Liuzhou Environment Management Project (II)
Liuzhou Environment Management Project (II)
Consolidated Environment Impact
Assessment Report
Guangxi Environmental Protection Research Academy
July, 2010
Name of Project：Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project (II)（LZEMP II）
Industry Category：Environment Improvement
Document Category：Environment Impact Assessment Summary
Delegated by: Liuzhou Municipal Wastewater Treatment Co., Ltd（LMWTC）
Assessed by: Guangxi Environmental Protection Research Academy (GEPRC)
Corporate Representative：Yu Wanli
Revised by：Senior Engineer with EA Engineer Registration Certificate No.A29020020300
Checked by：Senior Engineer with EA Engineer Registration Certificate No.A29020110400
Audited by：Senior Engineer with EA Engineer Registration Certificate No.A29020130600
Person in charge：Senior Engineer with EA Engineer Registration Certificate No. A29020041000
Assignment Description
|Name |Title of |Qualification Certificate No,|Chapter Responsible |Signature |
| |Technical Post | | | |
|Pang Shaojing |Senior |EA Engineer Registration |General, Findings of EA | |
| |Engineer |Certificate No.:A29020041000 | | |
|Yu Le | Engineer |EA Post Certificate |Project Description and Analysis, EI and Mitigation | |
| | |No.C29160003 |During construction, Environmental Economic Profit | |
| | | |and Loss Analysis, Social Environment Impact | |
|Li Li |Assistant |EA Post Certificate | alternative Analysis | |
| |Engineer |No.A29020033 | | |
|Zhao Lvxuan |Engineer |EA Post Certificate |Environmental impact assessment | |
| | |No.A29020026 | | |
|Ge Jieju |Assistant |EA Post Certificate |Public Consultation and Information Disclosure, | |
| |Engineer |No.C29160004 |Current Environmental Quality Research and Assessment| |
|Zheng Xin |Assistant |EA Post Certificate |General Environment and Social Profile and EMP | |
| |Engineer |No.29020032 | | |
Table of Contents
1 General - 3 -
1.1 General Context of Project - 3 -
1.2 Profile of CEA - 4 -
1.3 EA Scope, Assessment Period and Environmental Protection Objectives (Sensitive Receptors) - 7 -
1.4 Environmental Impact Factors and Assessment Factors - 9 -
1.5 Environment Policies - 11 -
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS AND ANALYSIS - 21 -
2.1 Project Name and sub-projects - 21 -
2.2 Proposed Project Sites - 22 -
2.3 Project Construction alternative - 27 -
2.4 Process Character - 35 -
2.5 Linked Project 40
2.6 Project Investment Estimate 40
2.7 Project Implementation Schedule 41
3 General Environmental and Social Profile 42
3.1 General Environmental Profile of Liuzhou city 42
3.2 Liucheng county 49
3.3 Rongshui County 53
3.4 Rong’an county 56
3.5 Sanjiang county 58
4 Environmental Impact Assessments 63
4.1 WWTP & Sewer Network Sub-projects 63
4.2 River Dredging Sub-Project 92
4.3 Sludge Treatment Sub-Project 101
4.4 Environment Impact analysis of sludge landfilling 108
4.5 Environment Risk assessment 113
5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSES 120
5.1 Objective and Principle of Alternative Analysis 120
5.2 No Project Analysis 120
5.3 WWTP Sites Alternative Analysis 121
5.4 Alternative Analysis of Sludge Treatment 134
5.5 Alternative Analysis of Sewer Network Engineering 138
6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 141
6.1 Objective, Method and Scope 141
6.2 Information Disclosure 141
6.3 Public Consultation 145
7. Environment management plan 157
7.1 Objective 157
7.2 Environmental Management Mechanism and Responsibility 157
7.3Measures for preventing and mitigating environmental risks 159
7.4Investment in Environmental Mitigation Measures - 162 -
7.5Environmental Monitoring Plan - 165 -
7.6 Reporting System of EMP - 165 -
7.7 Environmental Management Training - 167 -
8 CONCLUSION OF EA - 168 -
ABBREVIATIONS
CEA Consolidated Environmental Assessment
DI Design Institute
EA Environmental Assessment
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan
EPB Environmental Protection Bureau
PIU Project Implementation Unit
GEPRA Guangxi Environmental Protection Research Academy
MSWM Municipal Solid Waste Management
PO Project Owner
PMO Project Management Office
PRC The People’s Republic of China
SE Supervision Engineer
WB World Bank
WWTP WWTP
LEP Liuzhou Environment Project
GEPB Guangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau
LZEMP Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project
LZPMO Liuzhou Project Management Office
CHEMICAL ABBREVIATIONS
A²/O Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic biologic phosphorus & nitrogen
BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand （5 days）
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
CODMn Permanganate Index
NH3-N Ammonia Nitrogen
SBR Sequencing Batch Reactor Processing
SS Suspended Solids
TN Total Nitrogen
TP Total Phosphorus
TSP Total Suspended Particulates
1 General
1.1 General Context of Project
1.1.1 Governmental development strategy and project source
Liuzhou is an ancient city with a long history of more than 2100 years and was founded after liberation. From March 1950, it was governed by Guangxi Province and approved by the state council to be an open tourist city in 1977.
Liuzhou is located in the center by north of Guangxi and middle reaches of Liujiang River, its geographic position is E 108°50′~109°44′ to N 23°54′~24°50′. After adjustment of administrative area in 2002, Sanjiang, Rongshui, Rong’an, Luzhai, Liucheng, and Liujiang counties are under jurisdiction of Liuzhou city, its area is increased to 18707.25 km2, population increased to 3.625 million (including non-agriculture population of 1.2639 million) the urban area is 658.31km2 with urban population of 1.0184 million (by Yearbook of 2007). Its original suburb was canceled and merged to Liubei District, Chengzhong District, Liunan District and Yufeng District respectively.
Liuzhou city is a key industrial city and second largest city of Guangxi, a place where ethnic minorities live in compact communities, a distribution area of special local agricultural byproducts and industrial products, industry and commerce are developed, and a key channel of stream of people and logistics of central south and south-west regions. Xiang-Gui, Xiang-Qian and Zhiliu three railways cross here; waterway can be bound to Guangzhou, air flights to Guangzhou, Chengdu and etc. destinations are available, roads extend in all directions. Since reform and opening, its social economy and urban construction have been being developed rapidly, urban functions are being improved day by day, adjustment of industrial structure is being accelerated, new and hi-tech industries are operation up, and rebuilding of traditional industries has got good effect. Liuzhou city now goes from a metropolitan to an open and multifunctional modern industrial and commercial super big city.
The economic development also brings a depravation of environment. At present, plenty of untreated urban wastewater from urban area and counties are discharged directly, thus rivers and ditches are polluted, and water body of Liujiang River (section of Liuzhou) runs from category II to III. The pollution of surface water environment now impacts the agricultural and industrial development substantially, especially the safety of drinking water source. Confliction between rapid urban development and declining water environment quality is outstanding increasingly; the current water environment catches the high attention of Guangxi provincial government and Liuzhou municipal government (LMG). According to the Decision on overall pushing construction of urban wastewater and living rubbish treatment facility of the party committee and the people’s government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GF [2008] No.18) as well as the Notice on working scheme on overall pushing construction of urban wastewater and living rubbish treatment facility of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region printed and released by the people’s government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZF [2008] No.26), to improve the water environment of Liuzhou is quite urgent.
Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project benefits to the country and the people, its implementation can not only improve the quality of water environment and investment environment, protect the rare water resources, improve living environment conditions and health level, but also play an important role for the sustainability of Liuzhou and realize the development objective specified in “Master Plan” compendium smoothly. Therefore, successive LMG take LZEMP II as a top task. But lack of construction fund always worries LMG, also blocks up construction steps of the project. Since “17th NPC” of the Communists Party of China, Liuzhou meets another economic construction upsurge, its municipal finance leaps to a new step, the wastewater tariff rate is increased and the investment market is active, so LMG decided to carry out Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project II (LZEMP II) by using foreign capital, LZEMP II includes: Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP(Liubei District), Guantang WWTP (Liudong District), Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-projects, and Liuzhou WWTP dewatered sludge management. If LZEMP II can be implemented smoothly, it will improve the pollution conditions of rivers and ditches within the territory of Liuzhou and Liujiang river (Liuzhou section), and create a good ecological environment for a long-term, stable, sustainable development of Liuzhou city, and establish a solid foundation for building Liuzhou into “Auxiliary central city of Guangxi, traffic hinge and industrial center and famous historical culture city with unique landscape”.
The total estimated investment of LZEMP II is RMB1.8316 billion. To expedite the wastewater treatment, USD150 million loans (RMB1.0245 billion) from the World Bank is proposed to finance LZEMP II.
1.1.2 Contribution of the World Bank
The World Bank and Liuzhou city has had good cooperation in urban environment construction, and made positive contributions to improvement of partial urban environmental infrastructures and enhancement of urbanization level.
In 2005, the World Bank financed LZEMP to support a series of environment management sub-projects by providing USD100 million within next 5 years so as to help Liuzhou become a livable city with green water and blue sky and guarantee the sustainability Liuzhou.
LZEMP is an enormous system engineering covering 4 parts: wastewater treatment, industrial pollution control, solid waste collection system and public toilets construction. The Loan Agreement was signed by the Ministry of Finance of People’s Republic of China and World Bank on August 11th 2005. This is the first project funded by the World Bank in Liuzhou, and the World Bank will disburse the loan proceeds in line with the construction progress to guarantee the overall completion of LZEMP by December, 2010.
Based on the project implementation status of past years, the loan proceeds are well used, and project was carried out rapidly in good order, contributing to improve the environment quality of Liuzhou city and enhance the flood-control and drainage capability.
1.2 Profile of CEA
1.2.1 Objective
According to the provisions of “Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People's Republic of China”, “Environmental Protection Management Regulation for the Construction Project” and “Notification on Strengthening Management of Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects Financed by International Financial Organization” and requirements of safeguard policies of the World Bank as well as domestic and World Bank’s environmental impact assessment procedure, to assess the positive environmental impact brought by the implementation of LZEMP II, and identify, screen and forecast the possible negative environmental impact caused, and put forward pertinent and effective countermeasures and environmental management plan against major inevitable negative environmental impact, and provide the World Bank basis for its independent assessment for LZEMP II, also provide basis for decision-making and management for the relevant integrated government departments and environment management department.
1.2.2 Category and Assessment Grade of CEA
According to the provisions of “Notification on Strengthening Management of Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects Financed by International Financial Organization” (HJ [1993] No.324) and safeguard policies of the World Bank OP4.01 “Environmental Assessment”, combining with the result of environmental assessment factor identification and screening, the environmental assessment category of LZEMP II is identified as Category A, namely “A construction project which may cause a substantial adverse impact to environment, and such project needs to carry out an overall environmental impact assessment” (HJ [1993] No.324), “If a proposed project will cause substantial adverse impact, and these impacts sensitive, various or unprecedented, and may go beyond the scope of site or establishments, then such project is regarded as Category A” (OP4.01).
Hereby, CEA of LZEMP II is prepared in line with the content and scope of Category A. The EIA grades of sub-projects refer to Table 1.1.
Evidences for identifying EIA grade of sub-projects are:
（1）HJ/T2.2-93 Technical Guidelines of Environmental Impact Assessment – Atmospheric Environment
（2）HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guidelines of Environmental Impact Assessment – Surface Water Environment
（3）HJ/T2.4-1995 Technical Guidelines of Environmental Impact Assessment – Noise Environment
（4）HJ/T19-1997 Technical Guidelines of Environmental Impact Assessment – Non-Pollutive Ecological impact
Table 1.1 EIA Grade of sub-projects
|NO. |sub-project |Atmospheric |Surface water |Noise environment |Non-pollutive ecological |
| | |environment |environment | |impact |
|1 |Sanjiang WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis * |Simple analysis * |
|2 |Rong’an WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
|3 |Rongshui WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
|4 |Liucheng WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
|5 |Shatang WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
|6 |Guantang WWTP |Grade III |Grade III |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
|7 |Liuzhou urban-suburb |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |Simple analysis |
| |drainage sub-project | | | | |
|8 |Liuzhou sludge |Grade III |Grade III |Grade III |Grade III |
| |management sub-project | | | | |
*Note：Simple analysis is to judge based on the EIA identification result and provisions of environmental impact technical guidelines, its assessment grade is lower than Grade III, only simple analysis is carried out instead of quantitive forecasting.
1.2.3 Preparation of CEA
After project investigation, ability evaluation and etc. related procedures, Liuzhou Municipal Wastewater Treatment Co., Ltd /LMWTC entrusted Guangxi Environmental Protection Research Academy / GEPRA to finish CEA on the basis of environmental assessment of all sub-projects implemented and related environmental assessment reports finished.
Details of preparation and approval of environmental assessment of all sub-projects refer to Table 1.2.
Assessment unit, after acceptance of entrustment, collected, settled and researched related data, investigated proposed construction site and surroundings of partial sub-projects, and made preliminary analysis of construction character, content, capacity, technology, key pollution factors, possible environmental impact raised from thereof of sub-projects, and compiled this CEA according to the provisions of domestic technical guidelines of EIA and environmental assessment in safeguard policies of World Bank.
Table 1.2 Details of compiling and examination and approval of environmental assessment of all sub-projects
|subproject |File type |Compiled by |Examined and approved by |Time of approval |
| |of EIA | | | |
|Sanjiang WWTP |Report table |Liuzhou Environmental |Liuzhou Environmental |Jan.-06, 2009 |
| | |Protection Research |Protection Bureau (LEPB) | |
| | |Institute(LEPRI) | | |
|Rong’an WWTP |Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |Jan.-06, 2009 |
|Rongshui WWTP |Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |Jan.-06, 2009 |
|Liucheng WWTP |Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |Jan.-06, 2009 |
|Shatang WWTP |Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |Aug. 10, 2007 |
|Guantang WWTP |Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |July 10, 2009 |
|Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage |Report table |GEPRA |LEPB | March 15, 2010 |
|sub-project | | | | |
|Liuzhou sludge management subproject|Report table |LEPRI |LEPB |March 11, 2010 |
1.3 EA Scope, Assessment Period and Environmental Protection Objectives (Sensitive Receptors)
1.3.1 EA Scope
EA scope:
（1）By requirement of technical guidelines of EIA, and on the basis of proposed assessment working grade, take EA scope of different sub-projects as basic EA scope of this CEA;
（2）If with environmental protection objectives (Sensitive Receptors) or objects focused by safeguard policies of World Bank are closed to basic EA scope, then take it into EA scope;
（3）For factors and events with direct relationship or potential impact to LZEMP II (e.g. dams located at the upper/lower river, groundwater structural unit, substance and culture resources with certain historical value, etc.), take them into EA scope.
EA scope of all sub-projects, refer to Table 1.3.
Table 1.3 basic EA scopes of all sub-projects
|No. |Category of |EA Scope |
| |sub-project | |
| | |Atmosphere |Surface water |Groundwater |Noise environment |Non-pollutive |
| | | | | | |ecological impact |
|1 |WWTP, network |1km around proposal |To confirm EA |Surrounding of |100m around proposal |50m around proposal |
| | |plant site and 300m at|scope by project |proposal plant site |plant site and 300m at|plant site and 20m at |
| | |both sides of pipe |character, |the same groundwater |both sides of pipe |both sides of pipe |
| | |During construction |function of water |structural unit of at |During construction |During construction |
| | | |system involved, |both sides of pipe | | |
| | | |and etc. factors | | | |
|2 |Sludge management |Sludge transportation |To confirm EA |- |Plant border and |- |
| | |along 100m at both |scope by project | |surrounding, Sensitive| |
| | |sides of line |character, | |Receptors of sludge | |
| | | |function of water | |transportation along | |
| | | |system involved, | |the line | |
| | | |and etc. factors | | | |
|3 |River course |100m at both banks of |To confirm EA |The same groundwater |100m at both banks of |100m at both banks of |
| |cleaning |river course |scope by project |structural unit near |river course |river course |
| | | |character, |both banks of river | | |
| | | |function of water |course | | |
| | | |system involved, | | | |
| | | |and etc. factors | | | |
1.3.2 EA Period
CEA of LZEMP II mainly analyzes and assesses construction period and operation period.
