Chapter 2: Scientific Foundations Test Bank - Digital Deal 2022

Test Bank for Personality Theories A Global View 1st Edition by Shiraev IBSN 9781452268576 Full Download:

Shiraev, Personality Theories SAGE Publishing, 2018

Chapter 2: Scientific Foundations

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. What were the marshmallow experiments? A. a series of studies about how soft objects are perceived B. a series of studies examining delay of gratification among children C. a series of studies investigating perception of fairness D. a series of studies about conditioning principles Ans: B Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Introduction Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Studies showed that those who can delay gratification as children turn to adults who A. had better grades, made more money, and showed greater psychological well-being. B. had lower grades, made less money, and showed poor psychological well-being. C. had mediocre grades, made adequate money, and showed deficient psychological well-being. D. had average grades, made adequate money, and showed poor psychological well-being. Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Introduction Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Which of the following is a part of the brain that has been found to be associated with impulse control? A. parietal lobe B. ventral striatum C. temporal lobe D. hippocampus Ans: B Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Introduction Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Emma experienced economic hardships more than Lourdes. According to the research about impulse gratification, who of the two would more likely be more impulsive? A. Emma B. Lourdes C. both Emma and Lourdes D. there is no relationship between impulse gratification and economic hardships Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-1 Explain the Role of the Scientific Method In Studying Personality Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Introduction Difficulty Level: Hard

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Instructor Resource Shiraev, Personality Theories

SAGE Publishing, 2018

5. Which of the following uses careful research procedures designed to provide reliable and verifiable evidence? A. natural science B. basic science C. socials science D. scientific method Ans: D Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

6. What uses careful research procedures designed to provide reliable and verifiable evidence? A. social science B. natural science C. scientific method D. basic science Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The source of knowledge that is concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomenon is called A. basic science. B. social science. C. natural science. D. humanities. Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Natural science has two key branches. One is biological science which is often called ______. A. humanities B. life science C. geological science D. evolutionary science Ans: B Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Which of the following is one of the two branches of naturals science? A. evolutionary science B. humanities C. social science D. physical science Ans: D Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

Instructor Resource Shiraev, Personality Theories

SAGE Publishing, 2018

10. What is the scientific study of the nervous system? A. physical science B. neuroscience C. evolutionary science D. social science Ans: B Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Neuroscience is the scientific study of what part of the body? A. nervous system B. visual system C. hippocampus D. ventral stratum Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Sean's research involves investigating genetic transmissions in animals. Sean is in the field of A. evolutionary science. B. social science. C. sociology. D. genetics. Ans: D Learning Objective: 2-3: Apply these foundations to propose particular traditions and domains in the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

13. What field of science examines the brain mechanisms that support the individual's mental functions and subsequent behaviors? A. social science B. evolutionary science C. cognitive neuroscience D. genetics Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

14. What is the transformation of heritable traits of species and humans over successive generations? A. neuroscience B. basic science C. social science D. evolution Ans: D Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

Instructor Resource Shiraev, Personality Theories

SAGE Publishing, 2018

15. Eddie examines gender biases in religious rituals. Eddie is more likely a(n) A. philosopher. B. sociologist. C. anthropologist. D. humanities. Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-3: Apply these foundations to propose particular traditions and domains in the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

16. What is a set of beliefs, behaviors, and symbols that are shared by a large group of people and usually communicated from one generation to the next? A. humanities B. culture C. philosophy D. sociology Ans : B Learning Objective: 2-1: ?Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

17. What is sometimes called the "love of wisdom"? A. philosophy B. art C. humanism D. behavioral economics Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Beliefs, practices, and prescriptions relevant to the supernatural and the relationships between the individual and the supernatural are called ______. A. philosophy B. knowledge C. religion D. art Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Personality psychology is also rooted in what tradition in science that emphasizes the subjective side of the individual? A. religion B. genetics C. clinical

Instructor Resource Shiraev, Personality Theories

SAGE Publishing, 2018

D. humanism Ans: D Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Shakespeare in England wrote literary characters that millions of people continue to study today. His works cover the ______ tradition in which the subjective side of the individual is emphasized. A. humanistic B. behavioral C. philosophical D. sociological Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-1: Identify the scientific foundation as they apply to the study of personality. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Science and the Scientific Method Difficulty Level: Medium

21. What refers to how certain traits in living organisms are handed down from parents to offsprings? A. genetics B. inheritance C. gene D. temperament Ans: B Learning Objective: 2-2: Describe the foundations, focusing on science, social science, and the humanities. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Influences on the Study of Personality Difficulty Level: Easy

22. What is the study of heredity through genetic transmission and genetic variations. A. genetics B. behavioral learning C. neuroscience D. evolutionary psychology Ans: A Learning Objective: 2-2: Describe the foundations, focusing on science, social science, and the humanities Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Influences on the Study of Personality Difficulty Level: Easy

23. In the 20th century, science turned to ______ to explain hereditary processes and patterns. A. genetics B. classical learning C. molecular biology D. temperament Ans: C Learning Objective: 2-2: Describe the foundations, focusing on science, social science, and the humanities. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Influences on the Study of Personality Difficulty Level: Medium

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