The Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership is a ...

Volume 3, No. 2 | Summer 2011

The Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership is a publication of the Regent University School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship

1333 Regent University Drive | Virginia Beach, VA 23464 | 757.352.4550 jbpl@regent.edu | ISSN 1941-4692 | ? 2011

Table of Contents

FROM THE EDITOR | Corn? Bekker

1

STEPHANAS AS MODEL LEADER: A SOCIAL IDENTITY PERSPECTIVE

3

ON COMMUNITY AND LEADERSHIP (MIS)FORMATION IN CORINTH |

Jack Berentsen

WHAT WAS PAUL THINKING? AN IDEOLOGICAL STUDY OF 1 TIMOTHY 2 |

14

Russell L. Huizing

ANTECEDENTS OF CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP: A SOCIO-RHETORICAL

23

ANALYSIS OF 1 TIMOTHY 3:1-7 | David A. Oginde

THE MENTOR RELATIONSHIP: AN EXPLORATION OF PAUL AS LOVING

32

MENTOR TO TIMOTHY AND THE APPLICATION OF THIS RELATIONSHIP

TO CONTEMPORARY LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES | Stacy E. Hoehl

REVELATION, FORESIGHT, AND FORTITUDE: HOW AWARENESS OF THE

48

FUTURE AFFECTED THE EARLY CHURCH AND HOW THEIR PAST MIGHT

INFLUENCE OUR FUTURE | Thomas D. Hollinger

INTEGRAL BIBLICAL LEADERSHIP | Steven S. Crowther

60

THE IDEOLOGY OF ACCEPTABILITY: HOW CONSIDERATIONS OF

77

ETHNOGRAPHY INFORM THE DOING OF LEADERSHIP | Angela N. Spranger

THE SERVING ORGANIZATION: JESUS VS. HIERARCHY IN

91

MATTHEW 20:20-28 | John H. Wilson

PERSONAL LEADERSHIP IDENTITY AND THE LOVE OF GOD:

99

INSIGHTS FROM THE LIFE OF DAVID | Diane J. Chandler

LEADERSHIP REFLECTION: A MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE SERVANT

118

LEADERSHIP PRACTICE: A BIBLICALLY-CONSISTENT AND RESEARCH-

BASED APPROACH TO LEADERSHIP | Justin A. Irving

Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership 3, no. 2 (Summer 2011). ? 2011 School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship, Regent University ISSN 1941-4692

From the Editor

Corn? J. Bekker, D. Litt. et Phil. Regent University School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship

I remain encouraged by the growing interest in the study of organizational leadership within the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures. JBPL continues to experience an increase in both the submissions we receive and in our reader audience. This edition of JBPL continues to broaden the horizon of exegetical-based research in organizational leadership in both scope and research methodology. Some of the highlights in this edition include a ground-breaking article on social identity and leadership formation in the Corinthian church by Jack Barentson from the Evangelische Theologische Faculteit in Belguim; a stirring study on personal leadership identity in the life of King David by Diane Chandler from the Regent University School of Divinity; and finally, a provocative exploration for a renewed Biblical-based model of Servant Leadership written by Justin Irving from Bethel University in St. Paul, Minnesota. We remain grateful for the support and guidance from our esteemed, international reviewers and the very competent support staff at the School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship at Regent University. Special thanks go to Eileen DesAutels Wiltshire for her tireless efforts in managing the proof-reading and publication requirements of the journal. We look forward to our continued interaction with our readers and co-researchers as we continue to search the Holy Scriptures for images, models, insights and information on organizational leadership. Peace and all good.

Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership 3, no. 2 (Summer 2011). ? 2011 School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship, Regent University ISSN 1941-4692

the editorial board

Representing a diverse group of scholars in biblical, social-science, historical and leadership studies, from around the world, the JBPL editorial board aims to provide a much needed multidisciplinary, as well as international perspective on current research and interest in Biblical perspectives in the study of leadership. Each member of the editorial board has been selected because of their published research and focused interest in the exploration of leadership within the Christian Scriptures and its application in the many varied contexts around the world. To contact the editorial staff, please send an email to jbpl@regent.edu.

Editorial Staff

Dr. Corn? Bekker Editor Regent University

Reviewing Members

Dr. Andrew D. Clarke University of Aberdee Scotland, UK

Dr. David J. Gyertson Regent University Virginia, USA Dr. Celia E. T. Kourie University of South Africa Gauteng, South Africa Dr. Bruce E. Winston Regent University Virginia, USA

Production Staff

Dr. Doris Gomez Website Design Regent University

Mrs. Eileen DesAutels Wiltshire Managing & Production Editor Regent University

Mrs. Ashleigh Slater Copy Editor Regent University

Dr. Jacob W. Elias Associated Mennonite Biblical Seminary Indiana, USA

Dr. Charles de Jongh Malyon College Brisbane, Australia

Dr. John (Jack) W. Niewold Living Hope Christian Center Oregon, USA

Dr. Kenneth O. Gangel Dallas Seminary Texas, USA

Dr. Gary Kenney Eastern Washington University Washington, USA

Dr. Randall J. Pannell Regent University Virginia, USA

Mrs. Julia Mattera Communication Specialist Regent University

Mrs. Sarah Stanfield Website Design & Production Regent University

Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership 3, no. 2 (Summer 2011). ? 2011 School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship, Regent University ISSN 1941-4692

STEPHANAS AS MODEL LEADER: A SOCIAL IDENTITY PERSPECTIVE ON COMMUNITY AND

LEADERSHIP (MIS)FORMATION IN CORINTH

JACK BARENTSEN

This paper studies Paul's recommendation of Stephanas as leader against the background of community formation in Corinth. The divisions in the Corinthian church are shown to be a cultural response to the development of subgroups which expressed loyalty to different Jewish teachers. This resulted in intragroup competition, heightened social tensions, and a communication breakdown between subgroups and their leaders. Social identity theory helps to interpret these events as conflicting norms and values from cross-cutting social identities; the divisions can be understood as benevolent attempts to maintain Christian distinctiveness and social cohesion for these subgroups according to Corinthian cultural patterns. Paul, however, re-envisions the subgroups as nested social identities in an overarching Christian social identity with its focal point in Christ crucified. Thus, he reorients their search for honor towards the glory of the gospel which is shameful to outsiders and their search for social cohesion towards mutual respect and service. To implement his proposed changes in beliefs, norms, and values, Paul sends a letter, sends Timothy, and plans a personal visit. However, his key for long-term effectiveness is Stephanas, recommended as worthy of imitation in the new Christian leadership style needed for the expanding community.

I. INTRODUCTION

By all appearances, Stephanas was a key leader in the Corinthian church. He was a householder who was baptized with his household by Paul (1 Cor 1:16). He was not only an early convert in the city, but was most likely Paul's first local coworker

Journal of Biblical Perspectives in Leadership 3, no. 2 (Summer 2011), 3-13. ? 2011 School of Global Leadership & Entrepreneurship, Regent University ISSN 1941-4692

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