1.3.3 Environmental Protection Objectives (Sensitive Receptors)
According to provisions of laws and regulations of domestic EIA and safeguard policies of World Bank, environmental protection objectives (Sensitive Receptors) focused by EA of LZEMP II are:
（1）Particular protected areas: areas need particular protection, e.g. drinking water source protection area, natural reserves, landscape area, ecological function protection area, basic farm protection area, key protective and control area of loss of water and soil, forest park, Geo-park, world relics, key cultural relic protection unit, etc.;
（2）Ecological sensitive area: Area short of water heavily, habitats of rare animals, plants and hydrobios, fields where fishes and shrimps lay eggs, important everglade, natural fishing ground;
（3）Key social area: Dense population area, culture and education area, concentrative official offices, sanitaria, hospital, etc.
（4）Substance and culture sources including existences, e.g., obvious cultural relic, temples with historical cultural value, local representative dwellings, ancestral temple, tumulus, religion historic site, historical remains, ancient trees, etc.
1.4 Environmental Impact Factors and Assessment Factors
1.4.1 Analysis of environmental pollution category
This project involves three categories:（1）wastewater treatment and sewer network（2）river course control（3）Sludge management, according to different types of environmental impact, impacts mainly come from construction period and operation period, detailed analysis is as below:
1.4.1.1 Urban domestic wastewater treatment and sewer network category
Positions where contaminations produced and drained by sub-projects of urban domestic wastewater treatment and sewer network category are:
Construction period:
（1）exhaust gas: Raise dust produced during construction and by transportation vehicles.
（2）wastewater: Wastewater during construction mainly comes from domestic wastewater of builders, oiliness wastewater of construction machinery, main pollution factors are CODCr, NH3-N, petroleum and SS.
（3）solid waste: Construction rubbish, earth and stone produced by earth and stone work, domestic rubbish of builders, etc.
（4）Noises: Construction vehicle noises, construction machinery noises, etc.
Operation period:
（1）wastewater: mainly comes from upper clean liquid of sludge concentration pool, filtrate of sludge spin-drier, and domestic wastewater of employees, these wastewater still contain high organic contaminations, and the wastewater will be sent back to influent pumping house through waste pipe within plant, and get into wastewater treatment system for re-treatment.
（2）exhaust gas: odor emitted mainly by wastewater treatment, and odor emitted by sludge. Odor discharge establishments of WWTP mainly are grillage, influent pumping house, grit tank, biology reaction tank, sludge concentration pool, sludge spin-drier house, discharge mode is mostly irregular discharge, main components of odor are H2S, NH3, etc.
（3）solid waste: after period of time of operation of regulating reservoir, sedimentation tank, aeration basin and SBR reaction basin, it will produce sludge, and need to be cleared away.
（4）Noises: Main high noise establishments of WWTP during operation are wastewater lift pumps, sludge lift pumps and fans.
1.4.1.2 River course control category
（1）Construction period:
Social environment: land occupation, dismantling and move, settlement, urban sightseeing, traffic, study in school;
Natural environment: quantity of biology declines in members by silt
Atmosphere: raise dust, tail gas of transportation vehicles, odor produced by silt, and aerosol containing bacterium;
Surface water environment: construction wastewater, operation under water;
Noises: construction noises, traffic noises;
1.4.1.3 Sludge management category
Construction period:
（1）exhaust gas: Raise dust produced during construction and by transportation vehicles.
（2）wastewater: Wastewater During construction mainly comes from domestic wastewater of builders, oiliness wastewater of construction machinery, main pollution factors are CODCr, NH3-N, petroleum and SS.
（3）solid waste: Construction rubbish, earth and stone produced by earth and stone work, domestic rubbish of builders, etc.
（4）Noises: Construction vehicle noises, construction machinery noises, etc.
Operation period:
（1）wastewater: Water used to clean sludge transportation vehicles, and sites for cleaning vehicles are within different WWTP, wastewater produced to be drained to wastewater treatment system thereof respectively.
（2）exhaust gas: Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, Dioxin, acid gas, and odor emitted by sludge.
（3）solid waste: Mainly domestic rubbish of employees.
（4）Noises: Produced by sludge transportation vehicles.
1.4.2 Identification result of environmental impact factors
By above analysis, and jointly with engineering category and character of LZEMP II, environmental impact identification of different types of sub-projects, please refer to Table 1.4.
Table 1.4 Screening result of environmental assessment factors of different sub-projects
|No. |Category of |Environmental assessment factors |
| |subproject | |
| | |Environment |Environment air |Surface water |Ground |Noises |Solid waste |
| | | | | |water | | |
|1 |Domestic |Land using, |TSP,NH3,H2S |pH value, suspended substance, |- |Noises from plant |Discarded earth |
| |wastewater |vegetation | |dissolution oxygen, permanganate | |and construction |during |
| |treatment, | | |index,Bio-COD,COD, | | |construction, |
| |drainage sewer | | |NH3-N,petroleum,TN, TP,Fecal | | |surplus sludge |
| |network | | |coliform | | | |
|2 |River course |Land using, |TSP,H2S |PH value, suspended substance, |- |Traffic noises and |Discarded earth |
| |control |vegetation, natural | |dissolution oxygen, permanganate | |construction noises|during |
| | |habitat, loss of | |index,COD,BOD5, NH3-N,TP,Fecal | | |construction, |
| | |water and soil | |coliform | | |bottom sludge |
|3 |Sludge |- |TSP,H2S,NH3,SO2,NO2 |PH value, suspended substance, |- |Noises from plant |- |
| |management | |heavy metal and its compound, |dissolution oxygen, permanganate | |and construction | |
| | | |Dioxin |index,COD,BOD5, NH3-N,TP,Fecal | | | |
| | | | |coliform | | | |
1.5 Environment Policies
1.5.1 Laws and regulations of environmental protection
（1）《Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China》（1989）;
（2）《Atmosphere Pollution prevention Law of the People’s Republic of China》（2000）;
（3）《Water Pollution prevention Law of the People’s Republic of China》（2008）;
（4）《Noise Pollution prevention Law of the People's Republic of China》（1996）;
（5）《Waste Pollution prevention Law of the People's Republic of China》（2004）;
（6）《Cleanness Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China》（2009）;
（7）《Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People's Republic of China》（2003）;
（8）《Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China》（1991）;
（9）《Land Management Law of the People's Republic of China》(Revised in 1998);
（10）《City Planning Law of the People's Republic of China》(2008);
（11）《Water Law of the People’s Republic of China》（2002）;
（12）《Flood-control Law of the People’s Republic of China》（1997）;
（13）No.257 Decree of the State Council《Basic Farmland Protection Regulation》(December 27, 1998);
（14）No.253 Decree of the State Council《Environmental Protection Management Regulation for the Construction Project》（1999）;
（15）No.14 Decree of Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China《Environmental Protection Categorization Management Under Construction Project》（January 01,2003）;
（16）HF[2004]No.59 of Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China《Policy on Abundant Alimentation Prevention and Treatment Technology of Lake and Reservoir》;
（17）《Enforcement Regulation of Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China》（1993）;
（18）《Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China》（June 29, 2002）;
（19）HF[2006]No.28 of Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China《Interim Procedures on Public Participation to Environmental Impact Assessment》(February 14, 2006);
（20）GF[2005]No.39 《Decision on the State Council to Fulfill Scientific Development View and Strengthen Environmental Protection》(December 14, 2005);
（21）《Overall Emergency Ready-Plan on State Outburst Public Events》（2006）;
（22）《River course Management Regulation of the People’s Republic of China》（1988）;
（23）《Water Function Area Plan of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region》（2002）;
（24）《Regulation of Environmental Protection of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region》（2006）;
（25）《Regulation of Agricultural Environmental Protection of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region》（2006）;
（26）Method of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on Implementing《Noise Pollution prevention Regulation of the People's Republic of China》（1993）;
（27）《recent key Notice of the State Council on Well Making the Construction of a Economic Society》（2005）;
（28）《About Promulgating Bulletin of Revision Sheet （GB18918-2002）》(Bulletin of Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, No.21 in year of 2006);
（29）《Culture Relic Management Regulation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region》（2006）;
（30）《Written Reply of Office of the People’s Government of Liuzhou City Regarding Liuzhou’s Atmosphere Quality Function Zoning Project》,LZBH（1998）No. 41;
（31）《Written Reply of Office of the People’s Government of Liuzhou City Regarding Liuzhou’s Water Environment Quality Function Zoning Project》,LZBH（1998）No. 42;
（32）《Notice of the People’s Government of Liuzhou City on Printing and Releasing Applied Zoning Stipulation of Revised Liuzhou Urban Area Environmental Noise Standard》,LZF（1998）No. 83.
1.5.2 Pollution prevention Technology Policy
（1）《Urban treatment and Pollution prevention Technology Policy》;
（2）《Opinions on Pushing Industrialization Development of Urban Domestic wastewater and Rubbish》;
（3）《Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalogue（2005 Version）》.
1.5.3 Social Economic Development and Environmental Protection Plan and Programming
（1）《11th Five-Year-Plan of Liuzhou National Economy and Social Development》;
（2）《 “11th Five-Year” Programming of Liuzhou Environmental Protection》;
（3）《11th Five-Year-Plan Compendium of Liujiang National Economy and Social Development》;
（4）《11th Five-Year-Plan Compendium of Rong’an National Economy and Social Development》;
（5）《11th Five-Year-Plan Compendium of Rongshui National Economy and Social Development》;
（6）《11th Five-Year-Plan Compendium of Liucheng National Economy and Social Development》.
（7）《General Urban Programming of Liuzhou City（2204-2020）》;
（8）《General Urban Programming of Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County（2006～2020）》;
（9）《General Urban Programming of Rong’an county（1995～2015）》;
（10）《General Urban Programming of Rongshui Miao Autonomous County（2006～2020）》;
（11）《General Urban Programming of Liucheng county（2005～2025）》;
（12）《General Programming of Shatang Town of Liuzhou City》;
（13）《Development Programming of Liudong New District of Liuzhou City》;
（14）《Municipal Engineering Programming of Liudong New District (Guantang section) of Liuzhou City》;
（15）《Controlled Detailed Programming of Guantang Founder Park of Liuzhou New & Hi-tech Development Zone》;
（16）《Conceptive Programming of Guantang New District of Liuzhou City》;
（17）《Zoning Programming of Sections Along Liujiang River of Yanghe New Industrial District and Eastern Sections》;
（18）《Controlled Detailed Programming of Sections Along Liujiang River of Yanghe New Industrial District and Eastern Sections》;
（19）《Controlled Detailed Programming of Eastern Sections of South Section of Liushi Road of Liuzhou City》;
（20）《Zoning Programming of Jinglan Section of Liuzhou City (2006～2020)》;
（21）《Controlled Detailed Programming of Dudeng Shan Section》;
（22）《Zoning Programming of Liuzhou New & Hi-tech Development Zone (2004～2020)》;
（23）《Vertical Programming, Road and Drainage Programming of Industrial Base of Xiaotaohua Section of Liunan District of Liuzhou City》;
（24）《Urban Drainage Engineering Programming of Liuzhou City》.
1.5.4 Documents of Project
（1）Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute《Feasibility Report of Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project II (LZEMP II)》（9 volumes in total）;
Volume 1 General Design
Volume 2 Sanjiang WWTP
Volume 3 Rong’an WWTP
Volume 4 Rongshui WWTP
Volume 5 Liucheng WWTP
Volume 6 Shatang WWTP
Volume 7 Guantang WWTP
Volume 8 Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project
Volume 9 Liuzhou sludge management subproject
（2）HeHai University《General Report of Project Immigration Settlement Plan》;
（3）HeHai University《Project’s Social Assessment and Research》.
1.5.5 Safeguard policies of World Bank
（1）OP/BP 4.01（Environmental Assessment）;
（2）BP17.50 （Information Disclosure）;
（3）OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
1.5.7 Environmental Quality Standard
1.5.7.1 Atmospheric environment
Atmospheric environment implements GB3095-1996 《Atmosphere Quality Standard》 and TJ36-79《Industrial Enterprise Design Health Standard》(Max. Allowable concentration of harmful substances in atmosphere at residential area), standard value implemented of different sub-projects, refer to Table 1.5 and 1.6.
Table 1.5 《Atmosphere Quality Standard》standard value (Excerpt) Unit:（mg/Nm³）
|Assessment factor|Time of Value |Limit value of class II |Component applied |
| | |standard | |
|TSP |Yearly average |0.20 |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, |
| | | |Guantang WWTP, Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou |
| | | |sludge management subproject |
| |Daily average |0.30 | |
| |Average/ Hour* |0.90 | |
|PM10 |Yearly average |0.10 |Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
| |Daily average |0.15 | |
| |Average/ Hour* |0.45 | |
|SO2 |Yearly average |0.06 | |
| |Daily average |0.15 | |
| |Average/ Hour* |0.50 | |
|NO2 |Yearly average |0.08 | |
| |Daily average |0.12 | |
| |Average/ Hour* |0.24 | |
Table 1.6 《Industrial Enterprise Design Health Standard》 standard value (Excerpt)
Unit:（mg/Nm³）
|NH3 |Max. allowable concentration by |0.20 |
| |once | |
| | Daily average * |0.067 |
|H2S |Max. allowable concentration by |0.0l |
| |once | |
| |Daily average * |0.003 |
|Component applied |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang WWTP, Liuzhou |
| |urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
*By suggestion of GB/T13201-1991, daily average concentration is as per 1/3 of average concentration/hour.
1.5.7.2 Surface Water Environment
Quality standard of surface water environment implements GB3838-2002《Quality standard of surface water environment》,standard value, refer to Table 1.7.
Table 1.7 Quality standard of surface water environment》standard value (Excerpt)
Unit:（mg/L）
|Category Ⅲ |Assessment factor|pH value |Dissolution oxygen |CODMn |COD |
| |Standard value |6~9 |5 |6 |20 |
| |Assessment factor|BOD5 |NH3-N |Fecal coliform |TP |
| |Standard value |4 |1 |10000 |0.2 |
| |Component applied|Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang WWTP, Liuzhou |
| | |urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
1.5.7.3 Noise Environment
Noise Environment of different sub-projects implements GB3096-2008《Quality standard of noise environment》,standard value, refer to Table 1.8.
Table 1.8 《Quality standard of noise environment》 standard value (Excerpt)
Unit: dB(A)
|Category |Daytime |Night |Component applied |
|II |60 |50 |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang |
| | | |WWTP, Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management |
| | | |subproject |
1.5.8 Contamination Discharge Control Standard
1.5.8.1 Atmospheric contamination discharge standard
Atmospheric contamination discharge implements GB16297-1996《Atmospheric contamination integral discharge standard》,GBl4554-93《Fetor contamination discharge standard》,GB4915-2004《Cement industrial atmosphere contamination discharge standard》,GB14554-93《Fetor contamination discharge standard》and GB18485-2001《Domestic rubbish burning pollution control standard》,standard value, refer to Table 1.9~1.12.
