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GRAMMAR

1 Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets. Use the Future Simple, be going to or the Present Continuous. Some sentences may have more than one correct answer.

1. That crazy driver ................................………… (cause) an accident one of these days!

2. According to the weather forecast, it ................................………… (not rain) today.

3. ................................………… you ................................………… (finish) everything by 8 o’clock tonight?

4. I ................................………… (study) at Lindsay’s house tonight.

5. I see you’re interested in piano lessons, so I ................................………… (give) you my teacher’s phone number.

6. You’re late! We ................................………… (not get) there on time!

7. Dan ................................………… (perform) at a comedy club tomorrow evening.

2 Write a suitable continuation for the sentences below. Use the words in brackets and the Future Simple,

be going to or the Present Continuous. There may be more than one correct answer for some sentences.

1. If you don’t like horror films, don’t see this film. (be frightened)

You .

2. I’m studying at the library this afternoon. (turn off mobile phone)

I .

3. Lisa told me what she’s planned for Ron’s birthday next week. (give surprise party)

She .

4. I’ve got to buy two copies of this book. (give one to Mark)

I .

3 Choose the correct answer.

1. During the next two weeks, we will be learning / will have learnt about ancient Rome.

2. Don’t worry – we won’t have eaten / won’t be eating everything by the time you get here.

3. At this time tomorrow, I will be having / will have had my hair cut.

4. I’ve got so much homework, it looks like I will have worked / will be working all weekend.

5. On 8th March, we will have lived / will be living in this house for six years.

6. They will be hearing / will have heard from Ben by now. I wonder what he said.

4 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the Future Perfect or Future Continuous.

land ■ do ■ write ■ give ■ buy ■ wait

| 1. All next week, Tower Records ................................... huge discounts on all their CDs. |

|2. By the time I leave the shop, I’m sure I .................................. at least 10 CDs! |

| |

| 3. We .................................. experiments in the biology lab in the next few months. |

|4. Then, after each experiment, we.................................. reports. |

| |

| 5. By three o’clock, their plane .................................. . |

|6. Yes, but I’m sure that they .................................. for their suitcases for another hour! |

5 Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets. Use the Future Simple, be going to, the Future Perfect, the Future Continuous or the Present Continuous. There may be more than one correct answer.

1. I just missed the bus! Now I ................................………… (not get) to school on time.

2. Do you think Anne ................................………… already ................................………… (hear) the news by now?

3. ................................………… you ................................………… (learn) French next year?

4. Be careful! You ................................………… (fall).

6 Complete the passage with the verb in brackets. Use the Future Simple, be going to, the Future Perfect,

the Future Continuous or the Present Continuous. There may be more than one correct answer.

Dear Meg,

My purse was stolen yesterday! So, during the next few days, I 1. ................................………… (replace) everything in it.

I told the bank about the theft immediately. The bank cancelled my old cashpoint card and credit card and

2. ................................………… (post) new ones to me by next week. Tomorrow, I’ve got an appointment at the driving licence office, where I 3. ................................………… (get) a temporary licence to use until the end of the month. According to the clerk I spoke to on the phone, I 4. ................................………… (receive) my new permanent licence by then. I must also buy a new mobile phone, but until I do, I 5. ................................………… (use) my brother’s old phone. I can’t remember the number, so I 6. ................................………… (send) you another e-mail with that information later. And don’t forget – you and I 7. ................................………… (meet) next Friday.

Allison

GRAMMAR

1 Complete the sentences with the relative pronouns below. There may be more than one possible answer. Then tick those sentences in which the relative pronoun can be omitted.

whose ■ when ■ that ■ where ■ which ■ who

1. I found the book ................................………… I borrowed. (......)

2. What’s the name of your friend ................................………… moped is for sale? (......)

3. At the time ................................………… the earthquake occurred, we were all in bed. (......)

4. I remember the place ................................………… I met him. (......)

5. The shopping centre ................................………… opened near me is huge. (......)

6. Everyone ................................………… has seen the film has loved it. (......)

2 Combine the sentences using a defining relative pronoun from Exercise 1. Make any necessary changes. There may be more than one possible answer.

