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NAME: ____________________________ PERIOD: ___ DATE: _________MR. XIAO / MRS. BRANFORD GLOBAL HISTORY 10~ PEARL HARBOR TO NORMANDY ~The United States entered an era of isolationism after the end of World War I. After Franklin D. Roosevelt became the president of the United States in 1933 and after the fall of France in 1940, he wanted America to be more supportive of Allied war effort. In 1941, the Lend-Lease policy came into effect, and the United States sent warships, airplanes, tanks, and other war materials to Britain, China, and later the Soviet Union and other Allied nations.As Japan continued to expand in Asia and the Pacific, the United States became the biggest threat to Japanese aggression. On December 7, 1940, carrier aircrafts of the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked the American naval base in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu, without a declaration of war. More than 2,000 American soldiers were killed and more than 1,000 wounded. The U.S. Pacific Fleet had four battleships destroyed, four battleships damaged, and more than 300 aircrafts destroyed or damaged on the ground. However, no U.S. aircraft carriers were present, and important ground installations were not attacked.1228600“Yesterday, December 7, 1941— a date which will live in infamy— the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by the naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.” -Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 8, 1942.The United States declared war against Japan. In response, Germany and Italy also declared war on the United States.The naval battles of the Pacific theater was fought not with battleships and artillery like before. Instead, like the Attack on Pearl Harbor, they were fought with aircraft carriers. The United States halted Japanese aggression in the Battle of Coral Sea, and defeated the Japanese in the Battle of Midway.28860755715000While America mostly fought against Japan for the beginning of the war, Roosevelt and his advisers always saw Germany as the major threat in the war. As Japanese and German aggressions stopped, U.S. and Britain began to fight back. Allied troops landed in North Africa, defeating German and Italian forces there. Next to fall was Italy, and Mussolini was captured and shot by the Italian resistance. Finally, on 6 June, 1944, Allied forces landed on Normandy on the west coast of France, and pushed eastward into Germany.At the same time, the Soviet Union pushed Germany out of Eastern Europe. As the Allies pushed into German-controlled regions and liberated concentration camp after concentration camp, the full extent of the atrocities under Nazi Germany was finally revealed.Russian prisoners of war lifting up an American soldier after the US 9th Army liberated them from their campRabbi Schacter of the U.S. 3rd Army delivers a religious service after the liberation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp ................
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