Table 1.9 《Atmospheric contamination integral discharge standard》 standard value (Excerpt) Unit:（mg/Nm³）
|Assessment factor |TSP |
|Grade (Category) |Irregular discharge |
|Standard concentration limit value |5 |
|Component applied |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang WWTP, |
| |Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
Table 1.10 Fetor contamination discharge standard》 standard value (Excerpt)
Unit:（mg/Nm³）
|Assessment factor |NH3 |Fetor |H2S |
|Grade (Category) |II |
|Standard concentration limit value |1.5 |20 |0.06 |
|Component applied |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang WWTP, |
| |Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
Table 1.11 《Cement industrial atmosphere contamination discharge standard》 standard value (Excerpt) Unit:（mg/Nm³）
|Assessment factor |Production |SO2 |Nitrogen-Oxygen compound |
| |procedure | |（counted by NO2） |
|Grade (Category) |Cement manufacture|400 |800 |
|Assessment factor |Operation site |Monitoring point of particulates inorganized |TSP concentration limit value （value by 1|
| | |discharge |hour） |
|Grade (Category) |Cement factory |About 20m outside factory’s boundary |1.0 |
|Component applied |Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
Table 1.12 《Domestic rubbish burning pollution control standard》 standard value (Excerpt)
|Name of contamination |CO |HCL |Hg |Cd |Pb |Dioxin |
|Unit |mg/m3 |ngTEQ/m3 |
|Standard value |150 |75 |0.2 |0.1 |1.6 |1.0 |
|Component applied |Liuzhou sludge management subproject |
1.5.8.2 Water contamination discharge standard
Wastewater discharge standard of sub-project of WWTP implements GB18918-2002《Contamination discharge assessment standard of urban WWTP》,and wastewater discharge standard of other sub-projects implements GB8978-1996《Wastewater integral discharge standard》, standard value, refer to Table 1.13~1.14.
Table 1.13 Wastewater integral discharge standard Unit: mg/L, except pH value
|Assessment factor |pH |
|Standard No. & Name | |
Table 1.14 Contamination discharge assessment standard of urban WWTP
（Extracted from GB18918-2002《Contamination discharge assessment standard of urban WWTP》）
|Assessment factor|pH |SS |COD |BOD5 |NH3-N |
|Standard No. & | | | | | |
|Name | | | | | |
| |Grade I |1.0 |0.03 |10 |0.5 |
| |Grade II |1.5 |0.06 |20 |1 |
| |Grade III |4.0 |0.32 |60 |1 |
| |Stabilization method |Anaerobic-digestion |Oxic-digestion |Oxic-compost |
|Sludge |Controlled item |Degradation rate of |Degradation rate of |Moisture rate（%）|Degradation rate of |Death rate of worm |Value of fecal |
|stabilization | |organics（%） |organics（%） | |organics（%） |eggs（%） |coliform（PCS/L） |
|control index | | | | | | | |
| |Controlled index |>40 |>40 |50 |>95 |>0.01 |
|Contamination |Controlled item |Total Cd |Total Hg |Total Pb |Total Cr |Total As |Total Zn |Total Cu |Petroleum |
|control standard | | | | | | | | | |
|limit value when | | | | | | | | | |
|sludge used by | | | | | | | | | |
|farming | | | | | | | | | |
| |On neutral or alkali soil（ |20 |15 |1000 |1000 |75 |3000 |1500 |3000 |
| |Max. allowable content mg/kg）| | | | | | | | |
|Component applied |Grade 1 A: Guantang WWTP; Grade I B: Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP |
1.5.8.3 Noise contamination discharge standard
Noise contamination discharge standard of sub-project implements GB12523-90《Noise limit value of construction site boundary》and GB12348-2008《Noise discharge standard of boundary environment of industrial enterprise》;
Table 1.15《Noise discharge standard of boundary environment of industrial enterprise》standard value (Excerpt) Unit: dB(A)
|Category |Day time |Night |Component applied |
|Standard of Grade II |60 |50 |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Guantang |
| | | |WWTP, Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge management |
| | | |subproject |
1.5.8.4 Solid waste discharge standard
Solid waste discharge standard of sub-project implements GB18599-2001《General industrial solid waste storage and treatment field pollution discharge standard》, and GB4284-84《Contamination control standard in farming sludge》,standard value as in Table 1.16.
Table 1.16 Contamination control standard limit value in farming sludge
|Item |Max. allowable content（mg/kg） |
| |Acid soil |Alkali soil(pH≥6.5) |
| |（pH＜6.5） | |
|Cd and its compound（counted by Cd） |5 |20 |
|Hg and its compound（counted by Hg） |5 |15 |
|Pb and its compound（counted by Pb） |300 |1000 |
|Cr and its compound（counted by Cr） |600 |1000 |
|As and its compound（counted by As） |75 |75 |
|Cu and its compound（counted by Cu） |250 |500 |
|Zn and its compound（counted by Zn） |500 |1000 |
|Ni and its compound（counted by Ni） |100 |200 |
|Component applied |Sanjiang WWTP, Rong’an WWTP, Rongshui WWTP, Liucheng WWTP, Shatang WWTP, |
| |Guantang WWTP, Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project, and Liuzhou sludge |
| |management subproject |
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS AND ANALYSIS
2.1 Project Name and sub-projects
“Liuzhou Environment Management sub-project II (LZEMP II) financed by the World Bank loan” consists of 8 sub-projects, located in 4 counties and 2 districts. WWTP of said counties and districts include construction of counterpart networks, besides construction of network, Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project also cleans and controls partial internal river of the city. As per characters of environmental impact of sub-projects, project Sub-projects are in 3 categories as below in Table 2.1
Table 2.1 Project Sub-projects
|Category |No. |Project name |Project site |Project owner |
|Wastewater treatment, sewer network |1 |Sanjiang WWTP |Sanjiang county |Liuzhou Municipal |
|engineering category | | | |Wastewater Treatment |
| | | | |Co., Ltd /LMWTC |
| |2 |Rong’an WWTP |Rong’an county | |
| |3 |Rongshui WWTP |Rongshui county | |
| |4 |Liucheng WWTP |Liucheng county | |
| |5 |Shatang WWTP |Shatang section | |
| | | |of Liubei district | |
| |6 |Guantang WWTP |Guantang section of Liudong New| |
| | | |District | |
|Sewer network and river course control|1 |Liuzhou urban-suburb |Urban-suburb | |
| | |drainage sub-project |of Liuzhou city | |
|Sludge management |2 |Liuzhou sludge |Liuzhou Yufeng | |
| | |management subproject |Cement Factory | |
2.2 Proposed Project Sites
After comprehensive alternative analysis of technical economy, environmental conditions, social effect and etc. of environmental assessment of sub-projects, details of land use and requisition of land of proposal sites which have obtained written reply are as in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 proposed sites of sub-projects
|No. |Project |Proposed site and environmental |Conformity of project and related |Land occupation and |
| | |conditions |programming |requisition of land |
|1 |Sanjiang |West bank of lower reaches of |Satisfy 《General programming of county|Total area is 1.56ha., current requisition of |
| |WWTP |Xunjiang River at where beef |town of Sanjiang county》 |land is small factory and farmland and |
| | |processing factory of Sanjiang | |vegetable field, including, requisition land of|
| | |Qiaopai Industrial Co., Ltd. | |the small factory is 5.9 Mu (converted to |
| | |located | |3935.3m2). Wastewater lifting Pump Stations of |
| | | | |both Guyi bridge and Ersheng bridge needs a |
| | | | |requisition of land of 900m2, and such lands |
| | | | |are all construction land, including |
| | | | |requisition of land for the Pump Station of |
| | | | |Ersheng bridge needs a requisition of partial |
| | | | |land of Sanjiang Forest Bureau. Without |
| | | | |dismantling and move. |
|2 |Rong’an WWTP |About 300m at the south of |Satisfy 《Rong’an 11th 5-year-plan |The work needs a requisition of land of 4.23 |
| | |original Rong’an Nitrogenous |compendium》 |ha. (63.5Mu), and requisition of land is |
| | |Fertilizer Factory | |programmed and controlled land, land occupation|
| | | | |of lifting Pump Station is 1.68 Mu, current |
| | | | |is unused land. Without dismantling and move. |
|3 |Rongshui WWTP |South of county town of Rongshui |Satisfy 《General programming of county|Requisition of land is 73.85Mu, current is |
| | |county, south-west of Silingping, |town of Rongshui county（2006～2020）》|plantation and unused land, land occupation of |
| | |and east of Xialang brick factory | |wastewater lifting Pump Station is unused |
| | | | |land, network construction not involves |
| | | | |permanent requisition of land. |
|4 |Liucheng WWTP |About 200m at upper reaches of |Satisfy 《General programming of county|Requisition of land is 23137 m2 (in the near |
| | |Dapu hydro station |town of Liucheng county》 |future), current is a small wood processing |
| | | | |factory and river shoal, the piece of land now |
| | | | |is a programmed land, but was listed into the |
| | | | |general programming of Liucheng county. Without|
| | | | |dismantling and move. |
|5 |Shatang WWTP |Yangliu village, Shatang town, |Satisfy 《General programming of |Requisition of land is 67240.0 m2, proposal |
| | |Liuzhou city |Shatang town of Liuzhou city》 |site is quite flat, current is farmland, |
| | | | |without architecture and cultural relic, |
| | | | |without dismantling and move engineering, and |
| | | | |without residence within the scope of health |
| | | | |protective distance |
|6 |Guantang WWTP |South-west corner, and south of |Satisfy 《Municipal Engineering |Requisition of land is 109388 m2, landform is |
| | |Nanzhai Hill, and close to |programming of Guantang new district |flat, and current is sugarcane farmland, |
| | |Jiaoyong ditch at the east |of Liuzhou city》 |belongs to cultivation area, without |
| | | | |architecture and cultural relic, and without |
| | | | |dismantling and move engineering. |
|7 |Liuzhou |Urban-suburb and partial districts|Satisfy《Municipal Drainage Engineering|Without occupation, dismantling and move |
| |urban-suburb |of Liuzhou city |Programming of Liuzhou City》 《General | |
| |drainage | |Urban Programming of Liuzhou City | |
| |sub-project | |(2004-2020)》 | |
|8 |Liuzhou sludge |Within Yufeng Group Co., Ltd at |Satisfy 《General Urban Programming of |Without occupation, dismantling and move |
| |management |Taiyang village |Liuzhou City (2004-2020)》 | |
| |subproject | | | |
The specific site of different sub-projects, see Map 2.1~2.8.
[pic]
Map 2.1 Location of Sanjiang WWTP
[pic]
Map 2.2 Location of Rongshui WWTP
[pic]
Map 2.3 Location of Rong’an WWTP
Map 2.4 Location of Liucheng WWTP
[pic]
Map 2.5 Location of Shatang WWTP [pic]
Map 2.6 Location of Guantang WWTP
[pic]
Map 2.7 Liuzhou Urban-suburb Drainage Network
[pic]
Map 2.-8 Location of Liuzhou Sludge management sub-project
2.3 Project Construction alternative
2.3.1 Construction content and capacity of wastewater treatment engineering
Wastewater treatment engineering programming is in short term and long term, written reply is only for short term, this report also makes assessment against construction content in short term, detailed construction contents refer to Table 2.3, and details refer to Table 2.4.
（1）Wastewater treatment engineering of sub-project is only the first-stage engineering of the project. Wastewater treated by WWTP includes domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater, the rate of wastewater treatment of Liuzhou urban area and surrounding areas should be up to 85%, and rate of counties under its jurisdiction should be up to 60%, beneficial population of WWTPs of 4 counties is more than that of Liuzhou urban area, but wastewater collection rate and treatment rate are low, therefore designed treatment capacity of WWTP is basically in conformity with quantity of wastewater produced.
（2）WWTP project is with supporting network, after project implementation, current wastewater drained directly to surface water system will be changed to be drained to network and to urban domestic WWTP, and finally to surface water system after up-standard treatment.
（3）Technology adopted by different WWTPs is basically the same, Guantang WWTP GB18918-2002 《Urban WWTP contamination discharge standard》 grade I A standard, WWTP, after adopting improved Carrousel oxidation ditch biologic phosphorus & nitrogen technology, needs to add deepness processing technology, other WWTPs implement GB18918-2002《Urban WWTP contamination discharge standard》grade I B standard, and adopt improved Carrousel oxidation ditch is OK. According to analogical investigation analysis and assessment upon quality of local urban wastewater by “Feasibility Report” to determine the water quality of influent and effluent of WWTP, refer to Table 2.5.
Table 2.3 Profile of Wastewater Sub-projects
|Component |Service year |Population served|Designed capacity |Counterpart |Drainage system |Discharge to |Disinfection way|
| |（Year） |（Ten thousand） |（10,000 m3/d） |network length L | | |of effluent |
| | | | |（m）,pipe | | | |
| | | | |diameter d（mm） | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Sanjiang WWTP |Waste network collecting system is in west river bank and east river bank two systems: ① west river bank wastewater system: lay |Jack pipe |Grade I |Iimproved |
| |wastewater interception trunk pipe at Zhongchang street near river, and reach to programmed WWTP directly. ②east river bank |/Trenched |B standard |Carrousel |
| |wastewater system: lay wastewater interception trunk pipe at Tongxiang avenue for collecting wastewater of east river bank, then |piping | |oxidation |
| |drained to southwest direction, and finally passes Xunjiang River from the south of Guyi town, and only after joining west river |construction | |ditch |
| |bank wastewater system, it can get into programmed WWTP. River-crossing pipe are laid upper end of Dazhou divarication of Xunjiang | | | |
| |River and at the bottom of river, river-crossing pipe are pressure flow. | | | |
|Rong’an WWTP |Take good use of existing drainage establishments, build wastewater interception pipe depending on existing drainage channel at west|Jack pipe |Grade I | |
| |river bank to form wastewater interception system along river; and build waste pipe at east river bank to form independent |/Trenched |B standard | |
| |wastewater collecting system. |piping | | |
| | |construction | | |
|Rongshui WWTP |（1）Match factory wastewater system: this system mainly collects urban wastewater at the north of Qiaofengbai road, served area |Jack pipe |Grade I | |
| |3.56km2. 2）Gouduling wastewater system: this system mainly collects wastewater at the south of Qiaofengbai road, and both banks of|/Trenched |B standard | |
| |Gouduling at the north of Danjiang River, wastewater drained by industrial land at northeast of the county town also enter into this|Piping | | |
| |collecting system, served area 3.0 km2.（3）Shuidong new district wastewater system: this system collects wastewater of Shuidong new|construction | | |
| |district, total served area 5.15km2,and served area in short term 1.72km2. （4）south county town wastewater system: this system | | | |
| |collects wastewater of scattered industrial and residential wastewater at the south river bank of Danjiang River, total served area | | | |
| |2.5 km2. | | | |
|Liucheng WWTP |（1）Town wastewater system: mainly collects wastewater of area at the north of Xiangyang road, east of Hedong avenue and south of |Jack pipe |Grade I | |
| |Yangliu River, served area 1.83km2, including served area 1.08km2 in short term.（2）Liutang wastewater system: mainly collects |/Trenched |B standard | |
| |wastewater of area at the north of Hedong avenue to Xiangyang road, and south of Yangliu Rive, as well as enclosed area by Hedong |piping | | |
| |avenue, Baiyangbei road, Baiyangdong road and Chengzhong road, served area 2.1 km2.（3） Party committee wastewater system: mainly |construction | | |
| |collects wastewater of whole county town, total served area 12.29km2, including mainly serves for Hedong district of Liucheng county| | | |
| |in short term with served area 7.05 km2. | | | |
|Shatang WWTP |① Town wastewater system: mainly collects domestic wastewater of area at Hengsan road and north of programmed railway, served area |Jack pipe/ |Grade I | |
| |7.83 km2, including urban construction land 7.74km2, and served area 3.13 km2 in short term. ② Shatang southwest wastewater system: |Trenched |B standard | |
| |mainly collects residential and industrial wastewater at the south of Hengsan road and west of Zhongshan road, served area 3.39 km2,|piping | | |
| |and served area 1.97 km2 in short term. Shatang southeast wastewater system: mainly collects residential and industrial wastewater |construction | | |
| |at the south of programmed railway and east of Zhongshan road, served area 4.74 km2, and served area 1.28 km2 in short term. | | | |
|Guantang WWTP |Trunk waste pipes are laid along urban roads, and laid under footpath, green belt or slow driveway at the side of lots of wastewater|Jack pipe |Grade I |Improved Carrousel oxidation ditch biologic |
| |or less underground pipes and lines. Wastewater at the north of north branch of Yaolan road, including collecting wastewater of both|/Trenched |A standard |phosphorus & nitrogen + chemical reagent |
| |areas at the north side of programmed zone to waste pipe at Yaolan road, wastewater rounding yaolan road to be collected to waste |piping | |(Aluminate) phosphorus + coagulatory settler |
| |pipe at Liudong avenue, and wastewater at the south of south branch of Yaolan road to be collected to waste pipe at south branch of |construction | |filtration depth processing |
| |Yaolan road. After all wastewater collected, then enter into WWTP area from north side of WWTP. | | | |
Note：discharge standard refers to GB18918-2002《Contamination discharge standard of urban WWTP》.
