of the weekend 3. most weekends/most of their weekends4. the fewest5. the

most 6. the least (money) 7. Most of my friends... 8. most of 9. Most of the 10. Most of the 11. Most young people 12. (the) least.

Aggettivi e avverbi con due forme di comparativo e superlativo –

Avverbi usati con comparativi e superlativi

1. 1. the latest - most 2. latest 3. last 4. later 5. farther/further 6. farther/ further 7. the farthest/furthest 8. further 9. elder/older - elder/older – older 10. The eldest/The oldest

2. 1. far 2. many 3. far 4. a little 5. very - even 6. a lot - much 7. a little 8. very - a lot 9. any 10. by far

11. very 12. the very

3. Suggested answers: 1 . It was cold for most of our stay in Scotland. 2. Most women like jewels. 3. I spent most of the day working in the garden. 4.. Where's Sam? - I haven't got the least idea. 5. I'm afraid John hasn't got the least chance of succeeding. 6. The Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. It's even smaller than the Republic of San Marino. 7. Has the latest issue of this scientific magazine/review come out yet? 8. I took two aspirins .half an hour ago, but I don't feel any better/I feel no better. In fact, my sore throat has got worse. 9. Mr O'Sullivan's horse is by far the fastest. I'm sure it'll win the race.

10. Sandra is very young. She's much younger than her brother.

Comparativo di uguaglianza

1. 1. as old as Vicky/the same age as Vicky 2. as tall as Vicky/the same height as Vicky 3. hair isn't as/so long as Ginny's 4. as good-looking as Ginny (is).

2. 1. isn't as/so expensive as... 2. isn't as/so fashionable. 3. wasn't as/so near as we thought. 4. isn't as/so friendly as her husband. 5. haven't got as/so many cds as Graham. 6. doesn't snow as/so much as in the past (or as/so often as...)

3. 1. as much as that one (does). 2. as sour as a lemon. 3. as heavy as yours.

4. as/so late as yesterday. 5. as hard as a rock. 6. as/so many sports as Jane (does). 7. size as you (do). 8. as/so early as yesterday.

4. 1. as much (for mine). 2. as large as that one. 3. as many. 4. distance as the tennis club. 5. as many. 6. such a good restaurant as they say.

5. 1. than 2. as/that 3. than 4. where 5. as 6. in7. as8. as 9. than 10. of 11. (that) 12. as 13. than 14.on 15.of

6. 1. smaller 2.as luxurious as 3. less expensive 4. cheaper.. .than 5. as/so many friends as 6. as/so much fun

7. better shape 8. more hair 9. more/a lot of money 10. better 11. happier 12. younger

Particolari forme di comparative

1. 1. as long as possible/as I can. 2. as much as possible/as she can. 3. as wide as possible/as you can. 4. as soon as possible/as you can 5. as many as possible/as I could. 6. as little noise as possible/as we could 7. as fast as possible/as I can

2. 1. thicker and thicker - more and more difficult 2. less and less 3. worse and worse 4. more and more enthusiastic 5. More and more

3. 1. worse and worse. 2. more and more interesting. 3. longer and longer. 4. fewer and fewer. 5. more and more dangerous.

4. 1. The more you exercise, the fitter you'll get. 2. The more I see Mr Johnson the less I like him. 3. The further south we drove, the hotter it got. 4. The harder I studied, the less I remembered. 5. The younger you are, the more quickly you learn. 6. The more I think about it, the more I realize I was wrong. 7. The angrier she got, the louder her voice became. 8. The more dangerous a sport is, the more he enjoys it.

5. 1. The most convenient way 2. little as 3. faster 4. less 5. the most popular 6. longer than 7. the best 8. more than 9. best 10. the latest 11. the most interesting 12. as early as 13. largest 14. most famous 15. last 16. more than 17. as famous as 18. less crowded 19. cheaper

6. Suggested answers: 1. I could never be as good as you. (Not) even if I studied as hard (as you). 2. Eugene has always been very lucky. He bought a painting at a market and then he found out that it's/it was worth at least twice as much as he paid for it. 3.. How was the film/What was the film like? - Not bad, but it wasn't as good as everyone said. 4. Giorgio has (got) the same blue eyes as his grandfather's. 5. That dog is as big as a calf! 6.. This place is getting more and more crowded. - And noisier and noisier, too. Let's go out as soon as we've finished/we finish drinking our coffee. 7. It's going to rain. Let's go (back) home as fast/as quickly as we can/as possible. 8. Mark is really stubborn. The more you try to convince him, the less he listens to you. 9.. The warmer the air gets/becomes, the lighter it gets/becomes, and the lighter it is, the higher it goes. - So that's why my feet are cold!

