RUSSIA: A TROUBLED HISTORY
RUSSIA: A TROUBLED HISTORY
(Chapter 14, Section 1 pp. 366-71)
** THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA
1. Early Yrs.
2. descendants from early Slavs
3. along river of Ukraine & Russia
3. 800s AD
4. built civilization around Kiev
3. 1000s AD
4. accepted Eastern Orthodox Church (Eastern Orthodox Catholic Church= Does not follow the pope
–Roman Catholic does follow pope)
1. Rise of the Czars
2. Czar = emperor (absolute monarchy)
3. held total control
3. had rich, comfortable lives
4. so did nobles
2. serfs
3. most people worked for nobles
3. farm laborers = sold w/ property
3. hard life
3. most illiterate
1. Dramatic Changes -1800s
2. 1812[pic]
3. Napoleon Bonaparte
4. led French army
4. invaded Russia
3. Russian soldiers + cold winters caused French retreat
3. 1812 Overture
4. composer = Peter Tchaikovsky
4. celebrates Russia’s win over France
2. 1800s
3. Russia expands
3. Czar Alexander II
4. Czar Liberator
5. freed serfs
6. serfs left in poverty
3. industrialize
4. economy = more manufacturing less farming (agriculture)
3. built Trans-Siberian Railroad
4. ran across country
** THE SOVIET ERA
1. 1914 – WWI begins
2. Russia-vs-Germany on Eastern Front
2. Russia = unprepared
3. many defeats
3. shortages of food
2. Czar Nicholas II is blamed
1. 1917-Russian Revolution
2. Czar Nicholas II forced to give up throne
3. by soldiers, political leaders & factory workers
2. later same yr.
3. Vladimir Lenin
4. second revolution = took control
4. communist state
5. government = total control
2. Moscow = new capital
3. moved from St. Petersburg b/c of fear of invasion
1. Growth of Soviet Union
2. 1922
3. After civil war
4. Communist had strong hold
3. formed USSR
4. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
2. 1924 – Lenin dies
3. Joseph Stalin = leader
3. took complete control of economy
3. killed opposition
4. or sent to Siberian work camps
3. mass murder and slave labor
2. 1941
3. Nazi Germany invades Soviet Union
4. Stalin is angry b/c Hitler betrayed agreement
4. Russia enters WWII – Allies
4. millions die (Russians)
1. A Superpower
2. After WWII
3. Stalin wants protection from invasion
4. sends troops & puts communism in
Eastern European countries
5. “iron curtain” – Winston Churchill
5. much corruption and killing
3. Much $ spent on military & weapons
3. 2 superpowers
4. US & USSR
5. Cold War (1940s-1980s)
6. competing for world influence
6. no real fighting b/t USSR +US
1. The Cold War Years (Russia)
2. Government factories and businesses – (Command Economy)
3. no competition
3. no one allowed to make a profit
3. factories become inefficient
4. make poor product
3. mostly produced military equipment
4. leaving few consumer goods to buy
4. food shortages
2. People very unhappy
3. various ethnic groups
4. believe government favored Slavs
4. wanted their own countries
1. Soviet Collapse
2. 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev = leader
3. lessened control
4. farmers & factory managers make own
decisions ( free market)
3. glasnost
4. means “openness”
3. increased demands by people led to fall of
communism
2. 1991 – 15 republics declare independence
3. USSR = no longer exists - now RUSSIA
First elected president of the Republic of Russia was Boris Yeltsin
[pic] Current president = Vladimir Putin
-----------------------
Early Slav
[pic]
[pic]
[pic]
Czar Ivan the Terrible
Napoleon Bonaparte
[pic]
Czar Alexander II – Czar Liberator
[pic]
[pic]
[pic]
[pic]
Boris Yeltsin
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