Table 2.5 Designed water quality of influent and effluent
of urban wastewater sub-project
|Project name and technology |Index |COD |BOD5 |SS |NH3-N |TP |TN |
|Sanjiang, Rong’an, Rongshui, |Water intake（mg/L） |220 |120 |200 |25 |3 |35.7 |
|Liucheng, and Shatang WWTP: | | | | | | | |
|improved Carrousel oxidation ditch | | | | | | | |
|technology | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| |outfall（mg/L）|Grade I（B |≤60 |≤20 |≤20 |≤8 |≤1.0 |≤20 |
| | |） | | | | | | |
| |Move rate（%） |72.70% |83.30% |90% |68% |66.70% |44% |
|Guantang WWTP: improved Carrousel |Water intake（mg/L） |220 |120 |200 |25 |3 |- |
|oxidation ditch technology + | | | | | | | |
|chemical reagent (Aluminate) | | | | | | | |
|phosphorus + coagulatory settler | | | | | | | |
|filtration depth processing + | | | | | | | |
|chlorine additive disinfection | | | | | | | |
|technology | | | | | | | |
| |outfall（mg/L）|Grade I（A |≤50 |≤10 |≤10 |≤5 |≤0.5 |- |
| | |） | | | | | | |
| |Move rate（%） |77.30% |91.70% |95% |80% |85.70% |- |
Note：quality of water outlet complies with GB18918-2002《Contamination discharge standard of urban WWTP》,standard grade implemented mainly depends on function of receiving water discharge
2.3.2 Construction contents and capacity drainage engineering
Construction of Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage engineering can improve drainage system of urban-suburb and partial districts, engineering adopts both combined and separate systems, including laying sewer network, Pump Station construction and river course control (river dredging), refer to Table 2.6.
Table 2.6 Construction scheme and content of drainage sub-project
|Scope of engineering |Mode of treatment |Construction effect|Construction time |
|To build and improve the drainage system of 4 WWTPs, including pipeline of |Combined and |Improve Liuzhou |2009-2015 |
|148215m and 4 sewage lifting Pump Stations. |separate system |urban drainage | |
|Baisha WWTP network system: Huilongchong combined wastewater channel (section | |system | |
|of Que’ershan park ~ River side), locate at old zone of city, adopts | | | |
|interception combined drainage system; | | | |
|Longquanshan WWTP network system: area at the south of Taohua section and east | | | |
|section of south part of Liushi road is new area or new programmed area, adopts| | | |
|combined system, other places are located at old zone, adopt interception | | | |
|combined drainage system; | | | |
|Yanghe WWTP network system: Yanghe development zone (except Gutingshan living | | | |
|area), north section of Hedong road, east area of east section of south part of| | | |
|Liushi road are new area or new programmed area, and east natural drainage area| | | |
|(Dudengshan section) of east section of east ring road is basically new zone, | | | |
|they all adopt separate system; area between east ring road and Xueyuan road | | | |
|and other places locate at old zone of city which adopted combined drainage | | | |
|system adopt combined drainage system. | | | |
|Labao WWTP network system: Sewage Interception Project for Jiuquhe River | | | |
2.3.3 Construction contents and capacity of dewatered sludge management sub-project
Liuzhou WWTP’s dewatered sludge management sub-project adopts mode of making dewatered sludge produced by Longquanshan, Baisha, Yanghe, Labao and Guantang 5 WWTPs as raw material of cement.
Based on the capacity of Liuzhou WWTPs, the expected average sludge is 300m3/d in 2010 and 500 m3/d in 2020; refer to table 2.7 and Table 2.8. This EA is conducted based on sludge capacity of 300m3/d.
Table 2.7 Liuzhou WWTP wastewater treatment capacity in 2010
|No. |WWTP |Treatment capacity in 2010 |Absolute dry sludge weight |Moisture |Sludge |
| | |（m3/d） |(t/d) |（%） |volume（m3/d） |
|1 |Longquanshan WWTP |250000 |30.00 |75～80 |120～150 |
|2 |Baisha WWTP |100000 |12.10 |75～80 |48.4～60.5 |
|3 |Yanghe WWTP |125000 |15.00 |75～80 |60.0～75.0 |
|4 |Labao WWTP |25000 |3.00 |75～80 |12.0～15.0 |
|5 |Guantang WWTP |40000 |4.90 |75～80 |19.6～24.5 |
|6 |Total |540000 |65.00 |75～80 |260～325 |
| | | | | |（average 300） |
Table 2.8 Liuzhou WWTP wastewater treatment capacity in 2020
|No. |WWTP |Treatment capacity in |Absolute dry sludge weight |Moisture |Sludge |
| | |2010（m3/d） |(t/d) |（%） |volume（m3/d） |
|1 |Longquanshan WWTP |350000 |42.30 |75～80 |169.2～211.5 |
|2 |Baisha WWTP |200000 |24.20 |75～80 |96.8～121.0 |
|3 |Yanghe WWTP |200000 |24.20 |75～80 |96.6～121.0 |
|4 |Labao WWTP |50000 |6.00 |75～80 |24.0～30.0 |
|5 |Guantang WWTP |210000 |24.30 |75～80 |97.2～121.5 |
|6 |Total |730000 |121.00 |75～80 |484～605 |
| | | | | |（average 500） |
According experience, the proper feeding volume of domestic sludge with moisture of 80% in kiln is 5% 0f total kiln system material feeding volume. The design sludge treatment capacity is 300m3/d, the production capacity of production line 2,3 and 4 are 3200t/d, 2500t/and 2800t/d respectively, the ratio of raw material to clinker is 1.65, so the maximum sludge treatment capacity of these 3 production lines is 264t/d, 206.25t/and 231t/d respectively, and the sludge from Liuzhou WWTPs is about 300m3/d in near future. Because the production lines are overhauled regularly, to ensure the sludge from Liuzhou WWTPs is treated, the dewatered sludge management sub-project proposes to use production line 2,3 and 4 to treat the sludge. Each kiln is designed to treat sludge 100t/d（4.17t/h） and is equipped with 1 set sludge pumping system .
2.3.4 Construction objective of sub-projects
Construction objectives see Table 2.9.
Table 2.9 Construction objectives of urban wastewater treatment of sub-projects
|Project name |Construction objective |
|Sanjiang |To build a 10000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, enable rate of |
|WWTP |wastewater treatment of county town of Sanjiang county not lower than 60%, reduce pollutants load of Xunjiang |
| |River and improve water quality of it. |
|Rong’an |To build a 30000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, enable rate of |
|WWTP |wastewater treatment of county town of Rong’an county not lower than 70%, reduce pollutants load of Rongjiang |
| |River and improve water quality of it. |
|Rongshui |To build a 20000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, enable rate of |
|WWTP |wastewater treatment of county town of Rongshui county not lower than 65%, reduce pollutants load of Rongjiang |
| |River and improve water quality of it. |
|Liucheng |To build a 20000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, urban waste water |
|WWTP |collection and treatment rate reaches to 70%, reduce pollutants load of Liujiang River and improve water quality|
| |of it. |
|Shatang |To build a 20000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, urban waste water |
|WWTP |collection and treatment rate reaches to 85%, reduce pollutants load of Liujiang River and improve water quality|
| |of it. |
|Guantang |To build a 40000m3/d WWTP and counterpart network, build and improve drainage network system, urban waste water |
|WWTP |collection and treatment rate reaches to 85%, reduce pollutants load of Liujiang River and improve water quality|
| |of it |
|Liuzhou urban-suburb |Build and improve drainage system within the scope of service area of Liuzhou’s 4 largest WWTPs, total length of|
|drainage sub-project |pipe channel to be built is 141369m, 4 sewage lifting Pump Stations |
|Liuzhou sludge management|Capacity of wet Sludge management in short term is 300t/d, and 500t/d for long term, moisture rate of sludge is |
|subproject |78.3% |
2.4 Process Character
2.4.1 Wastewater Treatment process
Received wastewater quality and quantity become precondition of realizing standardized drainage of urban domestic WWTP. To ensure standardized drainage may choose technologies which can satisfy requirement of depth treatment, details: ascertain service scope --- wastewater collection (building network) --- treatment in WWTP --- drainage (build drainage sewer network) --- receiving waters, main technical characters refer to Table 2.10.
Table 2.10 Main technical characters of urban WWTP
|Project index |Unit |Sanjiang WWTP |Rong’an WWTP |Rongshui WWTP |Liucheng WWTP |Shatang WWTP |Guantang WWTP |
|1,Basic information | | | | | | | |
|Total quantity of |m3/d |10000 |30000 |20000 |20000 |20000 |49600 |
|wastewater produced | | | | | | | |
|Total quantity of |m3/d |10000 |30000 |20000 |20000 |20000 |49600 |
|wastewater treatment | | | | | | | |
|Receiving water |-- |Xunjiang River |Rongjiang River|Rongjiang River|Rongjiang River|Liujiang River |Liujiang River |
|Served population |×10000 |10 |14 |9.6 |8 |6.29 |10 |
|after implementation |people | | | | | | |
|2,Treatment | | | | | | | |
|establishment | | | | | | | |
|construction character|-- |New project |New project |New project |New project |New project |New project |
|Proposal site |-- |Sanjiang county|Rong’an county |Rongshui county|Liucheng county|Shatang section |Guantang section |
| | | | | | |of Liuzhou |of Liuzhou |
|Designed treatment |m3/d |1 |3 |2 |2 |2 |5 |
|capacity（Year of | | | | | | | |
|2013） | | | | | | | |
|Quantity of dry sludge|t/d |1.2 |3.2 |2.5 |2.5 |2.5 |9.472 |
|produced | | | | | | | |
|Sludge where to |-- |Sanjiang |Rong’an |Rongshui |Liucheng |Lichonggou |Sludge management |
| | |landfill |landfill |landfill |landfill |landfill | |
|3,Network | | | | | | | |
|Length of counterpart |m |9710 |10740 |27200 |11740 |48293 |296000 |
|network | | | | | | | |
|ID of main sewage |mm |DN 400～DN 1200|DN 500～DN 1200|DN 300～DN 1200|DN 300～DN 1200|DN 300～DN 1200 |DN 300～DN 1200 |
|interception pipe | | | | | | | |
|Quantity of pump | |2 |3 |3 |3 |2 |3 |
|station | | | | | | | |
|4.Civil work | | | | | | | |
|Construction period |Year |3 |3 |3 |3 |3 |3 |
2.4.2 River dredging process
Dredging engineering is mainly to remove silt of river, building and domestic rubbish along riverbanks. As this engineering is mainly to collect domestic wastewater, thus silt of river is without other pollution. This engineering is about to, when flow is small in dry season and after finishing sewage interception engineering of both riverbanks, remove silt of river and clear building and domestic rubbish along riverbanks away thoroughly.
Combining with actual local situation of Liuzhou city, there are many ways for river dredging. This engineering is about to use manpower dredging construction method, dam river course by segmentation (dam’s interval is approximate 400~500m), seeper in dam to be discharged thoroughly or diverted, after riverbed bared, use manpower to desilt. Silt to be piled up at temporary silt stack yard around river course temporarily for natural drying, sewage produced during drying period to be diverse to downstream river course, after sludge dried, transport it to domestic landfilling field or depress or pit ditch for stack or filling.
2.4.3 Sludge treatment technology by cooperating with cement production line
The component proposes to treat the dewatered sludge through 2, 3, 4# cement production lines.
There are 4 cement production lines in Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd: 2000t/d semi-dry process cement production line ( 1#）,3200 t/d dry process cement production line（2#）,2500 t/d dry process cement production line（3#）,2800 t/d的dry process cement production line（4#）.At present, these 4 lines are put in operation, and 1,2,3# lines have passed the completion environment acceptance, 4 # line is at the stage of environment acceptance, but the acceptance does not conclude. Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd has 101sets of static dust collecting units and bag dust collecting units under good operation, the dust collecting rate is over 98％.The tail gas online monitoring units are installed for 1,2,3,4# lines and connected with LEPB to ensure the tail gas emission meet the emission standards.
This project treats sludge by cooperating with No.2, No.3 and No.4 production lines of Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd.
（1）Sludge transport and storage process
Sludge of this project is to be transported from WWTP to Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd by closed transportation vehicles. Sludge loading/unloading is in mechanization, open cover of vehicle, then load sludge into vehicle by machine, when full loading, close cover and transport it away. After sludge transported to Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd, open cover of vehicle, dump sludge to feed inlet of sludge storehouse connecting with external environment, sludge, under action of gravity and pressure, enters into storehouse under negative pressure status, (marks in figure below does not show the meaning of drawing waste gas out, the truth is that there is odor gas in negative pressure system), storehouse is pit sludge storehouse, in storehouse 1 and storehouse 2. There are 3 sets of paste pumps 1#, 2# and 3# under storehouse, maximum pump capacity of single paste pump is 20m3/h, pumping distance is not less than 300m, lifting height is not less than 30m. 1# paste pump is under storehouse 1, pumps sludge to No.3 production line of rotary kiln via feeder; 2# paste pump, can pump sludge received by storehouse 1 and storehouse 2 simultaneously, is used as a standby pump of 1# and 3# paste pumps for pumping sludge to No.2, No.3 and No.4 production lines. Process flow is as in Map 2.9.
（2）Sludge disposal process flow in Cement kiln
The sludge is fed to the bottom of decomposing furnace by injecting unit and then to the smoke chamber in the end of kiln, where the sludge will stay for about 30 minutes with kiln internal temperature increasing from 900 to 1450 ℃ and become the clinker. The clinker will come out from the head of kiln and become cement after further processing. The pre-heaters of 2#,3#,and 4# cement production line are five-class cyclone pre-heater which can recycle the raw meal, remove dust and pre-heat. The dust catcher behind the wet tower and dust catcher behind cooler are the electric Dust catcher. The wet tower is to pulverize the water and sprinkle to lower temperature and reduce the dust Specific resistance, it is charged easier. The dust catching rate of cement production line is 99.7&.
During calcination in rotary kiln, the water vaporization, vaporization and partial burning of organic contamination, partial vaporization of volatile heavy metals in materials happens between end of rotary kiln and smoke chamber. The organic contamination are decomposed and most organic contamination get burned to have H2O,CO2,CO,SO2 and HCls that will be burnt further under strong oxygen in kiln. The acid SO2 and Cl combine with alkali CaO in kiln, affecting the skinning at the end of kiln slightly but preventing these nocuous gases from discharging to air. Most heavy metals(except Hg,thallium) combine with cement clinker to have stable mineral, little heavy metals vaporize in the high temperature section and coagulate on materials in the low temperature section, and rejoin the sintering of cement. Other minerals in sludge become part of clinger after sintering with cement clinger. Because sludge has high moisture rate, sludge may lower the temperature of rotary kiln after feeding to kiln. This sub-project can keep the kiln body temperature by increasing coal consumption.