9 - Pronomi relativi

Frasi relative non incidentali

1. 1. (which) 2. who 3. (who) 4. (which) 5. who - which 6. (which) 7. who 8. (which) 9. which

2. 1. ...the presents (that/which) you received for your birthday. 2. That's the lady who/that was complaining... 3. ...a horror film that/which gave me.... 4. ... the video (that/which) we made on our last holiday? 5. ...the magazine that/which was on the table? 6. ...a farmer who/that has... 7. The apple tree (that/which) we planted two years ago hasn't... 8. things (that/which) we've got to buy.

3. 1. (that/which) the dog was put to sleep with. 2. (that/which) the burglars got in through. 3. (that/which) they were looking for. 4. (that/which) they were running away with. 5. (that/which) they crashed into. 6. (that/which) they were taken to.

4. 1. (that/which) we stayed at had a magnificent... 2. (who/whom/that) we went trekking with were… 3. (who/whom/that) Fiona is getting married to was... 4. (that/which) I'd rather not talk about. 5. (that/which) I had never thought of. 6. (who/whom/that) I could never get on with. 7. the photo (that/which) you were looking for? 8. (that/which) Mr Thorp was killed with. (or with which Mr Thorp...) 9. (that/which) my parents would like to buy. 10. (that/which) Ralph is working for is going...

5. 1. when 2. how 3. where 4. why 5. why 6. when 7. where 8. why 9. how 10. where

6. 1. Alan goes out with a girl I used to go out with. 2. That's the man you sold a fake jewel to. 3. The group Mark plays with is very good. 4. The people I work with can't... 5. Is this the boat he crossed the ocean on? 6. The flat I'm looking for must be... 7. Is this the famous painting you were talking about? 8. I bought the cd you were listening to at the record shop. 9. The house Desmond lives in has… / The house where Desmond lives has... 10. The village she comes from is...

7. 1. whose life sounds... 2. whose names are not..? 3. whose meaning is not clear enough. 4. whose beauty attracts tourists... 5. whose houses were damaged... 6. whose political views you totally disagree with/with whose political views you totally disagree?

8. 1. which / that 2. what 3. whom 4. what – that / X 5. where / (in which) 6. X / when / that 7. whose 8. X / which / that 9. which 10. what - what 11. X / that 12. when / that / X 13. X / that 14. X / that / who(m) – who / that 15. what

Frasi relative incidentali

1. 1. This TV set, which I only bought four months ago, doesn't... 2. ...Angela, who asked me about you. 3. T.E. Lawrence, who/whom the Arabs called Lawrence El Arab, helped... 4. ...my flat, which was very kind of him. 5. Emma, whose mother is English and whose father is Italian, is... 6. ...Albert, who/whom you met while we were in Africa, now writes.... 7. ...this morning, which surprised everybody. 8. The Dead Sea, which is the lowest depression on Earth, is... 9. Konrad Lorenz, whose studies...well-known, is the founder... 10. ...Alaska, which he liked very much. 11. ...a boat, in which he intends to travel around the world/which he intends to travel around the world in. 12. ...of Peter's, to whom he's deeply attached/who(m) he's deeply attached to, is seriously ill.

2. 1. (that/which) 2. the fish, which in fact... 3. ...memory, which was a disaster... 4. (that/who/whom) - whom 5... .Sally, who/whom 6. whose 7. That boy, whose... competition, is only... 8. ...brother, who is... than she is, was... 9. ...outside, both of whom... 10. ...trousers, all of which...

3. 1. which 2. X 3. which 4. who 5. X/why 6. X 7. X 8. who/X 9. which 10.who 11.X 12. which/(that)

Participi e infinito in luogo di frasi relative

1. 1. that man sitting - the one wearing 2. the painting stolen 3. ( 4. The path leading 5. a flat overlooking 6. The strike announced 7. ( 8. a guy walking 9. the man living

Composti in –ever

2. 1. Whoever wrote... 2. Whenever he sees me... 3. Wherever he goes, sooner or later... 4. However well you do it, they... 5. Whichever road / Whichever of these roads you take, they all... 6. Whatever caused... 7. Whoever built ... 8. wherever they liked 9. Whatever he may say,... 10. However you try, you'll never... 11. whenever she comes...

