Chapter 1- Scientific Method and Microscopes



Chapter 1- Scientific Method and Microscopes

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. An explanation for a broad range of observations, facts, and tested hypotheses is called a

|a. |theory. |c. |hypothesis. |

|b. |law. |d. |conclusion. |

2. Which of the following is a rule for handling animals used in research?

|a. |Squeeze and play with the animals. |

|b. |Bring animals from the wild into your classroom. |

|c. |Pick up the animals the way your teacher tells you to. |

|d. |Only handle animals that are dead. |

3. Before starting a science activity you should always

|a. |read all the instructions very carefully. |c. |ask your friend what to do. |

|b. |put on an apron. |d. |get ready to do first aid. |

4. Which of the following is NOT a step you should take after an accident?

|a. |Secure the area. |c. |Keep quiet about the accident. |

|b. |Assist your teacher. |d. |Remain calm. |

5. What is the first step in a scientific investigation?

|a. |asking questions |c. |drawing a conclusion |

|b. |making observations |d. |doing research |

6. Why do scientists communicate their results in written reports?

|a. |so other scientists will argue |

|b. |because they like to write |

|c. |to make scientific models |

|d. |so other scientists can repeat their experiments |

7. Which is a step of scientific methods?

|a. |analyzing results |c. |using technology |

|b. |stating a theory |d. |building a microscope |

8. What is the only difference between the control group and the experimental groups in a controlled experiment?

|a. |the test |c. |the variable |

|b. |the prediction |d. |the hypothesis |

9. Which describes a compound light microscope?

|a. |It passes electrons through something to make a 3-D image. |

|b. |It passes electrons through something to make a flat image. |

|c. |It sends electromagnetic waves through the body to make images. |

|d. |It uses lenses to magnify small objects so they can be seen. |

Use the information in the graph to answer the following questions.

[pic]

10. What question did the scientists who collected this data want to answer?

|a. |Are there more earthworms in the soil in the spring or in the fall? |

|b. |What is the effect of plowing soil on the number of earthworms? |

|c. |How is the size of earthworms affected by the seasons? |

|d. |Does plowing soil affect how fast earthworms grow? |

11. Where and when were the most earthworms found?

|a. |unplowed soil, spring 1995 |c. |unplowed soil, fall 1995 |

|b. |unplowed soil, fall 1994 |d. |plowed soil, spring 1994 |

12. What do the data in this graph show?

|a. |Unplowed soil has more earthworms than plowed soil. |

|b. |Plowed soil has more earthworms than unplowed soil. |

|c. |Plowing of soil has no effect on the number of earthworms. |

|d. |The number of earthworms cannot be predicted. |

13. Being curious and asking questions about living things could lead you to study

|a. |physics. |c. |life science. |

|b. |mathematics. |d. |mechanical engineering. |

14. What is the first thing you should do when an accident happens?

|a. |Keep quiet about what happened. |c. |Tell your teacher, or call for help. |

|b. |Remain calm, and assess the situation. |d. |Secure the area around the accident. |

15. A scientist who wants to study the effects of a new fertilizer on plants would probably

|a. |give each experimental group the same amount of the fertilizer. |

|b. |not worry about measuring the amount of fertilizer used. |

|c. |include a control group that received no fertilizer. |

|d. |use different numbers of plants in each group. |

16. Andy does not think the Bears will lose a game this year. This is a

|a. |prediction |c. |hypothesis |

|b. |control |d. |variable |

17. Information you collect during an experiment is called (a)

|a. |chart |c. |graph |

|b. |hypothesis |d. |data |

18. An educated guess is a(n)

|a. |hypothesis |c. |purpose |

|b. |observation |d. |conclusion |

19. A set up that involves materials, a procedure, observations, and data can be found in a(n)

|a. |analysis |c. |hypothesis |

|b. |experiment |d. |conclusion |

20. The total magnification of an object under the microscope with an objective of 40 is

|a. |400x |c. |40x |

|b. |100x |d. |50x |

Matching

For numbers 21-27 match the step of the scientific method in the proper order. Bubble in the letter that corresponds to each number.

|a. |organize and analyze data |e. |design and carry out an experiment |

|b. |form a hypothesis |f. |ask questions about the problem |

|c. |make an observation that identifies a problem |g. |communicate results to other scientists |

|d. |state a conclusion |

____ 21. Step 1

____ 22. Step 2

____ 23. Step 3

____ 24. Step 4

____ 25. Step 5

____ 26. Step 6

____ 27. Step 7

Completion

Complete each statement.

Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.

|A. technology |B. law |C. scientific methods |D. controlled experiment |

28. A kind of scientific idea that tells you what will happen in a specific situation is a(n) ____________________.

29. The steps scientists use to answer questions are called ____________________.

30. A(n) ____________________ tests only one factor at a time.

31. The application of science for practical purposes is ____________________.

Other

32. For numbers 32-41 match the correct letter with its corresponding number

a. coarse-adjustment knob ab. stage

b. fine adjustment knob ac. stage clip

c. eyepiece/ocular lens ad. body tube

d. high power objective ae. arm

e. low power objective bc. base

32

33

32

34. 35.

36. 37.

38.

39. 40.

Diaphragm

Mirror/Light

41.

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