Sludge-feeding to rotary kiln and rotary kiln treatment process flow refer to Map 2.10：
Sludge
Noise
Noise
Waste gas
Figure 2.9 Sludge conveyance and storage process flow
2.5 Linked Project
The sludge of WWTPs in 4 counties will be sent to the landfills for landfilling in 4 counties. The sludge of WWTPs in Liuzhou urban area will be sent to Guangxi Yufeng Group Ltd Ltd to make cement. During sludge disposal, it will bring some environment impact which is assessed in different chapter. So other projects affected by LZEMP II are the landfills in 4 counties (refer to Table 2.11 and 2.12).
Table 2.11 Basic information of linked projects of LZEMP II
|Project |Status |Completion |Location |Capacity |
| | | | |（m3） |
|Sanjiang |Liuzhou Environment Protection Research |2009.5 |Liuzhou EPB |The public consultation are |
|Landfill |Institute | | |conducted, EMP and monitoring plan|
| | | | |are prepared. Overall |
| | | | |environmental analysis is |
| | | | |conducted and complies with the |
| | | | |environment assessment |
| | | | |requirements of the World Bank. |
|Rong’an |Hezhou Environment Protection Research |2009.5 |Liuzhou EPB | |
|Landfill |Institute | | | |
|Rongshui |Hezhou Environment Protection Research |2009.5 |Liuzhou EPB | |
|Landfill |Institute | | | |
|Liucheng |Liuzhou Environment Protection Research |2009.4 |Liuzhou EPB | |
|Landfill |Institute | | | |
Table 2.5-indicates that 4 landfills in 4 counties are under construction and can be put into operation in 2010 before 4 WWTP are put into operation. So the sludge of WWTP can be treated properly.
2.6 Project Investment Estimate
Investment budget sheet of LZEMP II refer to Table 2.13.
Table 2.13 Investment budget sheet
|Category |No. |Project name |Investment budget |World Bank loan |
| | | |（×10000/RMB） |（×10000/USD） |
|Urban wastewater |1 |Sanjiang WWTP |7538.5 |790 |
|treatment, sewer | | | | |
|network, Sludge | | | | |
|management | | | | |
|engineering (8 | | | | |
|projects) | | | | |
| |2 |Rong’an WWTP |13311.24 |1323 |
| |3 |Rongshui WWTP |12469.64 |1098 |
| |4 |Liucheng WWTP |10975.97 |1135 |
| |5 |Shatang WWTP |11352.12 |7519.86 |
| |6 |Guantang WWTP |26895.75 |13415 |
| |7 |Liuzhou urban-suburb drainage sub-project |88391.81 |46444 |
| |8 |Liuzhou sludge management subproject |4415.18 |3220.53 |
|Counseling |1 |Design verification, project management and contract |600 |100 |
| | |management counseling | | |
| |2 |Management ability construction of small drainage area |693 |105 |
|Charges collected |1 |Charges collected in advance |0 |25 |
|in advance | | | | |
|Total |176643.21 |75175.39 |
2.7 Project Implementation Schedule
According to concrete situation, from early preparation to completion of the project, period is about 1~3 years. Construction periods of different sub-projects refer to Table 2.14.
Table 2.14 Project implementation plan
|No. |Project name |Implementation plan |
|1 |Sanjiang WWTP |WWTP： |
| | |2010.01～2010.03,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.0～2010.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|2 |Rong’an WWTP |\WWTP： |
| | |2010.01～2010.03,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.04～2010.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
| | |Wastewater collection system： |
| | |2010.01～2011.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|3 |Rongshui WWTP |WWTP： |
| | |2010.01～2010.03,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.04～2010.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
| | |Wastewater collection system： |
| | |2010．01～2010.03,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.04～2014.7,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|4 |Liucheng WWTP |WWTP： |
| | |2010.5～2010.7,compile bidding documents; |
| | |2010.8～2010.9,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.10～2011.9,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
| | |Wastewater collection system： |
| | |2010.5～2010.7,compile bidding documents |
| | |2010.8～2010.9,purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.10～2014.5,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|5 |Shatang WWTP |WWTP： |
| | |2010.4～2010.7,compile bidding documents, purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.8～2011.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
| | |Wastewater collection system： |
| | |2010.4～2010.7,compile bidding documents, purchase（bidding procedure）; |
| | |2010.8～2015.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|6 |Guantang WWTP |WWTP： |
| | |2010.07～2011.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
| | |Wastewater collection system： |
| | |2009.12～2012.12,construction, debugging, commissioning, as-built acceptance |
|7 |Liuzhou urban-suburb |Baisha WWTP network system： to be finished within 2013~2015; |
| |drainage sub-project |Longquanshan WWTP network system：to be finished within 2011～2015; |
| | |Yanghe WWTP network system：to be finished within 2013～2015; |
| | |Labao WWTP network system：to be finished within 2011～2012. |
|8 |Liuzhou sludge management |Years of construction:：2009~2011 |
| |subproject | |
3 General Environmental and Social Profile
The sub-projects are respectively located in the central urban district, Rongshui county, Rong’an county and Sanjiang county. The current social conditions and the environmental quality monitoring of sub-projects, as well as the situations of the distribution of surrounding Sensitive Receptors are described briefly as follows:
3.1 General Environmental Profile of Liuzhou city
3.1.1 Profile of Natural Environment
(1) Geographic Location
Between E 108°50′~109°44′ and N 23°54′~24°50′, Liuzhou Municipality is located in the center by northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, reposing on the area of middle reach of Liujiang river. To the southwest, Liuzhou is 255km away from Nanning, the capital city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The City is bordering upon Luzhai County in the east, Liujiang County in the southwest and Liucheng County in the north. Covering a total area of 658km2, the longest east – west transverse space is 32.5km, while the maximum north – south longitudinal distance is 40.5km.
(2) Geological Conditions and Relief
Liuzhou reposes on the center of Guangxi basin. As a whole, the northwest is highest; the northeast is higher and the center is lower and flat. The 3 sides of the City are embraced by the hilly land. In the north, it is the hills stretching long from north to south formed by the clastic rocks; in the northeast, it is the hilly landform with continuous rising and falling, while in the south, the karst landform with peak clusters, peak forests and lonely peaks is well developed.
Within the city, elevation of the peaks is generally less than 300m. The highest point is at Wenbishan Mountain in the west, the elevation is 419m. The relative height difference is generally 100~200m.
(3) Meteorology and Climate
Liuzhou Municipality in situated in the subtropical monsoon climate zone where the south direction wind is prevailing and the weather is hot, humid and rainy during the summer season, while north direction wind is dominant, the temperature is low and the weather is dry and rainless during the winter season. In other words, the summer is long and hot and the winter is short and mild; the rain is profusion and the sunlight is sufficient; the frost-free season is long, featuring early-come spring, long summer, late-come fall and short winter. The average annual evaporation capacity is 1419.5mm; the average annual precipitation is 1424.7mm, which is mainly concentrated in May ~ Sep., especially June ~ Aug where the precipitation accounts for more than 50% of the annual total; the rainfall in winter is less; the annual average temperature is 20.6℃, with 10.4oC in January and 29.0oC in July; in the history, the highest temperature was 39.2oC and the lowest temperature was -3.8oC; the frost-free season is 328 days; the annual average humidity is 76%; the annual prevailing wind direction is NNW, with the frequency of 13.5%; calm wind frequency is 42%; the average annual wind velocity is 1.6m/s.
(4) Hydro-Geology
a. Surface Water
Within Liuzhou Municipality, the main river is Liujiang River. Except for Wanihe River, the other streams are all the small tributaries of Liujiang River water system. Liujiang River is the only big river flowing through the evaluated area. The average flow of the driest month with 90% reliability is 163m3/s. the lower water period is Dec to Feb and the high water period is Jun –Aug. the highest water level was 92.43m measured by Liuzhou Hydrological Station on July 19, 1996, to which the corresponding maximum discharge was 33700m3/s; the mean annual run-off is 40.4billion m3; the mean discharge is 1280m3/s; the mean annual water temperature is 21.4°C; according to the suspended sediment load from 1955 ~ 1996 actually measured by Liuzhou Hydrological Station, the mean annual sediment load is 4.896 tons; the mean annual sand concentration is 0.12kg/m3; the mean annual sediment discharge rate is 155kg/s. Based on the above data, it can be seen that Liujiang River is an under loaded stream.
b. Ground water
Ground water in Liuzhou is classified into mainly two basic types: carbonate karst water and clastic rock crevice water.
c. Geology
Liuzhou city is situated in a sunken fracture fold belt of central Guangxi where the outcrops are Upper Devonian System, Carboniferous System, Permian System, Trias, Cretaceous system and Quaternary System, among which are mostly carbonate rocks, sand stones and loose rocks of Quaternary System are the second. The strata of Quaternary System are classified mainly into alluvium, settled layer, diluvium and eluvium.
(5) Animal and Plant Resources
Plant Resources: As the urban area of Liuzhou city is more urbanization, virescence tree varieties are as main vegetation. These arbor tree varieties are mainly Ficus virens, Ficus microfarad, Cinnamomum japonicum, Cassia, Bauhinia and Syzygium jambos etc; the shrubberies include Murraya exotica, Common Gendarussa Herb, Chinese Hibiscus, Jasminum nudiflorum and Michelia figo etc. On the hilly land in the suburbs, the Masson pine is the dominant tree and widely distributed. Under the Masson pine trees, the Dicranopteris linearis and Myrtle communities dominate the vegetation.
Animal Resources: Because the human activities are frequently carried out within the urban area and the land has been highly developed, the inhabitation environment for the wild animals has been damaged. Therefore, the large wild animals have vanished and there are only the snakes, frogs and birds. In the suburbs with higher forest coverage, some wild animals such as palm civets, foxes, field mouse, kraits and coral snakes etc. can still be found.
(6) Soil
On the valley belts of two banks along the Liujiang River, the soil is the mixture of sandy soil and oily sand. This soil, suitable for growing sugarcane and vegetables, is distributed in the deluvial gullies of low hills in Huangcun, Liudong and Yangjiaoshan Rural Townships; the terrain in northwest suburb is higher where it lacks water and is dry; the laterite parent material paddy soil is distributed in Shatang, Changtang, Bailu and Xi’e areas. These regions are suitable for producing sugarcane and vegetables; the soil in hillside in northeast is the laterite and suitable for developing forestry, animal husbandry and cash crops.
(7) Seismic Intensity
According to the Seismic Intensity Division Map of China issued by State Seismic Bureau in 1990, the basic seismic intensity in this area is 6 degree.
3.1.2 Profile of Social Environment
Liuzhou city realized GDP 90.06 billion Yuan in 2008, increasing by 13.2%; the gross industrial output was 175 billion Yuan, increasing by 25.9%; financial revenue was 14.01 billion Yuan, increasing by 20.4%; the total investment in fixed assets was 43.03 billion Yuan, increasing by 42.5%; the energy consumption for unit GDP decreased by 5%; the average per capita disposable income for urban residents reached 14,350 Yuan, increasing by 11.5%; the average per capita net income for farmers was 3,855 Yuan, increasing by 10.2%.
The carving stone in Zhutoutang Pond is a municipal level relic approved by Liuzhou Culture Bureau in 1996, refer to LMG Notification on Issuance of 2nd Batch of Culture Relic Units（LZF1996[66]）. 4 characters (天山万里) are carved on the stone, the length and with of each character are 1.2m, total length is 7m. The protection scope is outward extension distance of 20m from carving stone, and outward extension distance of 50m from construction control belt.
3.1.3 Profile of Environment Quality Monitoring
Guantang WWTP, Shatang WWTP, Liuzhou suburb drainage sub-project and Sludge treatment sub-project of Liuzhou WWTP are located in urban area and suburb area of Liuzhou. The current environment quality monitoring carried out during the processes of environmental assessment of the sub-projects is as in Table 3.1~3.4.
