White Plains Public Schools / Overview



The Roman Legacy

E. Napp

Objective: To identify and describe Roman achievements still impacting the world today

Do Now: Multiple-choice questions from previous lessons

|In both ancient Mesopotamia and the Roman republic, an important |4. Which development is most closely associated with the beginning of |

|feature of life was |the Byzantine Empire? |

|A codified set of laws |(1) emergence of the Russian Orthodox Church |

|Aqueducts to provide water |(2) division of the Roman Empire |

|Social and political equality for all |(3) building of the Hagia Sophia |

|A willingness to accept Christianity |(4) fall of Constantinople |

| | |

|In Western Europe, which development was a cause of the other three? |The major reasons for the Pax Romana was that the Romans |

|Warfare disrupted trade |Conquered the Mediterranean world |

|Travel became unsafe because of violence |Reached an agreement with Carthage |

|Cities, towns, and villages were abandoned |Followed the Code of Hammurabi |

|The Roman empire fell to barbarians |Allowed complete religious freedom |

| | |

|All of the following were reasons for the fall of Rome except |After the fall of Rome, the eastern portion of the Roman Empire became|

|Barbarian invasions |known as |

|High Taxes |Persian Empire |

|Corrupt Emperors |Byzantine Empire |

|Successful Military Campaigns |Mongol Empire |

| |Gupta Empire |

Cornell Notes Outline: The Legacy of the Romans (Add Key Words and Summaries)

|The Key Words: |The Notes: |

| | |

| |The Romans became blenders and adapters of many cultures over the centuries that they ruled their vast |

| |Empire |

| |Preserved Greek and Hellenistic culture |

| | |

| |Roman Law |

| |Flowing from the Twelve Tables (c. 450 B.C.E.) |

| |Precise in logic and organization |

| |Ideas like innocent until proven guilty and equality of citizens before the law |

| |Influenced later European legal systems |

| | |

| |Latin |

| |Common tongue of the Empire |

| |Helped to unify a vast region |

| |Became the language of the Christian Church |

| |Continued to be the intellectual language of Europe for more than 1000 years |

| |Basis of five modern, Romance languages |

| |Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Romanian |

| | |

| |Cultural Impact |

| |Roman engineers and architects adapted columns and stonemasonry of the Greeks and other civilizations |

| |to build an infrastructure (transportation and communication systems) |

| |Roads and aqueducts |

| |Columns, arches, and domes |

| |Temples like the Pantheon |

| |Literature |

| |Roman poets such as Virgil and Ovid |

| |Horace and Juvenal wrote to amuse and entertain |

| | |

|The Summaries: | |

| | |

| | |

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| | |

Working with Documents:

Document 1

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List principles of Roman law that show the Romans were concerned with protecting the rights of the defendant?

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Document 2

Excerpt from the Twelve Tables

• If anyone summons a man before the magistrate [judge], he must go…

• One who has confessed a debt, or against whom a judgment has been pronounced, shall have thirty days to pay it. After that, seizure of his person is allowed.

• Females should remain in guardianship even when they have become adults.

• If one has broken a bone of a freeman with his hand or with a club, let him pay a penalty of three hundred coins. If he has broken the bone of a slave, let him have one hundred and fifty coins. If one is guilty of insult, the penalty should be twenty-five coins.

1. List Roman laws that clearly influenced modern laws in the West today and Roman laws that are no longer used in the West today.

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Adapted from

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Using the chart above, answer the following questions:

1. List writers influenced by the Romans.

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2. How has Roman art influenced the history of art?

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3. Describe Roman architecture.

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4. How does Latin still influence people today?

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According to the passage, what are two scientific achievements of the Romans?

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According to the passage, what are two “engineering” achievements of the Romans? ________________________________________________________________________________

Why is the passage ironic (expressing something other than the literal meaning)?

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Excerpt from

“All right, but apart from the sanitation, the medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us?”

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