ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) Plasma membrane CYTOSKELETON
*not in plant cells ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
*Flagellum
Rough ER Smooth ER
*Centrosome
CYTOSKELETON: Microfilaments Intermediate filaments Microtubules
*Microvilli
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Chromatin
NUCLEUS
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Peroxisome
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
*Animal Lysosome Cell
The Nucleus
Where genetic material (DNA) is stored, gene expression begins.
1 ?m
Nucleolus Chromatin
Nuclear envelope: Inner membrane Outer membrane
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Region of nucleus where ribosomes are made
Nuclear pore
Surface of nuclear envelope
0.25 ?m
Pore complex
Ribosome
Close-up of nuclear envelope
Rough ER 1 ?m
Chromosomes
DNA molecules and associated proteins
Pore complexes (TEM)
Nuclear lamina (TEM)
Ribosomes
Carry out protein synthesis by the process of translation.
Cytosol Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Free ribosomes
Bound ribosomes
0.5 ?m TEM showing ER and ribosomes
Large subunit
Small subunit Diagram of a ribosome
Smooth ER Rough ER
Nuclear envelope
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER (RER)
ER lumen Cisternae
Ribosomes
Transport vesicle Smooth ER
Transitional ER Rough ER 200 nm
? ribosomes on cytoplasmic side of ER membrane synthesize proteins across ER membrane into ER
Smooth ER (SER)
? where new lipids are made
beginning of the secretory pathway
The Golgi apparatus
cis face ("receiving" side of Golgi
apparatus)
Cisternae
0.1 ?m
trans face ("shipping" side of Golgi
apparatus)
TEM of Golgi apparatus
? proteins destined to leave ER are transported to the Golgi where they are modified, sorted and sent to various destinations.
? polysaccharides are produced in the Golgi apparatus as well
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