1. I met a woman. She looks like you.

2. I want to go to the bookshop. Mary recommended it.

3. This programme is about an educator. Her ideas have become popular.

4. Rome is a city. It has got ancient ruins.

5. I’ll always remember that day. We met then.

6. My father planted the tree. It fell in the storm.

3 Complete the passage with a suitable relative pronoun.

The party that I gave for David, 1. .................................. birthday was last Saturday, didn’t have the best start. First, my best friend, 2. .................................. had just broken up with her boyfriend, decided not to come to the party. She thought that being there, 3. .................................. everyone would be having a good time, would be too “painful” for her. Then I left the cake, 4. .................................. I had made from a special recipe, in the oven for too long. Finally, people had already begun to arrive 5. .................................. David rang to say that he was going to be late! However, by the time David arrived, everyone was dancing and the party, 6. .................................. hadn’t started out well, seemed to be a success.

4 Combine the sentences, using non-defining relative clauses and the relative pronoun in brackets.

Make any necessary changes. There may be more than one possible answer.

1. The band have got a hit record. The band members are all 18 years old. (whose)

2. This magazine was established in 1964. It now appears in several languages. (which)

3. This small Italian town attracts many tourists. I stay there every summer. (where)

5 Combine the sentences using a defining or non-defining relative clause. Make any necessary changes. There may be more than one possible answer.

1. Carol had a computer. It was five years old.

2. On Monday, she needed to do some important work. It stopped working then.

3. She called the nearby computer shop. She had seen a notice there about repairs.

4. The technician arrived an hour later. He managed to fix the computer.

5. Still, Carol decided to buy a new one. Her work requires a reliable computer.

6. She asked the technician for advice. He was happy to give it.

6 Rewrite the sentences with the correct relative pronouns. Do not change the punctuation. Some sentences may have more than one possible answer.

1. There’s the woman which hit my car!

2. I sent an e-mail to the girl whose I met on holiday last month.

3. We often eat in the West End, that is easy to reach by bus.

4. Let’s go back to the beach that we had the picnic last summer.

GRAMMAR

1 Complete the sentences with the modals below.

shouldn’t ■ mustn’t ■ might ■ ought to ■ must ■ could ■ can’t ■ have to

1. That ................................………… be Mary. She’s away on holiday. But that girl really resembles her.

2. Remember – you ................................………… use your mobile phone on the plane. It’s not allowed.

3. ................................………… I have a glass of water, please?

4. In my opinion, she ................................………… leave her job. She hates it.

5. We ................................………… give the dog so much food. I think he’s getting a bit fat.

6. They ................................…………share a flat again next year but they’re still not certain.

7. She was glad that she didn’t ................................………… do all the work on her own.

8. You ................................………… be so hungry! Otherwise, you wouldn’t be eating these disgusting chips!

2 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences.

1. There’s a possibility that Tom will be in London tomorrow. (might)

2. Is it possible for me to borrow this book? (could)

3. She is undoubtedly a great football player, because three teams want to sign her. (must)

4. It would be a good idea for you to go to bed early tonight. (should)

5. It’s impossible for me to buy a moped this year. (can’t)

6. Is it necessary for you to go to the meeting today? (need to)

7. He isn’t obligated to tell Miranda where he was last night. (not have to)

8. Are we required to wear school uniforms? (have to)

3 Choose the correct answer.

1. You broke my necklace! You … been more careful!

a. should have b. must have

2. It’s beautiful. You … given me a nicer present.

a. wouldn’t have b. couldn’t have

3. I think James … got lost. He’s never late.

a. might have b. should have

4. I … bought milk, but I didn’t know we needed more.

a. may have b. would have

4 Complete the sentences using a suitable modal perfect and the correct form of the verb in brackets.

There may be more than one possible answer.

1. It was wrong of Glen to be so rude. He ......................................... (not behave) that way.

2. Maggie ......................................... (write) sooner, but she didn’t find an Internet café until yesterday.

