Chapter 2-6 Optional Review:
AP STATISTICS
Chapter 2-6 Review
1. Explain the concept of resistance. Include an example comparing measures of center and an example comparing measures of spread.
2. An experiment was conducted using 100 volunteers to investigate two different weight loss programs (program A and program B). Researchers recorded each patient’s initial weight and gender and then randomly assigned each subject to program A or program B. At the end of the study each subject was weighed again and the change in weight was recorded (final – initial).
a) Describe the W’s. For each variable, record whether it is categorical or quantitative.
b) The boxplots below show the change in weights for the subjects in each treatment. Compare these distributions.
[pic]
Change in Weight (Final – Initial)
c) There is an outlier in the Program A’s distribution. Explain how this outlier was identified.
d) If a person had a negative change, it means that he or she actually gained weight. Which program had a higher proportion of subjects who gained weight?
3. In November 2008, CDO had a mock election between John McCain and Barack Obama. The results shown in the table below are categorized by grade level and presidential preference.
| |Obama |McCain |total |
|9 |233 |155 |388 |
|10 |211 |188 |399 |
|11 |119 |134 |253 |
|12 |128 |118 |246 |
|total |691 |595 |1286 |
a) Make a graph to display the relationship between grade level and presidential preference.
b) Based on your graph, are grade level and presidential preference independent for the students who participated in the mock election?
4. Explain how you would decide when to use a histogram and when to use a bar chart.
5. A random sample of CDO students was asked how many hours of sleep they got the previous night. Here are the results: 6, 6.75, 7.25, 7.5, 7.5, 7.5, 8, 9, 10.5
a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation
b) Interpret the standard deviation
c) In the context of this problem, explain the difference between [pic] and [pic].
d) Calculate and interpret the z-score for the student with 6 hours of sleep.
e) If the times were converted to minutes, how would this student’s z-score change?
6. The following histogram shows the time it took to complete an exam for a class of 30 students.
[pic]
a) Describe the shape of the distribution.
b) Make an ogive (cumulative relative frequency plot) for this data.
c) Explain how the characteristics of the ogive correspond to the shape of the histogram.
d) Use your ogive to estimate the interquartile range of this data.
7. The following data shows the time (in minutes) it took for students to complete a Sudoku puzzle.
6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 13, 15, 19, 25, 30
a) Make a histogram of this data.
b) Without calculating, which is higher, mean or median? Explain.
c) In what circumstances would you want to make a relative frequency histogram?
8. The following summary statistics describe the distribution of test scores on a recent test.
|n |[pic] |s |Min |
|10- ................
................
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