10 - Avverbi

Forme dell'avverbio

1. 1. sympathetically 2. angrily 3. permanently at our boarding house/at our boarding house permanently 4. express your opinion freely/freely express your opinion 5. drives fast 6. wisely 7. early 8. plays well but sings badly 9. works hard 10. I simply guessed 11. his accusations publicly. 12. to the driver in a friendly way 13. dramatically in this country... 14. English fluently 15. …free on Sundays.

2. 1. hard 2. hardly 3. highly/most 4. late 5. lately 6. nearly 7. near - clear 8. clearly 9. most 10. mostly 11. high

Tipi di avverbi e loro posizione

1. 1. has always been concerned. 2. When she first started working. . ., but (soon) she (soon) got promoted and (now) she is (now) the managing director (now). 3. turn down the music now. 4. doesn't arrive soon 5. (First) you beat the eggs (first) and then you add 6. but I was younger then. 7. I was (immediately) struck (immediately) by how flat it is. 8. Call him immediately. 9. I've only (once) been to London (once), but I hope to go there again soon. 10. (Once) there were a lot of abandoned factories (once) in this part of the city (once), but (eventually) they were (eventually) converted into luxurious lofts and offices.

2. 1. his face clearly in the dark 2. wrongly informed 3. He very impolitely remained 4. addressed her very rudely 5. was badly hurt/hurt badly 6. play the violin very well. 7. three languages fluently 8. woke up suddenly/suddenly woke up 9. distinctly heard 10. has been thoroughly investigated/investigated thoroughly 11 . must be clearly written/written clearly

3. 1. I absolutely refuse 2. has quite upset 3. were badly injured 4. I could hardly walk... 5. were deeply in love 6. Elaine certainly / Certainly Elaine 7. they just wanted 8. I quite understand 9. I rather think (= I tend to think) / she rather likes (= in a way she likes) 10. We'll probably leave / Probably we'll leave... 11. we probably won't go 12. Bruce definitely works...

Alcuni avverbi particolari

1. 1. yet - already 2. still- already 3. already 4. yet - yet 5.yet 6. still 7. already - still 8. yet - already 9. still 10. yet 11. already 12. still

2. 1. ...the bank yet? 2. We still have - We only moved/... only fifteen days ago. 3. it's already 3.30/3.30 already - hasn't arrived yet. 4. He still didn't know... 5. In fact I only met.../met her only two weeks ago. 6. Have you already finished/finished that book already? You only just started... 7. I'm only doing this/I'm doing this only because... 8. You've only just met me....

3. 1. over here 2. over there 3. in here 4. out there 5. around here 6. near here

4. 1. Here it is 2. Here you are 3. there they are 4. Here's your change 5. Here comes Cooper's car 6. Here are the keys 7. There it is 8. Here comes my bus

5. Suggested answers: 1. Are you still having a bath? Haven't you finished yet? 2. Have you finished your homework already / Have you already finished..? You only started half an hour ago. 3. My grandfather is 88 (years old) and he still drives. 4. Has Jimmy arrived home yet? - No, he hasn't arrived yet and it's already 8 o'clock. 5. You've already told me your surname three times and I still can't remember it. 6. Are you still living / Do you still live with your parents?

Also, too, as well, not...either, even...

1. 1. too much noise 2. too small 3. enough money 4. enough bread 5. too many people 6. thick enough

7. warm enough 8. too hot 9. enough chairs 10. tall enough

2. 1. These shoes are too tight for Connie to wear. 2. There wasn't enough light (for us) to see... 3. The car isn't small enough (for them) to park. 4. The problem is too difficult for Liz to solve. 5. The chair is too high for the child to climb on. 6. The river is too dangerous for David to swim across. 7. The van wasn't big enough for everybody to squeeze into. 8. The water isn't deep enough for Colin to dive into.

3. 1. Even 2. also 3. even 4. also - even 5. either 6. (exhausted) too - also - even 7. either 8. even 9. even 10. either

4. 1. and so does my friend. 2. and neither/nor has Adam. 3. and so would Adam. 4. and so did Daria.

5. and neither/nor was the acting. 6. "Neither/Nor is mine." 7. and so is the pub. 8. and neither/nor will Richard.