Table 3.1 Environment Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Results at Guantang WWTP
|Environment |Item | Description |
|Elements | | |
|Ambient Air |Date |Early July 2007 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou EMS |
| |Monitoring |Boundary of WWTP |
| |Points | |
| |Monitored |Odor Concentration, Ammonia, Sulfureted Hydrogen |
| |Factors | |
| |Enforced |Standard Class II, GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient Air Quality |
| |Standards | |
| |Analysis Methods|Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gases (4th version) issued by State Environmental Protection |
| | |Bureau |
| |Monitoring |In this area, the average daily SO2 concentration is raging 0.048~0.102 mg/m3; the average daily NO2|
| |Results |concentration is ranging 0.019~0.046 mg/m3; the TSP concentration is raging 0.130~ 0.161mg/m3. All |
| | |monitored factors are up to Class II of the amended GB3095-1996 the Standard of Ambient Air Quality |
| | |and its modifying notification. The proposed WWTP site is currently the farmland where it has little|
| | |offensive odor resources. Based on the odor gas classification, no odor is smelled at the site. The |
| | |odor concentration at the site is less than 10 and the concentrations of sulfureted hydrogen and |
| | |ammonia are all lower than the detection limit. |
|Surface Water |Date |Early July 2007 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou EMS |
| |Monitored |500m upstream from the mouth for Jiaoyonggou Gully to empty into Liujiang River and 1km downstream |
| |Sections |from the mouth for Jiaoyonggou gully to empty into the Liujiang River and around the mouth for |
| | |Jiaoyonggou Gully to empty into Liujiang River. |
| |Monitored |CODMn, COD, NH3-N, SS and TN. |
| |Factors | |
| |Enforced |Category III of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment; as the standard does not |
| |Standards |include the limit for suspended particles, reference is made to SL63-94 Quality Standard for Surface|
| | |Water Resources. |
| |Analysis Methods|The concerned provisions specified in Technical Specification for Environmental Monitoring and |
| | |Analysis Methods for Water and Wastewater (4th version) issued by the State Environmental Protection|
| | |Bureau. |
| |Monitoring |The quality of all the monitored factors in the monitored sections of Liujiang River and Jiaoyonggou|
| |Results |Gully for evaluation meets the requirements of category III of GB3535-2002 Standard of Environment |
| | |Quality of Surface Water. |
|Noise Environment | |There are not many vehicles traveling through the Guantang district; the regional daily |
| | |environmental noise value is 42~45dB(A) , while the regional night noise value is 46~49dB(A). The |
| | |Noise Environment is sound and meets the requirements of category II of GB3096-93 Standard of |
| | |Environmental Noise of Urban Area. |
|Environment | |As the Guantang district is still under development, there is a large area of sugarcane in this |
| | |district, and trees and shrubs grow thickly in clusters on the hills along the riverbanks of |
| | |Liujiang River. Along the Jiaoyonggou Gully, the two sides are occupied by the farmland and |
| | |highland. |
Table 3.2 Environment Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Results at Shatang WWTP
|Environment |Item |Description |
|Elements | | |
|Ambient Air |Date |March 2009 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou Environment Monitoring Station |
| |Monitoring |Yangliu Village, Sanhe Village, Gangdu Steel Pipe Co., Ltd |
| |Points | |
| |Monitored |SO2, NO2, TSP and NH3 |
| |Factors | |
| |Enforced |Standard Class II, GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient Air Quality |
| |Standards | |
| |Analysis Methods|Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gases (4th version) issued by State Environmental Protection |
| | |Bureau |
| |Monitoring |The SO2 and NO2 concentrations at the monitored points all conform to the standard class II of |
| |Results |Standard of Ambient Air Quality; the TSP concentration exceeds the limit; the NH3 concentration |
| | |meets the requirements of standard for residential quarters specified in TJ36-79 Sanitary Standard |
| | |of Design for Industrial Enterprises; the H2S concentration exceeds the limit. |
|Surface Water |Date |Dec. 2008 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou EMS |
| |Monitoring |Some 3000m up stream the mouth for Xianglanhe River to empty into Liujiang River; Some 400m up |
| |Sections |stream the mouth for Xianglanhe River to empty into Liujiang River; Some 1600m downstream the mouth |
| | |for Xianglanhe River to empty into Liujiang River. |
| |Monitored |CODMn, COD, NH3-N, TSP, Petroleum |
| |Factors | |
| |Enforced |Category III of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment; as the standard does not |
| |Standards |include the limit for suspended particles, reference is made to SL63-94 Quality Standard for Surface|
| | |Water Resources. |
| |Analysis Methods|The concerned provisions specified in Technical Specification for Environmental Monitoring and |
| | |Analysis for Water and Wastewater (4th version) issued by the State Environmental Protection Bureau.|
| |Monitoring |The quality of all the monitored factors in the monitored sections for evaluation meets the |
| |Results |requirements of category III of GB3535-2002 Standard of Environment Quality of Surface Water. |
|Noise Environment | |The regional daily environmental noise value is 50~52.1dB(A) , while the regional night noise value |
| | |is 46~49dB(A). The Noise Environment is sound and meets the requirements of category II of GB3096-93|
| | |Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area. |
|Environment | |The areas under evaluation are the southeast outer part of the Shatang Township where the most of |
| | |the areas are rural areas and mountain areas, the population density is thin and the infrastructure |
| | |facilities are incomplete. |
Table 3.3 Environment Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Results
of Sludge Management Sub-project
|Environment |Item |
|Elements | |
|Ambient Air |The Pi values of average daily concentrations of SO2, NO2, TSP and fluoride are all smaller than 1; the PM10 |
| |exceeds the limit, with the over limit ratio of 16.6% and maximum over limit multiple is 0.6 times. |
|Surface Water |Monitored Sections |Section 1＃: 500m upstream the drain outlet of Xinxu Jiang River |
| | |Section 2＃: 500m downstream the drain outlet of Xinxu Jiang River |
| |Evaluated Factors |PH value, SS, DO, COD5, CODMn, NH3 –N petroleum and surface active agent of anion. |
| |Evaluation Results |No indexes are exceeding the limits. The quality of the surface water at the areas for |
| | |evaluation meets the category II of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water |
| | |Environment. |
|Noise Environment |The day and night noise values at the monitored points of project boundary meet the limits specified in |
| |category III of GB12348-2008 Standard of Noise Emission at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises. The day and |
| |night noise values at environment Sensitive Receptors surrounding the project site also meet the limits |
| |specified in the category II of GB3096-2008 Standard of Quality of Noise Environment. |
|Environment |The project is located within Yufeng Cement Plant. Around the Plant, it is mainly farmland and rock mountains. |
| |Because it is frequently interfered by the traffic and influenced by human activities, there have been no large|
| |wild animals existing. The commonly seen wild animals are mainly snakes, rat and insects. |
Table 3.4 Current Environment Quality Evaluation Results at Liuzhou Urban-suburb Drainage Sub-project
|Environment |Item |
|Elements | |
|Ambient Air |The value of average daily concentrations of SO2 is ranging 0.014~0.090mg/m3; the value of average daily |
| |concentrations of NO2 is ranging 0.010~0.038mg/m3, the value of average daily concentrations of TSP is ranging|
| |0.120~0.350mg/m3; the PM10 exceeds the limit, with the over limit ratio of 16.6% and maximum over limit |
| |multiple is 0.6 times 0.120~0.350mg/m3. These values basically meet the class II of GB3095-1996 Standard of |
| |Quality of Ambient Air. TSP slightly exceeds the limit due the influence from the dust caused by the traffic. |
|Surface Water |The monitoring values of routine monitored section of Liuzhou show that such monitored factors at Shabaotan |
| |section (upstream the Yanghe WWTP), welfare house section (upstream) the Longquanshan WWTP, Hedong bridge |
| |(downstream the Baisha WWTP) as PH value, CODMn, BOD5, NH3-N, TN, volatile miasma, cyanide petroleum and all |
| |meet the standard of water category III during low, high and normal water periods. |
|Noise Environment |The noises generated from the social life, production process of factories and the traffic activities are the |
| |regional noise sources. Because the current traffic volume is high and the number of traveling heavy duty |
| |vehicles is big, the noise is mainly generated from the traffic activities. According to the on-the-spot |
| |monitoring, except that the road noise exceeds the limit, the day and night noise values at the other ranges of|
| |the area meet the requirement of category II specified in GB3096-2008 Standard of Quality of Noise Environment.|
|Environment |The areas under evaluation are the juncture belt between urban and rural regions where the most areas are |
| |farmland and vegetable fields. The regional population density is not thick and the infrastructure facilities |
| |are incomplete. Lack of entertainment and recreation facilities, the urban functions is incomplete. |
3.1.4 Main Environmental Protection Targets
The main environment Sensitive Receptors within the evaluation areas of the Sub-projects located in urban and suburb areas of Liuzhou refer to Table 3.5~3.8 below:
Table 3.5 Sensitive Receptors around Guantang WWTP
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Location to Site |Distance to Site (m) |Population (Person) |
|1 |Planned Residential Quarter |Northwest |/ |Unknown |
|2 |Nanzhaicun Village |North |200 |200 |
|3 |Gaohuangcun Village |South |800 |360 |
|4 |Xinmentun village |South |1000 |90 |
|5 |Gaoyangcun Village |Southeast |600 |450 |
|6 |Huangnicun Village |Southeast |800 |110 |
|7 |Xincun Village |Southeast |1000 |200 |
Table 3.6 Sensitive Receptors around Sludge Management Site
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Location |Distance |Features of Environment |Population |
| | |to Site |to Site (m) | |(Person) |
|1 |Shangdengcun Village |South |930 |Plain. Fruit trees, rice and dry land crops are |1300 |
| | | | |located around the Village. | |
|2 |Heweicun Village |South |1200 |Plain. Fruit trees, rice and dry land crops are |1100 |
| | | | |located around the Village. | |
|3 |Shangchencun Village |South |1700 |Plain. Fruit trees, rice and dry land crops are |1300 |
| | | | |located around the Village. | |
|4 |Jieshancun Village |South |1790 |Plain. Fruit trees, rice and dry land crops are |600 |
| | | | |located around the Village. | |
|5 |Shanwancun Village |South |1800 |Plain. Fruit trees, rice and dry land crops are |2900 |
| | | | |located around the Village. | |
|6 |Residency Quarter of |East |700 |The terrain is flat, on which the houses are usually|2000 |
| |Plant | | |5~7-storey buildings. | |
|7 |Taiyangcun Township |Southeast |700～2500 |The terrain is flat. This is a rural township and |5000 |
| | | | |the location of township government where the houses| |
| | | | |are usually 3~4-storey buildings. Farmland, fruit | |
| | | | |trees, rice and dry land crops are located around | |
| | | | |the town. | |
|8 |Cunwei Village |Southeast |2500 |The terrain is flat. The farmland, on which dry land|800 |
| | | | |crops and rice are grown, is located around the | |
| | | | |Village. | |
Table 3.7 Sensitive Receptors around Shatang WWTP
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Location to Site |Distance to Site (m) |Population (Person) |
|1 |Yangliu Village |North to WWTP |240 |Around 2000 |
|2 |Xinlongxiang, Shatang township |Northeast to 1# Pump Station |80 |Around 25 |
|3 |Liuzhou Farming Technology Research |North to 1# Pump Station |200 |Around 60 |
| |Institute | | | |
|4 |Jiangwancun Village |Northwest to 1# Pump Station |100 |Around 360 |
|5 |Xinlongtun, Sanhecun Village |South to 1# Pump Station |100 |Around 520 |
|6 |Shatang township (including school) |Along sewage pipeline |/ |Around 8000 |
Table 3.8 Sensitive Receptors around Liuzhou Urban-suburb drainage sub-project
|NO. |WWTP |Network |Sensitive Receptors |
|1 |Baisha WWTP Network|Huilonggou Combined Sewer |Nil |
| | |Upstream Section of North Branch of Hexi Trunk |Liuzhou No.1 Vocational School |
| | |Canal | |
|2 |Longquanshan WWTP |Upstream Section of Zhu’erxi rehabilitation |Nil |
| |Network | | |
| | |Upstream section of Combined Sewer Trunk at Base 2|Liuzhou Prefecture Vestibule School, Liuzhou Motor Vehicle|
| | |of Liuzhou Automobile Co. |School, Liuzhou Liuyong High School |
| | |Combined Sewer Truck Outlet Section of |Nil |
| | |Refrigerator Plant | |
| | |Sewage Interception Project along River at Shuinan|Nil |
| | |Rd. | |
| | |Upstream Section of Liushi Combined Sewer Trunk |Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital, Liuzhou No.1 Middle School |
| | |Canal | |
| | |Sewage Interception Project along River from |Nil |
| | |Lianhua Trunk Canal to Longquanshan WWTP | |
| | |Motan Combined Sewer |Nil |
| | |Drainage Project of Taohua Southwest Region |Nil |
| | |Upstream Section of Lianhua Trunk Canal |Guangxi Business School |
|3 |Yanghe WWTP Network|Jianpan Combined Trunk Canal |Liuzhou Ethnic Senior High School |
| | |Futoushan Combined Canal |Nil |
| | |Guting Pump Station & Sewage Trunk pipeline |Nil |
| | |Yanghe Sewage Network |Nil |
| | |Northeast Region of Hedong Rd. |Nil |
| | |Region East to Donghuan Rd. |Guangxi Engineering College, Liuzhou No.16 Middle School, |
| | | |Liuzhou People’s Hospital |
| | |East Region, South Section of Liushi Rd. |Liuzhou Medical College |
|4 |Labao WWTP Network |Sewage Interception Project for Jiuquhe River |Nil |
Around the proposed Sub-project sites, the areas will not involve such Sensitive Receptors as special protection zones, eco-sensitive zones, natural habitats, material and cultural resources, international water ways and dams.
3.2 Liucheng county
3.2.1 Profile of Natural Environment
(1) Geographical Location
Liucheng County is located in the center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Reposing on the east and west riverbanks of Rongjiang River, Liucheng County borders upon suburb of Liuzhou Municipality and Liujiang County in the south, Luocheng County and Yizhou Municipality in the west, Rong’an County, Rongshui County in the north and Luzhai County in the east. As the local political and economic center, the County is under the jurisdiction of Liuzhou Municipality. Dapu Township, the county seat is situated in the center within the boundary of the County where it is 46km to Liuzhou Municipality. The County terrain covers an area of 2123.7km2.
Liucheng WWTP is located at the south of the county town, 200m upstream Dapu Hydropower Station.
(2) Geology and Relief
Dapu Township, Liucheng county is situated in the north of central Guangxi basin where the karst and low hills are the main landform and dominants the regional terrain. Along the two riverbanks of Rongjiang River, the alluvial terraces are commonly seen. The north of the region belongs to the depressions of karst peak cluster, while the south of the region is classified into the erosion terrain with alluvial terraces.
According to the concerned provisions specified in GB18306-2001 the Division Map of China Seismic Ground Motion Parameters and GB50011-2001Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, the seismic fortification intensity is 6 degrees and the basic seismic acceleration value is 0.05g.
(3) Meteorology and Climate
Liucheng county is Situated in the subtropical monsoon climate zone where it is hot in summer season and cold in winter season; the mean annual precipitation is 1244.2mm; mean annual temperature is 20.2oC; the prevailing wind direction in summer is southeast by east, with the mean wind velocity of 1.6m/s, while the prevailing wind direction in winter is northwest by west, with the mean wind velocity of 1.3m/s; the annual prevailing wind direction is southeast by east, with mean annual wind velocity of 1.03m/s.
(4) Hydro-Geological Conditions
Liucheng county is rich in water resources. Rongjiang river, the main surface runoff, is upstream section of Liujiang River, which is the class I tributary of Xijiang River of Pearl River basin. The main upstream section of Rongjiang River is called Liujiang River. The River originates from Gengdingshan Mountain in Dushan Mountain of Guizhou Province and flows from northwest to southeast across Sandu, Rongjiang and Jianghou of Guizhou Province and enters Sanjiang county of Guangxi from Jianghou. In Laobaokou of Sanjiang county the River is called rongjiang river after joining with Guyihe River. Rongjiang River then, turning south, flows across Rong’an and Rongshui to enter Liucheng county. The total length of the River is 70km; the basin area is 26752km2; the annual runoff is 25.61 billion m3. is Fengshan Township, the River combines with Longjiang River and is called Liujiang.
The maximum water level in Liucheng section of Rongjiang is 100.94m; the maximum discharge is 30400m3/s; occurring on July 19, 1996, the flood inundated 3.31km2 of urban area, accounting for 53.3% of the total area of the county.
Except for the flood season, the water is clear and contains very little sand; average annual discharge is 812.1m3/s; wet /dry season is obvious. The runoff volume is unevenly distributed throughout a year. Generally, wet season is from Apr to Sep., runoff volume accounting for 80.5% of a year; dry season is from Dec. to Feb. of the next year. The water level is usually 20~30m lower than the ground level. The river section for evaluation flows from north to south across Dapu Township of Liucheng county. The effluent of the project is in 150m downstream of Dapu Hydropower Station. Dapu Hydropower Station has been put into operation. The normal storage water level is 92m; the dead water level is 91m, to which the corresponding storage capacity is 213.6 million m3; the total storage capacity is 578 million m3.Dapu Hydropower Station is an incomplete daily regulating hydropower station. The minimum dropping discharge is 97m3/s. During the flood season, the sluice is open to discharge the flood water. the natural river course is basically maintained. The ground water within the evaluation area is rich and deeply buried with good quality.
The entrance of effluent to river of the project is 150m downstream to the dam of Dapu hydropower station. Downstream surface water of the entrance is used for shipping, receiving wastewater and sightseeing.
3.2.1 Profile of Social Environment
Liucheng County is located in central Guangxi, north to Liuzhou. Under the jurisdiction of Liuzhou city, it is only 50km to Liuzhou. Liucheng is rich in agricultural products and by-products such as sugarcane, rice, silk, tea, orange and Dioscorea alata, of which sugar produced from sugarcane is the pillar industry of the county, from which the financial revenue accounts for almost 70% of the total. The main industries include sugar, silk, cement, zinc and electricity industries. The total population is 400,000, consisted of 27 ethnic groups. Among the ethnic groups, Zhuang and Han are dominant, of which Zhuang accounts for 51% of the total, and Han accounts for 46% of the total.
The natural resources are abundant in Liucheng. The forest covers 37,600 hm2, of which the Masson pine area reaches 19,700 hm2. In Dapu Township, the area of farmland is 1797hm2, of which the area of paddy field is 853hm2, while the area of dry farmland is 944hm2.
Dapu Township where the project site is located, is one of the key towns in Guangxi. Altogether, 9 administrative villages (zhonghui, Zhengdian, Jingxi, Liuxiu, nancun, Liming Mutong and Luogu) and 2 communities (Chengnan and Chengbei) are under its jurisdiction. The total population is 43,800, of which the rural population is 23,300. the urban area of the Township is the political, economic and traffic center of the county. All 9 villages under its jurisdiction are accessible by highways. There are a total of 707 township and private-run enterprises and individual business operation trade, catering, building material, textile, traffic, chemicals and sugar industries.
The agriculture in Dapu is dominated by sugarcane, rice and fruit farming.
