Anglo-Saxon Notes



Anglo-Saxon Background NotesI. The Britons and the CeltsEssentialQuestions and ConnectionsA. First inhabitants of Britain were the Britons and the Celts.Tall blonde ________, hunters, and farmersHighly religious people who saw ______ in every part of _______Their main deities were an earthly goddess found in nature, known as the _____ _________ and a male god, known as the ______ ________, associated with hunting and the personalityB. The true leaders of the Britons and the Celts were their priests, known as the __________.Elected the leaders of each tribe and served as judges.Their teachings emphasized a _______ or perfect marriage between the Great Father and the Great Mother.They studied the ________ systems, composed hymns and poems, and kept records.They, of course, conducted religious ceremonies.C. Fun things to know about the Britons and the Celts.____________ is believed to be one of their sacred religious sitesThe name Great Britain comes from these people the Britons.The Celts and the Britons mainly used the _______ __________ as many of their citizens could NOT read or write, and their written language was reserved for money and monuments. SummaryII. The RomansEssential Questions or ConnectionsA. Julius CaesarIn 55 BC, Julius Caesar conquered the ________.The Romans brought roads, walls, and public baths to England.They did NOT bring any central government.The country was still an organization of smaller kingdoms and tribes.B. While the Romans were in EnglandThe first ______________ missionaries were able to enter Briton and begin converting its citizens.The Roman Catholic Church set up monasteries and convents.Monasteries and convents were not only centers of faith, but also centers of _____________.Monks like Venerable Bede recorded ________ and the ________ of the Anglo-Saxon People.Monks wrote mostly in the official language of the Catholic Church, ________. C. The Romans were forced to retreat from Briton to protect Rome from the invading Persians.This left the country weak and open to invaders.SummaryIII. The Anglos and the SaxonsEssential Questions or ConnectionsA. The Anglos and the Saxons were the next groups to invade Briton.These warriors came from the Baltic ________ and the peninsula of __________.These people gave the land its language in the form of ___ _____ (from Angle-ish).They gave the area its name of England (from Angle-land). ____ ________ - This Celtic King was made famous in imaginative fictional stories and embodies many Anglo-Saxon attributes.____ ________ of Wessex- (Alfred the Great) this real Anglo-Saxon King did much to impact the world he ruled. B. The Lives of the Anglos and the SaxonsNot luxurious, but they were not barbarians.Prized art, _______, community discussion, close relationships between rulers and leaders, rule by consensus, and. . .Above all they prized ___________. C. The Anglos and the Saxons believedTheir lives were controlled by ______ or fate.Their religions praised several gods much like in Scandinavian mythology.Their gods emphasized bravery, loyalty, generosity, and friendship.Much of the _______ ___________ world today traces their political and ethical values back to these people.D. Fun things to know about the Anglos and the SaxonsTheir tribes were made up of wooden homes set around a common ______ that often served as the residence of their leader or king (like in Beowulf). This helped promote a feeling of communitySome of our names of the days of the week come from the names of their gods. Thursday, from “Thor’s Day”- Thor was a terrifying and protecting god whose sign was much like the Nazi swastika.Wednesday, from “Woden’s Day”- Woden was the god of death, poetry, and _______.SummaryIV. Alfred the GreatEssential Questions or ConnectionsA. Alfred the Great gave Briton or England its first sense of being a ________.King Alfred organized his people and those of neighboring kingdoms against the invading Danes or _________ in 878.By uniting, organizing, and leading the kingdoms he earned himself the title of the first King of Britain.B. King Alfred used his influence to advocate for ____________ and the recording of __________.He is responsible for encouraging Venerable Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People (731), the world’s first major source of English history.He is also responsible for encouraging the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (892)He worked to promote the use of written ____ _________ C. Fun things to know about Alfred the GreatHis reign started the dominance of Wessex kings in South England that lasted until the Anglo-Saxons were forced out in _____.Alfred the Great Suffered from epilepsy.Old English, the language spoken and written by Alfred the Great, was really much more like modern day _________ than the modern English we speak today. SummaryV. William the Duke of NormandyEssential Questions or ConnectionsWilliam the Duke of Normandy was also known as William the __________.In 1066, he led an invasion of Southern England from Normandy, in Northern ________.He is the last successful conqueror of England!SummaryVI. Anglo-Saxon Language and LiteratureEssential Questions or ConnectionsA. The Anglo-Saxons had a rich respect for literature, especially poetry.Many heroic ballads like Beowulf were passed down through the oral tradition.Being remembered in a scop or bard’s tale was the only way they knew to conquer ________.Oral story tellers like scops and bards held a position of great respect in the community, as they were the key to eternal life.B. Their StoriesFeatured brave and virtuous heroes,Made use of literary techniques like caesura, kenning, and alliteration.Did NOT use _______, because it had not yet been realized,Encouraged a respect for literature and history that was fortified by Alfred the Great and the ____________ _________.Summary ................
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