Paper One: MACVSc



[pic]

Australian College of Veterinary Scientists

Fellowship Examination

June/July 2008

Small Animal Surgery

Paper 1

Principles

Perusal time: twenty (20) minutes

Time allowed: three (3) hours after perusal

Answer four (4) from the six (6) questions

Answer two (2) questions from Section 1 and two (2) questions from Section 2

All questions are of equal value

Subsections of questions are of equal value unless stated otherwise

Answer all parts of the question unless requested otherwise

Paper 1: Small animal surgery

Answer only four (4) from the six questions. Answer two (2) questions from Section 1 and two (2) questions from Section 2.

Section 1

Candidates must answer two (2) questions only from Section 1.

1. Answer all the following:

a) Define minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and discuss five (5) factors that affect it.

b) Define mean arterial pressure (MAP), list the techniques available in small animals to monitor MAP, and list the appropriate steps to take in response to intra-operative hypotension.

c) Discuss the anaesthetic considerations and recommendations in a seven-year-old cat with a cerebral meningioma undergoing a craniotomy for surgical removal of the tumour.

2. Discuss two (2) only of the following:

a) The proposed aetiology and pathogenesis of nonseptic loosening of cemented hip prostheses. Include in your answer a discussion of cytokine involvement and cellular changes.

d) The pathophysiology and effects of short bowel syndrome. Include a discussion of the adaptive changes that occur in the intestine subsequent to the reduced bowel length.

e) The proposed pathophysiology and options for managing both portal hypertension and post-ligation seizure syndrome following attenuation of extra-hepatic portosystemic shunts.

3. Answer all the following:

a) Describe the pattern of blood supply from a gross to microscopic level in canine long bones. Diagrams may be used.

f) Describe the changes to this pattern of blood supply that occur following fracture and during the healing process of long bones.

g) List the surgical principles used in biological osteosynthesis for fracture repair.

Section 2

Candidates must answer two (2) questions only from Section 2.

4. Regarding circular (ring) external skeletal fixators (CESF) in dogs:

a) Discuss the important factors that influence the biomechanical stability of CESF constructs.

h) Define ‘axial micromotion’ and how it influences bone healing.

i) Define ‘latency period’ and ‘distraction rate’ with reference to CESF and discuss their effects on bone healing.

5. A four-year-old, 30-kg dog presents two hours after receiving second and third-degree burns to the entire right side of the thorax and abdomen in a house fire. Answer both the following:

a) Discuss the local tissue changes and systemic effects of burns such as those described above in the dog.

j) Outline general principles for managing this case in the first 72 hours.

6. Discuss and justify the choices for perioperative fluid therapy in all the following patients:

– a 12-month-old domestic shorthaired cat with a ruptured bladder secondary to blunt trauma

– a 12-year-old labrador retriever with a pyloric outflow obstruction

– a six-month-old Australian terrier with a portosystemic shunt

– an eight-year-old German shepherd dog with acute gastric dilation volvulus.

End of paper

[pic]

Australian College of Veterinary Scientists

Fellowship Examination

June/July 2008

Small Animal Surgery

Paper 2

Practice

Perusal time: twenty (20) minutes

Time allowed: three (3) hours after perusal

Answer four (4) from the six (6) questions

Answer two (2) questions from Section 1 and two (2) questions from Section 2

All questions are of equal value

Subsections of questions are of equal value unless stated otherwise

Answer all parts of the question unless requested otherwise

Paper 2: Small animal surgery

Answer four (4) from the six questions. Answer two (2) questions from Section 1 and two (2) questions from Section 2.

Section 1

Candidates must answer two (2) questions only from Section 1.

1. Regarding atrioventricular (AV) block in the dog:

a) Discuss the categories of AV block and their diagnosis.

k) Discuss the indications and techniques for pacemaker implantation in the dog.

l) Discuss three (3) causes of pacemaker failure following implantation.

2. A four-year-old cat presents to you three days after having a dental procedure at another veterinary clinic. The cat has moderate to severe subcutaneous emphysema and mild dyspnoea thought to be due to a tracheal tear associated with intubation.

a) Describe the proposed aetiology/aetiologies of endotracheal tube-induced tracheal trauma.

m) List the steps in your initial management of this case before considering surgery.

n) Discuss your surgical management of this case, highlighting surgical approach, identification of the injury and repair technique.

o) Briefly describe potential postoperative complications of this surgery and their management.

3. Many surgical techniques have been proposed for managing cranial cruciate ligament disease in the dog. Using an evidence-based medicine approach, based on a discussion of the current literature, compare the techniques for surgical management of this condition.

Continued over page

Section 2

Candidates must answer two (2) questions only from Section 2.

4. Regarding megacolon in the cat, answer all the following:

a) Describe the blood supply to the feline colon and the implications for subtotal colectomy.

p) Compare and contrast two (2) techniques for performing a colocolonic anastomosis following subtotal colectomy in the cat.

q) Discuss the potential acute and chronic complications following subtotal colectomy in the cat.

5. In reference to syringomyelia in the dog, answer all the following:

a) Define syringomyelia.

r) Discuss the current mechanisms believed to contribute to its development in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel.

s) Discuss the clinical presentation and diagnosis of syringomyelia in the dog.

t) Discuss the treatment options for syringomyelia in the dog.

6. List all the appropriate options for reconstruction of the following tissue defects. For each option you provide, briefly describe the procedure and critical points in its use. Provide advantages and disadvantages for each option you list.

– a four-centimetre diameter soft tissue defect over the dorsal carpus in a 35-kg cross-breed dog

– a 10-cm distal radial bone defect in a 50-kg rottweiler dog following resection of a distal radial osteosarcoma (ie limb sparing).

End of paper

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download