3.2.3 Profile of Environment Quality Monitoring
The monitoring and evaluation results of environment quality at the area where Liucheng WWTP is located, refer to Table 3.9 below:
Table 3.9 Environment Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Results of Liucheng a
|Environment Element|Item |description |
|Ambient Air |Date |Feb. 2007 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liucheng EMS |
| |Monitoring Point |Liucheng Weather Bureau |
| |Monitored Factor |TSP, SO2, NO2 |
| |Enforced Standard |Standard class II, GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient Air Quality |
| |Analysis Method |Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gases (4th version) issued by State Environmental Protection |
| | |Bureau |
| |Monitoring Results |All monitored factors meet the requirements of class II specified in GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient|
| | |Air Quality and its modifying notification. |
|Surface Water |Date |Nov. 2007 and March 2008 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liucheng EMS |
| |Monitored Section |1# section is some 100m upstream the intake of water works; 2# section is some 800m upstream the |
| | |mouth for project effluent to empty into river. |
| |Monitored Factor |CODMn, COD, N-NH3 TP |
| |Enforced Standard |Category II of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment is enforced for monitoring |
| | |upstream intake of Liucheng Water Works, while Category III of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of |
| | |Surface Water Environment is enforced for monitoring Niutoutan section. As the standard does not |
| | |include the limit for suspended particles, reference is made to SL63-94 Quality Standard for Surface|
| | |Water Resources. |
| |Analysis Method |The concerned provisions specified in Code of Environment Monitoring Technology and Technical |
| | |Specification for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Methods for Water and Wastewater (4th |
| | |version) issued by the State Environmental Protection Bureau |
| |Monitoring Results |The monitored factors in the monitored 1# section of Rongjiang River during the monitoring meet the |
| | |requirements of class II specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment; the|
| | |monitored factors in the monitored 2# section of Rongjiang River during the monitoring meet the |
| | |requirements of class III specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. |
3.2.4 Main Environmental Protection Targets
The main environmental protection targets refer to Table 3.10 below:
Table 3.10 Main environment Sensitive Receptors around Liucheng WWTP
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Direction |Distance (m) |Population |
| | | | |(Person) |
|1 |Office, Dapu Hydropower Station |Opposite riverbank of WWTP |400 |50 |
|2 |Residential Quarter |West to 1# Sewage Pump Station |60 |45 |
|3 |Liucheng Secondary Vocational School |East to 1# Sewage Pump Station |100 |1000 |
|4 |Dapu No.1 Primary School |Northeast to 3# Sewage Pump Station |60 |1200 |
|5 |Pupil’s Dormitory of Dapu No.1 Primary School|Northwest to 3# Sewage Pump Station |60 |200 |
Around the proposed Sub-project sites, the areas will not involve such Sensitive Receptors as special protection zones, eco-sensitive zones, natural habitats, material and cultural resources, international water ways and dams.
3.2.5 The Major Industrial Pollution Sources within County’s Boundary
Within Liucheng territory where the project is located, the major industrial pollution sources refer to Table 3.11 below:
Table 3.11 Enterprises Discharging Industrial Pollutants within Liucheng
|NO. |Enterprise Name |Production Description|Inside or |Ways of Water |Daily Water|Daily |Standardized|
| | | |Outside |Supply |Consumption|wastewater |discharge? |
| | | |Project Area* | |(m3/d) |discharge | |
| | | | | | |(m3/d) | |
|1 |Guangxi Ritian Pharmaceutical Group |Medicine Manufacture |Inside |Tap Water |2800 |2240 |Yes |
| |Co., Ltd | | | | | | |
|2 |Guangxi Shengte Pharmaceutical Co., |Medicine Manufacture |Inside |Tap Water |1500 |1200 |Yes |
| |Ltd | | | | | | |
|3 |Guangxi Ritian Silk Co., Ltd |Silk Reeling |Inside |Tap Water |2200 |1760 |Yes |
|4 |Liucheng Sugar Mill, Guangxi Fengtang|Alcohol Distilling and|Inside |Self-supplied |7500 |5000 |Yes |
| |Biochemistry Co., Ltd |Sugar Making | | | | | |
|5 |Guangxi Liucheng Pengxinyuan Silk |Silk Reeling |Outside |Self-supplied |1100 |880 |Yes |
| |Co., Ltd | | | | | | |
|6 |Liucheng Hongyi Silk co., Ltd of |Silk Reeling |Outside |Self-supplied |500 |400 |Yes |
| |Liuzhou City | | | | | | |
|7 |Liucheng Cement Plant |Cement Manufacture |Outside |Self-supplied |200 |120 |Yes |
|8 |Liutang Sugar Company |Sugar Making |Outside |Self-supplied |7800 |6200 |Yes |
|*Project area refers to the center area of the county town of the county where the project financed by WB. |
3.3 Rongshui County
3.3.1 Profile of Natural Environment
(1) Geographic Location
Rongshui county is located in the northwest Guangxi, north to Liuzhou city and borders on Rong’an county in the east, Liucheng county in the south Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County in the southwest, Congjiang County of Guizhou Province in the north and Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County in northeast. Geographically, it is between E 108°32′-109°27′ and N 24°47′-25°42′. The people’s government of the county is in Rongshui Town, where it is 118km to Liuzhou and 380km (highway) to Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
Rongshui county is situated in the northeast Guangxi, the southeast edge of Yun-Gui Plateau and the north edge of Guangxi basin, right in the transition belt between 2nd and 3rd steps of China’s staircase topography. Highland dominates the landform of the county where the center is high and the surrounding area is low. The south is the lowest and the central-west region is the medium high upland area. There are 57 peaks with altitude above 1500m, among which Motianling’s altitude is 1938m and Yuanbaoshang is 2081m. Southeast and northeast are the low upland and hilly areas dotted with small plots of river valley and peak cluster plains. The south end is the karst hills where the relief is gentler. The county covers a total area of 4663.8km2, of which the hills and terraces account for 7.34%, plains 5.37% and upland 85.47%.
According to GB18306-2001 the Division Map of China Seismic Ground Motion Parameters, the seismic fortification intensity in Rongshui is 6 degrees.
(3) Meteorologic Conditions
The region belongs to typical subtropical monsoon climate where the rainfall is abundant, the 4 seasons are clearly and the temperature difference is relatively big. The annual prevailing wind direction is northeast, annual mean wind velocity is 2.2m/s.
(4) Hydro-Geological Conditions
The rivers within Rongshui territory belong to the Pearl River water system. The rivers flowing across the county town include Rongjiang River, Beijiang River (It runs into Rongjiang River 7.5km upstream from the county town), Danjiang River, Baizhujiang River, and Gouduleng River. By actual measuring, the highest water level of Rongjiang is 117.48m; lowest water level is 94m; the maximum discharge is 26800m3/s; the minimum discharge is 43m3/s, the average discharge is 91.3m3/s. Danjiang River is flowing through the southeast area of the county and runs into Rongjiang River in the county town. The main section of Danjiang River is 18.8km long with the catchments area of 58.4km2 and mean discharge of 12.4 m3/s. The flood water level of Rongjiang River in 20-year return period: Pearl River water level 113.2m; the flood water level of Rongjiang River in 10-year return period: Pearl river water level 111.6m. Guding hydropower station project on Rongjiang River is located 18km downstream from the county town next to the oil press of Guding Villager Committee, Guding Township. This is an integrated project taking the power generation as main function and navigation as supplement. The normal storage capacity of the reservoir is 102m; the dead water level is 101.5m; effective storage capacity is 4.40 million m3; storage capacity is 64.75 million m3; installation capacity is 4x20MW; discharge capacity of single unit is 308.9m3/s. it is a low water head, medium sized radial-flow type hydropower station.
Baizhujiang River is at the southeast of the county’s territory and runs into Rongjiang in county town. The main course of Baizhujiang River is 16.9km-long, with the basin area of 57km2 and average discharge of 2.3m3/s. Within Rongshui county, the ground water is distributed mainly outside the county town. Anlingtan, 3.5km south to the county town, is the biggest underground spring with the flow rate of 45.46L/s.
3.3.2 Profile of Social Environment
The administrative region land area of Rongshui covers 4624km2, with 4 townships, 16 rural townships and 205 villages (community committees) under its jurisdiction. At the end of 2007, the population was 482.900, of which the rural population was 427,600. Consisted of Miao, Yao, Dong and Zhuang, the population of ethnic groups was 354,100, of which the Miao was 197,000, accounting for 40.81% of the total. The farmland area is 31,500 hm2; the effective irrigation area of farmland is hm2; the grain sowing area is 25,700hm2; the cash crop growing area is 11,800hm2; the total power of farm machinery is 99,800 kW; the forest area is 338,000hm2, with the forest coverage of 75.8%; the kilometrage of graded highway is 526.16km.
According to the statistic data, in 2007, the county realized the regional GDP of 2.413 billion Yuan, increasing by 24.2%; the ratio of three industries was 29.0 : 32.8 : 38.2; for the first time, the proportion of secondary industry exceeded that of the primary industry; the total investment made on fixed assets was 10.2 billion Yuan, increasing by 52.14%; the financial revenue was 184 million Yuan, increasing by 25.68%; the average per capita disposable income of urban residents was 10,360 Yuan, increasing by 25.0%; the average per capita net income for rural residents was 2,284 Yuan, increasing by 165.59%; at the year end, the urban and rural saving balance was 1.554 billion Yuan, an increase of 276 million Yuan compared to that at the beginning of the year and an increase of 17.74%.
3.3.3 Profile of Environment Quality Monitoring
The regional environment monitoring and evaluation results for the area where the WWTP of Rongshui County is located refers to Table 3.12 below:
Table 3.12 Environment quality monitoring and evaluation results of Rongshui
|Environment Element|Item |Description |
|Ambient Air |Date |Aug. 13~17, 2007 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou EMS |
| |Monitoring Point |Rongshui Environmental Protection Bureau, People’s Bank Rongshui Branch, Rongshui Training |
| | |Center of People’s |
| |Monitored Factor |SO2, TSP, N2O |
| |Enforced Standard |Standard class II, GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient Air Quality |
| |Analysis Method |Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gases (4th version) issued by State Environmental |
| | |Protection Bureau |
| |Monitoring Results |The daily concentrations of TSP, SO2 and NO2 meet the requirements of class II specified in |
| | |GB3095-1996 Standard of Ambient Air quality and its modifying notification. |
|Surface Water |Date |June 24~26, 2007 |
| |Monitoring Unit |Liuzhou EMS |
| |Monitoring Section |Section at Rongshui Water Works, Section at Xiaocun, Section at Liwu |
| |Monitored Factor |pH value, CODMn, COD, BOD, NH3-N, TN, TS, petroleum, volatile phenol, sulfide and Cr-VI etc |
| |Enforced Standard |Category III of GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment |
| |Analysis Method |The concerned provisions specified in Code of Environment Monitoring Technology and |
| | |Technical Specification for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Methods for Water and |
| | |Wastewater (4th version) issued by the State Environmental Protection Bureau |
| |Monitoring Results |The monitored water quality factors at all monitored sections are smaller than 1. This |
| | |indicates that the water quality at the monitored sections during the monitoring period |
| | |complies with the standard of category III specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of |
| | |Surface Water Environment. |
3.3.4 Main Environmental Protection Targets
The main environmental protection targets refer to Table 3.13 and 3.14 below:
Table 3.13 Sensitive Receptors around Rongshui WWTP
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Location to WWTP |Distance to site |Features |
| | | |(m) | |
|1 |Sujiacun Village |West by north |400 |Population: 132 with tap water |
|2 |Aitoutun village |northeast |400 |Population: 560 with tap water |
|3 |Lingping |southwest |1000 |Population: 300 with tap water |
|4 |Dalicun Village |West |500 |Population: 460 with tap water |
|5 |Xiaocun Village |West |1000 |Population: 780 with tap water |
|6 |Zhongmacun Village |East |1500 |Population: 870 with tap water |
Table 3.14 Sensitive Receptors around Rongshui Pump Station
|NO. |Sensitive Receptors |Direction |Distance (m) |Function |
|1 |Jiangbin garden |West to 1# Pump Station |50 |Residential area |
|2 |Residents of Rongshui Township |South to 2# Pump Station |180 |Residential area |
Around the proposed Sub-project sites, the areas will not involve such Sensitive Receptors as special protection zones, eco-sensitive zones, natural habitats, material and cultural resources, international water ways and dams.
3.3.5 Main Industrial Pollution Sources within County’s Boundary
Main industrial pollution sources within project area of the county town where WWTP site is located refer to Table 3.15 below:
Table 3.15 Enterprises Discharging Industrial Pollutants within Rongshui County
|NO. |Enterprise Name |Production |Inside or Outside |Ways of Water |Daily Water |Daily |Standardized |
| | |Description |Project Area* |Supply |Consumption |wastewater |discharge? |
| | | | | |(m3/d) |discharge | |
| | | | | | |(m3/d) | |
|1 |Rongshui Juyu Long Cocoon |Silk |Inside |Tap Water |500 |400 |Yes |
| |Silk Co., Ltd |Reeling | | | | | |
|3 |Ruishui Menxin Resin Co., Ltd|Rosin & |Inside |Tap Water |400 |320 |Yes |
| | |Resin | | | | | |
|4 |Ruishui Hengtai Slaughter |Meat |Inside |Tap Water |800 |640 |Yes |
| |House | | | | | | |
|5 |Rongshuji Beijiang Cement |Cement |Inside |Self-supplied |300 |240 |Yes |
| |Plant | | | | | | |
|6 |Rongshui Wanjia Timber Co., |Timber |Inside |Self-supplied |2000 |1600 |Yes |
| |Ltd | | | | | | |
|7 |Guangxi Fengtan g Ruishui |White |Outside |Self-supplied |30000 |9066 |Yes |
| |Hemu Sugar Co., Ltd |Sugar | | | | | |
|*Project area refers to the center area of the county town where the project financed by WB. |
3.4 Rong’an county
3.4.1 Profile of Natural Environment
(1) Geographical Location
It is between N 24°46′~25°34′ and E 109°13′～109°47′, Rong’an county is located in north Guangxi where it connects Hunan and Guizhou Provinces up north and is 110km and 140km respectively to Liuzhou and Guilin.
(2) Terrain and Relief
Geologically, Rong’an belongs to east spine of Guangxi’s epsilon type structural system. The main structural feature appears as NE – NNE strike fold and fracture. The site is located in the low hill area formed by clastic rocks and argillaceous rocks of Sinian System and Cambrian System. The structure is well developed and the strata are folded strongly.
The relief in Rong’an is classified into steep hillside land of middle and low upland, gentle hillside land of low upland, karst peak cluster land and alluvial plain etc.
According to the 1 : 3 million regional map published by State Seismic Bureau in 1990, the county is situated in the area where the basic seismic intensity 85%; COD > 75%; SS>92%; NH3-N>70%; TN>50%; TP>75%. The pollutants load reduction is positive to improve the local surface water body environment and the environment benefit is remarkable.
ii. Impact of Drained Effluent of WWTP on Water Environment
to analyze the impact of the effluent drained by WWTP on water environment, based on the features of receiving rivers section, the mathematical model recommended in the Environmental Protection industrial standard HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guideline for Environmental impact assessment (Surface Water Environment) is used to estimate the impacts of effluent drained by WWTP complying with discharge standards and untreated effluent directly drained.
