Scientific Method, Safety, and Measurement Quiz Study Guide



Scientific Method and Lab Safety Review Sheet

Lab safety general rules

• food: never eat or drink (even water) during a lab, unless it is part of the instructions

• accidents: tell the teacher right away

• dress code: during certain labs, you should wear closed-toe shoes, gloves and goggles; ladies should also tie back long hair

Accuracy vs. precision

• accuracy: getting the correct response (example: 1 + 1 = 2)

• precision: getting the same response over and over again (example: continue to get the same spot when throwing darts)

Six steps to the Scientific Method (KNOW THE ORDER TOO!)

1. State the question

- definition: identify what you want to know/learn

- questions must be observable!

2. Collect information

- definition: gather needed information in order to understand what is already known about the topic of your question

3. Form a hypothesis

- definition: make an educated guess about what you think the answer to your question will be

- must be in an if-then-because format

4. Test the hypothesis

- definition: the experiment (must be repeated several times)

- independent variable: the part of the experiment you change on purpose

- dependent variable: the part of the experiment that changes because of the independent variable

5. Record and study data

- definition: write down every observation and create a summary of what happened in the experiment

- an observation is what you can see, hear, smell, feel and taste (if given permission)

6. Draw a conclusion

- definition: state whether your hypothesis was or was not supported and why

An inference is the conclusion you draw based on your observations and prior knowledge (example: we know raccoons eat bird eggs and if we see a raccoon standing over a birds nest with a broken egg, we can infer that the raccoon ate the egg)

A fact can be proven by observation or experiment.

An opinion expresses an attitude, belief or point of view. (Opinions should NOT be used in observations)

Know the relative length of basic metric units

• Listed from largest to smallest: kilometer (km), meter (m), centimeter (cm) and millimeter (mm)

Be familiar with the names and uses of common lab equipment.

• beaker: usually glass container for liquids with a lip (or beak) for pouring

• graduated cylinder: tall, skinny and usually holds liquids (gives the most accurate volume measurement)

• pipette: similar to an eye-dropper (produces small drops of a liquid when you press on the bulb)

• balance: measures mass (double pan balances have two pans that compare the objects’ mass; triple beam balance is like a “scale” at the doctor’s in which you add the numbers from the three bars to equal the mass)

Scientific Method and Lab Safety Review Sheet

Lab safety general rules

• food: _____________________________________________________________________________

• accidents: _________________________________________

• dress code: during certain labs, you should wear ___________________________________________; ladies should also tie back long hair

Accuracy vs. precision

• accuracy: _____________________________________ (example: 1 + 1 = 2)

• precision: ___________________________________________________________ (example: continue to get the same spot when throwing darts)

Six steps to the Scientific Method (KNOW THE ORDER TOO!)

1. State the question

- definition: ______________________________________________

- questions must be _________________________!

2. Collect information

- definition: ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________

3. Form a hypothesis

- definition: make an ____________ guess about what you think the answer to your question will be

- must be in an __________________________ format

4. Test the hypothesis

- definition: the experiment (_______________________________)

- independent variable: the part of the experiment ________________________________

- dependent variable: the part of the experiment that changes because of the ____________ variable

5. Record and study data

- definition: ______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________

- an observation is what you can ____________________________________ (if given permission)

6. Draw a conclusion

- definition: ____________________________________________________

An inference is _____________________________________________________________________________ (example: we know raccoons eat bird eggs and if we see a raccoon standing over a birds nest with a broken egg, we can infer that the raccoon ate the egg)

A fact can be ______________________________________________

An opinion expresses an ________________________________________. (Opinions should NOT be used in _________________)

Know the relative length of basic metric units

• Listed from largest to smallest: kilometer (_____), meter (____), centimeter (_____) and millimeter (_____)

Be familiar with the names and uses of common lab equipment.

• beaker: _________________________________________________________

• graduated cylinder: tall, skinny and usually holds liquids (gives the most ____________ volume measurement)

• pipette: similar to an eye-dropper (produces _____________________________ when you press on the bulb)

• balance: measures mass (double pan balances have ______________ that compare the objects’ mass; triple beam balance is like a “scale” at the doctor’s in which you add the numbers from the _______________________ to equal the mass)

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