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I. Unit Theme-Ingenious Inventors played an important part in history.

• Ingenious inventors come from a wide variety of cultures and times throughout history.

• Cross-cultural sensitivity-how people from different cultures influenced America.

• Ingenious inventors from long ago and from the recent past make a difference in others’ lives because of their actions and character.

II. Focus and Motivation

• Literacy Awards

• Observation Charts

• Cognitive Content Dictionary

• Big Book-Ingenious Inventors

• Inquiry Chart

• Read Aloud

• Songs and Chants

• Picture File Cards

• Poetry

III. Closure

• Share Team Tasks

• Students add to walls

• Process all Charts and learning

• On-Going Assessments

• Jeopardy Game

• Student-made tests

• Graffiti Wall

• Teacher-made tests

• Chapter tests

• Personal/Team Exploration

• Teacher/Student Rubric

IV. Concepts

Students understand the importance of how individuals’ actions and character have made a difference in their lives and the lives of others.

Learn about inventors and their achievements.

V. Standards

Social Studies

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The Edisons moved to Michigan when Al was seven. Al began school in Michigan. His teacher said he was slow. Al’s mother taught him herself at home. Al was full of questions. He wanted to know how things worked. Al set up a workshop in the basement. He filled it with batteries, wire, and bottles of chemicals. He spent all of his free time there.

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When Edison was 22, he became a full-time inventor. Edison made a new part for the telephone that made the sound clearer and made the sound go farther. Next, Edison built a machine that recorded sound and played it back. This machine was the phonograph. Edison also invented a safe electric light bulb that would burn a long time. Other inventions include a movie camera and a movie projector. Al built the first movie studio and made the first movie called, “The Great Train Robbery.”

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Thomas Edison died in 1931. In his lifetime he created more than 1,000 inventions. He conducted more than 10,000 experiments. A friend told him not to feel bad about failing. Edison said, “Why, I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work!” His inventions changed our world. Think about all of the things that we use every day that he invented! The next time you turn on a light, watch a movie or listen to a recording, take a second to say, “Thanks, Al!”

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Inventor Expert Group

Louis Braille

Expert ____________________

Louis Braille was from a small town called Coupvray, near Paris, France. He was born on January 4, 1809. Louis became blind by accident when he was 3 years old. He grabbed an awl, a sharp tool for making holes, and the tool slid and hurt his eye. The wound got infected, the infection spread, and soon, Louis was blind in both eyes.

All of a sudden, Louis needed a new way to learn. He stayed at his old school for two more years, but he couldn't learn everything just by listening. Things were looking up when Louis got a scholarship to the Royal Institution for Blind Youth in Paris, when he was 10. But even there, most of the teachers just talked at the students. The library had 14 huge books with raised letters that were very hard to read. Louis was impatient.

12 year old Louis trimmed inventor Charles Barbier's 12 raised dot “night writing” code into 6 dots, ironed out the system by the time he was 15, and then published the first-ever Braille book in 1829. In 1837, he added symbols for math and music.

Since the public was skeptical, blind students had to study Braille on their own. Braille wasn't taught until after his death. Now practically every country in the world uses Braille. Braille books have double-sided pages which saves a lot of space. Braille signs help blind people get around in public spaces. Most important, blind people can communicate independently without needing print. Louis proved that if you have the motivation, you can do incredible things.

Inventor Expert Group

George Washington Carver

Expert_____________________

George Washington Carver was born July 12, 1864 in Diamond Grove, Missouri to slave parents. He was very sickly at birth and remained frail for most of his childhood. He did possess a great interest in plants and was very eager to learn more about them. On the farm is where George first fell in love with plants and Mother Nature.

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George’s formal education began when he was 12. He moved to Newton County in southwest Missouri. He studied there in a one room school house and worked on a farm to pay for it. At the age of 26, he enrolled at Simpson State Agricultural College to study piano and art. He was their first black student. A year later he transferred to Iowa State Agricultural College.

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After receiving his master’s degree in agriculture in 1897, Carver moved south. He developed a crop rotation method in which peanuts and cotton were alternated. Farmers in the south followed Carver’s lead and soon had a surplus of peanuts. Within a week, Carver had experimented with and devised dozens of uses for the peanut, including milk and cheese. In later years, he would produce more than 300 products that could be developed from the peanut, including ink, facial cream, shampoo, and soap.

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In 1935, he was appointed collaborator in a division of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. In 1990, he was inducted into The National Inventors Hall of Fame for his accomplishments.