Quite, fairly, rather, pretty, so

1. 1. quite/fairly 2. quite 3. rather 4. rather/quite 5. fairly/quite 6. rather/quite 7. rather/quite 8. rather/quite 9. quite/fairly 10. quite 11. quite 12. fairly 13. quite 14. rather/fairly

2. 1. to do so 2. So I've heard. 3. If so... 4. and I did so. 5. did so... 6. you so/to do so 7. Who said so? 8. I suppose so. 9. Well, if he says so/if that's so...

Inversione soggetto / verbo con avverbi di significato negativo

1. 1. Only now do I realise... 2. Never have I said... 3. Only then did we learn... 4. Not only does she speak... 5. Hardly had we set off... 6. Not until he left her did she realize... 7. Only after the discovery of penicillin could pneumonia be cured. 8. No sooner had they started...than... 9. Neither do I care. 10. Nor did he leave...

11 - Preposizioni

Preposizioni di tempo - At, on, in: ore, giorni, mesi, anni

1. 1. during the - at 2. at/on 3. at the/on the 4.in 5.on - on 6. at 7.at-in the 8. during the/in the 9. on 10. in during the/in (the) - in (the) 11. in the - at 12.on

2. 1. X - on 2. X - on 3. on 4. at – X 5. on 6. X/(At) - At - on - in 7. in 8. on 9. at 10. X

Altre preposizioni di tempo

1. 1. in 2. in/over/during 3. at 4. in 5. at/by 6. for 7. X 8. On 9. by 10. before 11. on 12. at/on 13. X 14. at 15. during/of 16. X 17. from 18. to 19. On 20. in 21. until/till 22. between 23. at

2. 1. by 2. within 3. in 4. until/till 5. in 6. by 7. until/till 8. by 9. in 10. within 11. by

Preposizioni di luogo

Posizione: at, in, on

1. 1. in - in 2. in 3. on at 4. at 5. in 6. at - in 7. on 8. at/on 9. at - on - at/in 10. on - on 11. on 12. in 13. on 14. in

2. 1. on - at 2. in - in 3. at 4. on - in 5.on – in - in 6.on 7.on 8.on 9. in 10. X 11. in 12. in/(at) - on 13. in 14. X - at - on - on 15. on 16.on

Moto

Altre preposizioni di luogo (moto e stato)

1. 1. to 2. to - in 3. X - X 4. at 5. in 6. to - to 7. to - at 8. to 9. to 10. on - to - on - on

2. 1. out of 2. out of - in 3. off 4. off - in 5. on 6. from - to/towards 7. out of - on 8. into 9. from/out of - onto 10. in - to

3. 1. beyond 2. (very) close to 3. beside 4. by/beside 5. outside – inside 6. opposite 7. across 8. Come upstairs 9. are downstairs

4. 1. through 2. towards 3. across 4. in front of 5. round 6. behind 7. into 8. out of 9. towards 10. over

11. along 12. as far as 13. across 14. until/till

5. 1. over 2. over 3. over - below 4. on - over/on 5. below 6. over 7. on - above/below 8. on - above/over

9. above/below - below/above 10. over 11. under - over/above - on 12. over - above 13. over - above 14. over

6. 1. across/over - across 2. across 3. across/over - at the end 4. at the end 5. in the end 6. through 7. across

8. in front of 9. among 10. among - between 11. as far as 12. as far as the crossroads/till you get to 13. on the coast - with - by the sea

Relazioni diverse da spazio / tempo

1. 1. on - on - by - on 2. by 3. by - by - by - in 4. in/on 5. on/by 6. on

2. 1. as 2. like 3. as 4. like 5. like 6. as 7. Unlike 8. As 9. as – like 10.As 11.as 12.as

3. 1. on 2. about 3. on/about - in 4. in 5. from 6. besides/apart from 7. instead 8. from 9. from 10. on - by

4. 1. out of 60. 2. because of you. 3. but rice for fifteen days. 4. But for Max... 5. out of 15 got the job. 6. Except for/Apart from/But for a few sketches... 7. except (for) Ann and Tim.