3. I can’t remember for sure, but I ......................................... (not lock) the front door.

4. Something ......................................... (happen) to Steve. He always calls when he’s late.

5 Complete the passages using the modals and modal perfects below and the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use each modal or modal perfect once only.

Teens in the News

can ■ could ■ couldn’t have

I 1. ......................................... you ......................................... (use) some assistance organising your desk,

your cupboard and your room? Tidy Teens 2. ......................................... (help). This student-run group raises

money for charity by cleaning up. "We didn’t realise it when we started, but we 3. .........................................

(think) of a better way to raise money," says 17-year-old Brian Mason, who helped establish the group.

must have ■ be able to ■ shouldn’t have ■ should have ■ have to

II Carol Dahl 4. ......................................... (think) she was dreaming when she heard that she’d won the national secondary-school essay contest. “I didn’t believe it,” she explains. “I just laughed at first, which I probably

5. ......................................... (do).” The prize, a cheque for £1,000, will be awarded to Carol at a ceremony in

March. “I 6. ......................................... (guess) that there would be a price to pay for the award – and there is.

I 7. ......................................... (write) a speech to give at the ceremony,” Carol says. “I’m pretty nervous but I

hope I 8. ......................................... (do) a good job.”

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

| |In Nature’s Classroom |

|I |More computers! Longer school days! These are among the usual prescriptions for improving education. But proponents of forest schools recommend|

| |something different: get young people into nature’s classroom! |

|II |The forest school idea originated in Sweden in the 1950s as a way to teach young children about nature. Primary-school teachers soon noticed |

| |that children who attended forest schools before beginning school had more self-confidence and social skills than their peers. |

|III |Expanding to include older children, the programme gradually caught on throughout Scandinavia and, beginning in the mid-1990s, in the UK. Now, |

| |thousands of children and teenagers throughout the UK spend about 10% of their school time outdoors – ideally, in a woodland area. But, |

| |successful programmes have been implemented in less-than-ideal conditions, including under a tree in the school playground. “The site isn’t |

| |that important,” says Sally York, who is employed by Scotland’s Forestry Commission and is helping to establish forest schools there, “because |

| |forest schools are really more a technique than a place.” |

|IV |The “technique” involves doing a variety of practical outdoor tasks and having a lot of fun while doing so. A typical forest-school day might |

| |include observing insects, planting saplings, collecting wood to make a fire for cooking food, or building a temporary wind shelter. |

|V |Educators involved with forest schools say that the activities improve important skills. Younger pupils expand their vocabulary and become less|

| |shy about speaking. Furthermore, the many group tasks that are done in all age groups encourage effective communication and cooperation among |

| |students. In addition, many of the tasks sharpen students’ observational skills. Even maths skills improve. Simple calculations become more fun|

| |when they involve counting insects or flowers. And at higher maths levels, geometry, for instance, becomes more interesting and understandable |

| |when used to design and build a wind shelter. |

|VI |Of course, everyone benefits from the fresh air, open space and physical exercise – which many of today’s urban kids lack. That alone may |

| |explain the increasing popularity of forest schools. |

1 Choose the correct answer.

1. “Nature’s classroom”

a. originated in Sweden.

b. means “the outdoors”.

c. is in the forest school in Sweden.

2. Forest schools

a. are only for young children.

b. are operated by 10% of schools in the UK.

c. don’t have to be in forests.

2 Find words in the text that mean:

1. solutions (paragraph I) .........................

2. people who support an idea

(paragraph I) .........................

3. small forest (paragraph III) .........................

4. young trees (paragraph IV) .........................

5. improve (paragraph V) .........................

3 Are the following statements T (true) or F (false)? Find evidence in the text to support your answers.

...... 1. Forest school activities don’t influence young pupils’ verbal skills.

...... 2. School subjects such as maths are utilised in

forest-school activities.

...... 3. At forest schools, geometry is introduced to younger students.

4 Write a composition of about 100-120 words. Choose one option.

1. Describe a place that you think would make a good site for a forest school.

2. Explain why you would / wouldn’t want to participate in a forest school.

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