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Inventor Expert Group

Samuel Morse

Expert ____________________

Samuel Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts on April 27, 1791. He was not a scientist - he was a professional artist. On a homeward voyage from England to America, he overheard a shipboard discussion on electromagnets. This was the seed out of which the electric telegraph grew.

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Samuel attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. He then went on to study religious philosophy, mathematics, and the science of horses at Yale College.

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The first telegraph he invented was made of simple wood, beeswax, zinc and copper. The machine used keys to enter a message. This became an electric current that traveled through the wire to the other machine. The current caused the pencils to move and write out the message. The pencils were replaced by sharp points that jabbed the message into the paper. Each letter of the alphabet was given a pattern of dots and dashes. This system, known as Morse Code, was much easier and faster to use.

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The machine kept improving. They even put wire down in New York Harbor and sent a message underwater. In 1843, the government gave Morse money to build a telegraph line from Washington D.C. to Baltimore, Maryland. Now messages could travel quickly between two cities. The cross-country telegraph line was finally completed in 1861. The telegraph was by far the best way to send messages. It was much faster than the Pony Express or mail that was sent by stagecoach. It was even faster than the trains. And speed wasn’t the only reason people liked it. It worked in any kind of weather –all day and all night.

|Name |Personal |Education |Accomplishments |Interesting |

|of |Information | | |Facts |

|Inventor(s) | | | | |

|The Wright Brothers | | | | |

|Thomas Edison | | | | |

|Louis Braille | | | | |

|George Washington Carver | | | | |

|Samuel Morse | | | | |

|Name of Inventor(s) |Personal |Education |Accomplishments |Interesting |

| |Information | | |Facts |

|Orville and Wilbur Wright |W: born in Millville, Indiana in 1867 |W and O: formal education ended in high |W and O: became editor and publisher of a |Never flew together as a promise to their |

| |O: born in Dayton, Ohio in 1871 |school |weekly newspaper called “The West Side |father |

| |W: better work ethic, mature in judgments,|W and O: self taught engineers |News” |U.S. Army bought first Wright airplane |

| |and good follow through | |W and O: opened the Wright Cycle Shop, a |Received a patent for their flying machine|

| |O: full of ideas and enthusiasm | |bicycle sale and repair shop, in Dayton, | |

| | | |Ohio | |

| | | |O: completed first manned powered flight | |

| | | |that lasted 12 seconds | |

| | | |W: completed a flight in his heavier than | |

| | | |air craft that lasted 59 seconds | |

|Thomas Edison |Born in Milan, Ohio in 1847 |Began school in Michigan when he was 7 |Became a full time inventor at age 22 |Created more than 1,000 inventions |

| |Youngest of 5 children |Teacher said he was slow |Invented phonograph |Conducted more than 10,000 experiments |

| |Nickname “Al” |Mom taught him at home |Invented safe electric light bulb | |

| |Died in 1931 | |Invented movie camera | |

| | | |Invented movie projector | |

|Louis Braille |Born in Coupvray, France in 1809 |At age 10 went to Royal Institution for |Invented Braille |Braille not taught until after his death |

| |Blind at age 3 |Blind Youth in Paris |Published first ever Braille book at age |Almost every country in the world uses |

| | | |15 |Braille |

|George Washington Carver |Born in Diamond Grove, Missouri in 1864 |Began school in Michigan at age 12 in a |Invented peanut agricultural science |First black student at Simpson State |

| |Born to slave parents |one room school house |Developed a crop rotation method |Received a Master’s Degree at Iowa State |

| |Frail |At age 26 went to Simpson State |Produced 300 products developed from |Inducted into the National Inventors Hall |

| | |Agricultural College to study piano and |peanuts |of Fame |

| | |art | | |

| | |Went to Iowa State Agricultural College | | |

|Samuel Morse |Born in Charleston, Massachusetts in 1791 |Attended Phillips Academy in Andover, |Invented electric telegraph |Wire in New York harbor to send message |

| |Professional artist |Massachusetts |Developed Morse Code |underwater |

| | |Went to Yale College to study religious | |Cross-country telegraph completed in 1861 |

| | |philosophy, mathematics and science of | | |

| | |horses | | |

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Are You An Ingenious Inventor? By Kristi Floyd, Kathy McKeever, and Linda Shepard

Inventor Mind Map

Personal Information

Education

Accomplishments

Interesting Facts

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