5. 1. in 2. on 3. After 4. in 5. at 6. by 7. for 8. about/on 9. of 10. in 11. In 12. to 13. for 14. Among 15. for 16. but 17. After 18. to 19. in 20. in 21. as 22. In 23. for 24. by 25. about 26. to 27. for 28. in 29. to 30 by 31. at

Alcuni usi idiomatici di preposizioni

1. 1. in 2. in - from 3. in - at 4. at - by - on 5. in/X - by 6. on - out of 7. for 8. to 9. out of 10. on - to 11. for

12. out of

2. 1. about 2. about/(of) 3. in 4. on . 5. on 6. at 7. for 8. from 9. to - about 10. of 11. against 12. for

3. 1. suffer 2. shivering / trembling 3. spending / wasting 4. blame 5. rely

12 - Connettivi

Tempo

1. 1. At last you're back / You're back at last! 2. As/Just as she got... 3. In the meantime/Meanwhile 4. after a while 5. On starting the engine...! As he started the engine, ... 6. Eventually

2. 1. he started to speak / starting to speak 2. First – then / after that 3. Afterwards 4. as long as 5. until I start 6. while 7. he had tried on/trying on finally/eventually 8. we moved

Includere / escludere o esprimere alternativa

1. 1. both Mr Clark and his wife 2. neither large nor beautiful 3. neither playing video games nor watching TV 4. Both Tom and his friend Jack 5. neither Mary nor Paul 6. both speak and write

2. 1. will both reserve the flight and book the hotel. 2. is both a physicist and a professional clarinet player. 3. must both fill in...and send your curriculum vitae. 4. will be both broadcast/will both be broadcast on the radio and shown on TV 5. neither confirmed nor denied... 6. It's neither an aeroplane nor a hot-air balloon.

3. 1. ...we can meet either on Friday or on Saturday./.. .we can either meet on Friday or on Saturday. 2. You can either type the translation or record it. 3. We can either pay cash or by credit card. 4. Either you listen or you leave the classroom.5 …you can either go to Germany or attend...

4. 1. as well as penguins and sea-lions 2. visiting New York we also spent... 3. winning the lottery, Greg also inherited... 4. organizing a surprise party.., my friends also gave me. . .

Modo - Scopo

1. 1. ...early to avoid / in order to avoid / so as to avoid / so that he would avoid 2. ...so that they'll receive it in time. 3. ...louder in order not to / so as not to hear the noise.../so (that) she wouldn't hear... 4. ...the window so that the smell of fried fish will go away. 5. ...the cellar door so that the cat can get in and chase mice. 6. ...stopped so that the tourists could take... 7. ...the front row in order not to / so as not to miss a word.../ so (that) they wouldn't miss... 8. ...today so that tomorrow we can relax. 9. ...very cautiously in order not to / so as not to fail / so (that) they wouldn't fall. 10. ...before speaking in order not to / so as not to sound angry. / so (that) he wouldn't sound angry.

2. 1. If 2. in case 3. in case 4. if 5. In case 6. If 7. in case 8. if 9. If 10. in case

Connettivi di causa ed effetto

1. 1. Charles couldn't finish his tennis match because/as/since he had... As/Since/Because Charles had a pain... he couldn't... - Charles had a pain... Therefore/As a result, he couldn't... Charles couldn't... because of a sudden pain... 2. As/Since/Because only two of the members..., it was rejected. - The proposal was rejected as/since/because only two... - Only two of the members... Therefore/As a result, it was rejected.

3. The whole dispute started because of a misunderstanding. 4. As/Since/Because his assertions..., the conclusion.:. - His assertions were.. . Therefore/As a result, the conclusion... - The conclusion is erroneous as/since/(because) his assertions... 5. There were too few voters. Therefore/As a result, the session was adjourned. - As/Since/Because there were..., the session... - The session was... as/since/because there were... 6. My parents weren't... Therefore/As a result I had to... - As/Since/Because my parents... I had to take... - I had to take part-time jobs... as/since/because my parents...

2. 1. He's so tall (that) he hits... 2. ...had such a good review in the paper (that) we all... 3. ...so near the airport (that) he cannot... 4. Japanese is so difficult (that) I don't think... 5. ...such a small number of subscribers (that) we'll have to... 6. It's so cold (that) we'll have to... 7. ...such a longtime/so long by car (that) I prefer to... 8. ...such a lot of/so many debts (that) I wonder how..; 9. It's such lovely weather (that) it's a pity.. ./The weather is so lovely (that) it's a pity...

3. 1. if / whether 2. if / whether 3. if 4. Whether 5. If 6. Whether 7. whether 8. whether 9. whether

10. whether

Connettivi di aggiunta e contrasto

1. 1. even so / nevertheless / however 2. What's more / On top of that - on top of that / what's more 3. However 4. though / however 5. Anyway / However 6. Even so / Nevertheless / However 7. besides/(what's more/on top of that)

2. 1. In spite of the fact that 2. On the other hand 3. whereas 4. Though 5. Besides

3. 1. Although they are twin brothers, they've got... 2. It was the beginning of the summer. However, it was still… 3. Although Oscar hadn't…, he went all the same. 4. Although she felt…, she didn't want to show it. 5. He knew the answer. However, he didn't have...

Altri connettivi usati per strutturare un discorso

1. 1. I'm sorry 2. I'm afraid 3. However 4. as a rule 5. since 6. By the way

2. 1. such as 2. though / however 3. Talking about - such as 4. However / All the same 5. As to – Actually / As a matter of fact 6. All the same / However 7. Actually / As a matter of fact

3. 1. According to 2. so 3. then 4. A month later 5. when 6. This time 7. and yet 8. and

4. 1. if 2. unless 3. Yet 4. whether 5. As long as 6. so... that 7. as if 8. so 9. If

5. Suggested answers: 1. I stopped smoking three months ago and I still don't smoke. 2. As there's nothing else... 3. when 4. whereas 5. since 6. when 7. While 8. Follow your mother's advice or Behave the way she would like you to. 9. The moment (that) 10. Gradually, while... (= a mano, a mano che…)

6. 1. whereas/while + g 2. as if + e 3. so that + h 4. since/as/because + b 5. although/even though + i 6. even though/although + c 7. in case + f 8. as/since/because + d 9. because/(as/since) + a

Say it right

1. 1. weather 2. time - watch 3. hour - home 4. time 5. hear – house 6. Look - watching us/looking at us watch 7. lessons - lesson – hours 8. Listen 9. hear 10. listen to 11. home - house 12. home - saw - house 13. watched 14. watching 15. seen 16. seen - saw

2. 1. spoke 2. talking 3. say – spoken to 4. talking to 5. said to/(told) - tell John/speak to John - said 6. talking 7. speaking/talking 8. speak 9. saying 10. talking - said 11. spoke to/(talked to) - said

3. 1. speak 2. Speaking 3. take 4. bring 5. take 6. take/get 7. tell 8. brought 9. carry 10. take/took 11. carry

12. spoken 13. told 14. wearing 15.put on 16.bring

4. 1. passed 2. spent 3. parents 4. relatives 5. farm 6. farm 7. passed 8. to 9. sound 10. children 11. factory 12. misses 13. planning 14. job

5. 1. do - Have - made 2. doing - making 3. do 4. made 5. done 6. made 7. having 8. done - done 9. had

10. do/make 11. had 12. made - do 13. making 14. do 15. having 16. doing - doing 17. made 18.do 19. doing - made 20. made 21. make 22. make 23. making - done

6. a) 1. ticket 2. booked 3. found out/discovered 4. fares 5. check b) 6. fee 7. taking 8. book 9. make 10. feel 11. nervous 12. taken 13. control 14. subjects 15. check 16. discovered 17. invented

7. 1. voyages/travels 2. journey 3. travel 4. trip 5. trip 6. journey 7. travels

8. 1. game 2. Play/Playing 3. play 4. games - play 5. playing – game 6. riddle - play 7. play - jokes

8. played - play 9. plays – plays 10. joking

9. 1. after - Then - when - then 2. wait 3. attending 4. expecting 5. expecting 6. expecting -: after 7. attending 8. fits - suits 9. suit 10. fit 11. lies 12. lay/is lying/was lying 13. lying -laying 14. dresses - suits 15. laid - Then

10. 1. incident 2. checking 3. playing 4. expecting 5. ring 6. tall 7. looked/seemed 8. accident 9. wait for 10. expected 11. reminded 12. remember 13. accident 14. sounded 15. felt 16. high 17. control

11. 1. ask him (for) 2. inform 3. advised 4. asked for 5. demand 6. notice - requested 7. require 8. client

9. customer 10. advice 11. notice 12. customers 13. client

False friends

1. 1. policy 2. present 3. missed 4. opportunity 5. lost 6. chance 7. possibility 8. politics 9. rise 10. labour 11. risen 12. raised 13. expect 14. job 15. possibility 16. educated 17. foreigner 18. lost 19. job 20. factory 21. opportunity 22. possibility 23. stranger 24. foreigner 25. suspicious 26. look

2. 1. polite 2. an argument 3. subject 4. discussion 5. an educated 6. confidence 7. familiarity

3. 1. genial 2. doing 3. reminded 4. make 5. a trivial 6. sensible 7. do 8. it first occurred to me 9. disappointment 10. sympathetic 11. had grown fond of 12. sensitive 13. delusions

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