(i) Estimated Impact of Sanjiang WWTP on Water Environment
The effluent outfall is designed to locate in the north tributary of Dazhou section of Xunjiang River where it flows a distance of about 500m to join with south tributary and turns towards west. As the designed outfall is located in the tributary, the flow is small. Analysis carried out based on map and field survey indicates that the angle of the confluence where two flows join together is about 180o, implying the two flows is in head-on state, if the south flow is big with higher velocity, it may inbursts to the north tributary to depress the water flow in north tributary. The effluent complies with the discharge standards after treated by the wastewater treatment facility has little contribution to the pollutants concentration in the assessed river section. In considering the river background concentration, the water quality in Xunjiang River section to accept the effluent still conforms to the discharge standards indicates that if WWTP is under normal operation and effluent complies with the discharge standards, it impacts less to the water quality of the assessed river section; if the emergency discharge happens, the flow from south tributary might inburst to the north tributary or butts the north flow to depress the north flow, so that the effluent drained from WWTP may lodge in the north tributary to worsen the water quality in some river section by darkening and stinking the water body.
In the environmental impact assessment for Sanjiang Component, it suggests to relocate the effluent outfall to the downstream of confluence. In such case, if the effluent discharges normally, the environment impact after outfall adjustment will not cause big difference compared to the designed outfall. But the impact caused by the emergency discharge will cause less impact than that in the design proposal. If the emergency discharge occurs, the quality of the river water of north tributary will become worse due to the impeded flow.
After comprehensive consideration, this report relocates the effluent outfall to the downstream of confluence of the south and north tributaries.
(ii) Estimated Impact of Rong’an WWTP on Water Environment
The river section to receive and assimilate the discharge is the county town downstream section of Rongjiang River where the water environment function is classified as the integrated function water area. There is no collective water intake point 10km downstream from WWTP section.
If the effluent after treatment complies with the discharge standards, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N have little contribution to the concentration in the assessed section of Rongjiang River. After dilution and diffusion in Rongjiang River, the contribution values of CODcr, BOD5, and NH3-N can conform to the Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. Because the water quality in the assessed section of Rongjiang River is good, after the wastewater drained from the project has superimposed the background concentration of the water upstream, the component values of CODcr, BOD5 and NH3-N can all reach Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. This indicates that the effluent discharge causes little influence on the water quality of the downstream section if the wastewater treatment facility is under normal operation and the effluent complies with the discharge standard.
Upon the completion and operation of the project, most the sewage in Rong’an county town are collected and treated. This will greatly reduce the mass pollutant discharge and play a positive role in improving water quality of downstream river section of Rongjiang River in Rong’an county. Besides, as the effluent outfall is far from (about 11km) the intake point of Fushi Township in downstream section, the influence on the water quality of Fushi intake is less.
Because the evaluated river section is within the reservoir range of Fushi Hydropower Station which is a runoff flow hydropower station, when the station regulates the storage, it might dam up the water stage causing the backwater to butt the water flow from the upstream which, plus the local backwash and diffusion action, the plug-flow action of the water body will become reduced, so that the sewage might diffuse upstream along the river course when the station is storing water. It is believed in this report that a distance of 500m is the minimum safe distance to prevent the drained wastewater of the project from circumfluence. The effluent outfall of the project is about 800m away from Hedong water works of Rong’an County. The distance is long than the minimum safe distance. Besides, the discharge volume is as small as 0.347m3/s. Therefore, the possibility of the effluent to cause pollution at the intake point of Hedong water works is small if Fushi hydropower station stores the water as per designed water level. The emergency measures should be established after consulting with water conservancy organs to release water in timely manner from reservoir in case of emergency discharge.
(iii) Estimated Impact of Rongshui WTTP on Water Environment
The intake point of the water works in Rong’an county town is 4.0km upstream the effluent outfall of the project and the river section to accept and assimilate the wastewater is the downstream section of Rongjiang river in Rongshui county town where water environment type is classified as the integrated water function area. There is no collective intake point for dirking water in the river section to accept and assimilate the wastewater and its downstream section of 5.0km.
If the effluent after treatment complies with the discharge standards, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N have little contribution to the concentration in the assessed section of Rongjiang River. After dilution and diffusion in Rongjiang River, the contribution values of CODcr, BOD5, and NH3-N can conform to the Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. Because the water quality in the assessed section of Rongjiang River is good, after the wastewater drained from the project has superimposed the background concentration of the water upstream, the component values of CODcr, BOD5 and NH3-N can all reach Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. This indicates that the effluent discharge causes little influence on the water quality of the downstream section if the wastewater treatment facility is under normal operation and the effluent complies with the discharge standard.
(iv) Estimated Impact of Liucheng WWTP on Water Environment
The effluent of WWTP flows into Rongjiang River through the outfall located in downstream of the dam of Dapu Hydropower Station.
If the effluent after treatment complies with the discharge standards, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N have little contribution to the concentration in the assessed section of Rongjiang River. After dilution and diffusion in Rongjiang River, the contribution values of CODcr, BOD5, and NH3-N can conform to the Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. Because the water quality in the assessed section of Rongjiang River is good, after the wastewater drained from the project has superimposed the background concentration of the water upstream, the component values of CODcr, BOD5 and NH3-N can all reach Category III water quality standards specified in GB3838-2002 Quality Standard of Surface Water Environment. This indicates that the effluent discharge causes little influence on the water quality of the downstream section if the wastewater treatment facility is under normal operation and the effluent complies with the discharge standard.
(v) Estimated Impact of Shatang WWTP on Water Environment
The river section to accept and assimilate the wastewater is the downstream section of Liujiang River within the range of Liuzhou urban area where the water environment function is classified as integrated water function area. There is no collective water intake point within the river section to accept and assimilate the wastewater and its downstream section of 5.0km.
If the effluent after treatment complies with the discharge standards, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N have little contribution to the concentration in the assessed section of Liujiang River. In the reducing section of 1km downstream, the concentration contribution values of CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N are 1.2461mg/L, 0.4178mg/L and 0.1710mg/L respectively, accounting for corresponding standard limit values of 6.23%, 10.45% and 17.10% respectively. while in the reducing section of 3km downstream, the concentration contribution values of CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N are 0.5376mg/L, 0.2211mg/L and 0.0948mg/L respectively, accounting for corresponding standard limit values of 2.69%, 5.53% and 9.48% respectively;
This project is to intercept sewage from the urban area of Shatang Township and delivers to WWTP to treat to meet the discharge standards. The service area of the project covers 15.96km2. Upon its completion and operation, it will change the conditions that the sewage is drained directly into water body without treatment and reduce the mass pollutants in the sewage, improve the water quality in Xianglanhe River and Liujiang River and the sanitation of Shatang township.
(vi) Estimated Impact Results of Guantang WWTP on Water Environment
The effluent of WWTP is finally drained into downstream section of Liujiang River within the urban area of Liuzhou via Jiaoyonggou gully.
If the effluent after treatment complies with the discharge standards, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N have little contribution to the concentration in the assessed section of Liujiang River. NH3-N, BOD5 and CODcr form a concentration increment belt on the left side of the assessed river section against the riverbank, thereinto the length of NH3-N concentration increment belt is shorter than 500m with width of less than 60m; the length of BOD5 and CODcr concentration increment belts are shorter than 80m with width of less than 30m; at the reducing section of 3km downstream, the maximum concentration contribution values are 0.26mg/L, 0.44mg/L and 2.07mg/L, accounting for corresponding standard limit values of 26%, 11% and 10.35% respectively;
Considering the background concentration of the water from upstream, NH3-N, BOD5 and CODcr form a concentration increment belt on the left side of the assessed river section against the riverbank, thereinto the length of NH3-N concentration increment belt is shorter than 500m with width of les 60m; the length of BOD5 and CODcr concentration increment belts is shorter than 200m with width of less 30m; At the reducing section of3km downstream, the maximum concentration contribution values are 0.26mg/L, 0.44mg/L and 2.07mg/L. All these values do not exceed the corresponding standard limits, indicating that the effluent discharge causes little influence on the water quality of the downstream section if Guantang WWTP is under normal operation and the effluent comply with the discharge standard.
(vii) Overall Assessment
By implementing WWTP and network under LZEMP II, it will increase the collection and treatment rate of the domestic sewage, control the pollutants load drained into the river, reduce the pollution (COD, NT and TP) load drained into the river basin, improve the river water quality and the surrounding environment. In the meantime, aiming at the target to manage and improve the water environment quality of the cities and townships areas within the Pearl River basin, it has increased the collective sewage treatment capacity in the secondary-level cities within Liujiang River and Rongjiang River basins and more population enjoy the sewage treatment service.
4.1.2.2 Analysis on Impact of Solid Wastes Produced by WWTP
The solid wastes of WWTP are the screenings of the screens, silt of sedimentation tanks, dewatered sludge and domestic refuse. Under the proper temperature and moisture, especially in the sweltering weather, these substances easily become decayed and give off odor, thereinto the dewatered sludge causes the biggest impact on the environment. The dewatered sludge is provided with the following features: 1) high moisture content (>80%) and easy to flow away; 2) fine in particles and poor in water permeability; 3) easy to become the breeding place of mosquitoes and flies, so as to become the disease spreading source; 4) easy to produce leach water to contaminate both surface and ground water when the pollutants contained in it enter into water body.
i. Analysis on Sludge Components
The sludge components in Liuzhou refer to Table 4.13 below:
Table 4.13 Analysis Results of Sludge Components of WWTP in Operation in Liuzhou
Unit: mg/kg
|Item |Baisha WWTP |Longquanshan WWTP |
|Total Cu |126 |203 |
|Total Zn |408 |1.64×103 |
|Total Pb |117 |144 |
|Total Ca |13.6 |21.4 |
|Total Cr |51.9 |286 |
|Total As |23.1 |26.9 |
|Total Hg |5.78 |4.71 |
2. Identification on Extraction Toxicity
Currently only Baisha and Longquanshan WWTP are put into operation and their monitoring results on the extraction toxicity refer to Table 4.14 and 4.15 below:
Table 4.14 Analysis Results of Sludge Extraction Toxicity of Baisha WWTP
|Monitoring Date |Times |Total Hg（µg/L |Total Cd |Total Cr |Total Ni |Total As |Total Pb |
| | |） |(mg/L) |(mg/L) |(mg/L) |（µg/L） |(mg/L) |
|Aug. 05, 2009 |1 |0.646 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |33.6 |0.2L |
| |2 |0.460 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |30.8 |0.2L |
| |3 |1.10 |0.05L |0.08 |0.05L |59.4 |0.2L |
| |4 |0.996 |0.05L |0.06 |0.05L |17.0 |0.2L |
| |Mean |0.800 |—— |0.04 |—— |35.2 |—— |
|Aug. 06, 2009 |1 |1.74 |0.05L |0.04 |0.05L |15.4 |0.2L |
| |2 |0.012 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |6.4 |0.2L |
| |3 |0.772 |0.05L |0.04 |0.05L |84.0 |0.2L |
| |4 |0.166 |0.05L |0.04 |0.05L |11.4 |0.2L |
| |Mean |0.672 |—— |0.03 |—— |29.3 |—— |
| Limit Value (mg/L) |0.1 |1 |15 |5 |5 |5 |
|The results indicate that the extraction toxicity values of the sludge produced by Baisha WWTP are lower than the limits. The |
|sludge is not classified as hazardous wastes. |
Table 4.15 Analysis Results of Sludge Extraction Toxicity of Longquanshan WWTP
|Monitoring Date |Times |Total Hg（µg/L |Total Cd |Total Cr |Total Ni |Total As |Total Pb |
| | |） |(mg/L) |(mg/L) |(mg/L) |（µg/L） |(mg/L) |
|Aug. 07, 2009 |1 |0.044 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |7.2 |0.2L |
| |2 |0.028 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |10.8 |0.2L |
| |3 |1.05 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |38.4 |0.2L |
| |4 |0.108 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |10.4 |0.2L |
| |Mean |0.308 |—— |—— |—— |16.7 |—— |
|Aug. 08, 2009 |1 |0.704 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |15.8 |0.2L |
| |2 |0.646 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |9.8 |0.2L |
| |3 |0.190 |0.05L |0.11 |0.05L |43.0 |0.2L |
| |4 |0.346 |0.05L |0.03L |0.05L |11.8 |0.2L |
| |Mean |0.472 |—— |0.04 |—— |20.1 |—— |
|Limit Value (mg/L) |0.1 |1 |15 |5 |5 |5 |
|The results indicate that the extraction toxicity values of the sludge in produced by Longquanshan WWTP are lower than the |
|limits. The sludge is not classified as hazardous wastes. |
It can be learnt from the above results that the indexes of the sludge produced by Baisha WWTP and Longquanshan WWTP are lower than the standard limits specified in Table 1 of GB5085.3-2007 Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes – Identification for Extraction Toxicity and classified not into the hazardous wastes. Comparing to the results of Baisha and Longquanshan, the sludge components produced by WWTP of the project refer to Table 4.16 blow.
Table 4.16 Components and Toxicity of Sludge Produced in Proposed WWTPs
|Region |Project |Sewage and Wastewater |Main Components in Wastewater |Heavy Metal |Hazardous Wastes|
| | |to be collected | | | |
|Sanjiang |Sanjiang |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|County |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
|Rong’an |Rong’an |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|county |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
|Rongshui |Rongshui |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|county |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
|Liucheng |Liucheng |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|county |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
|Liubei |Shatang |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|District |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
|Liudong |Guantang |Domestic Sewage, |COD, BOD5, NH3-N, |Yes |No |
|District |WWTP |Industrial Wastewater |SS, Total Bacterial, Heavy Metal | | |
iii. Impact on Environment Caused by Sludge Treatment Process within WWTP
(1) Impact on Environment during sludge Dewatering
Generally, concentration should be carried out prior to dewatering and the concentration process usually gives off odor, especially during summer time the floating sludge is commonly seen on the surface of the tank where it is very easy to propagate mosquitoes and flies.
When the thickened sludge is dewatered, odor will emit in the dewatering shop; if the sludge drops during transportation, it will cause environment pollution.
(ii) Impact on Environment during Sludge storage
After dewatering, the sludge should be transported out in time. Temporary storage site should be available if the sludge can not be transferred in time. When the dewatered sludge encounters water, it is easily to become the plaster with good fluidity easily to be washed away; if it rains, the leachate will contaminate both surface and ground water bodies with pollutants. Therefore, the dewatered sludge should not be stored at will and specific temporary storage site with seepage-proof layer and rain shelter should be available. In addition, as the dewatered sludge is not stable completely, the anaerobic digestion may occur in the case of long-term storage, which will emit the odor matters such as H2S to influence the air quality. The sludge site is also the breeding place for mosquito and fly, which will cause negative impact on the environment. In view of the reasons mentioned above, it should transport out the dewatered sludge in due time and avoid storage in WWTP.
(iii) Impact on Environment during Sludge Transportation
Although, the sludge has been subject to treatment to some extent within WWTP, it is still a kind of pollutant with hazard. In LZEMP II, only concentration and dewatering are carried out to treat the sludge. Such treatment can not meet the requirement to stabilize and decontaminate the sludge, and the sludge still contains organic mass that easily decays and pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and roundworm eggs. Therefore, the environment problem during sludge transportation is very important. Currently, the sludge is transported by trucks. The sludge might stick on the wheels and the surface of truck bodies during loading and unloading or due to poor obturation of containers, the sludge will drop in WWTP and roads.
The sludge transport mode adopted should deny the sludge drops and odor. The specific sludge vehicles with good obturation should be used to prevent leakage and drop. In addition, sludge should be transported to avoid the traffic peak hours as far as possible. In a word, sludge transport is a problem that should be treated seriously and can not be ignored.
iv. Sludge Disposal alternative in WWTPs
Sludge is the product of sewage treatment process and an important component of sewage treatment process. The objective of sludge treatment is to lower the moisture rate and reduce the sludge volume to stabilize the sludge and create the conditions for the further disposal and comprehensive utilization. The processing flow includes: concentration – dewatering – disposal or concentration – digestion – dewatering – disposal. After dewatering, the moisture content in sludge is still relatively high. However, this disposal mode is acceptable according to the agreement signed between the project owner and landfill, refer to Table 4.17:
Table 4.17 Sludge Disposal Methods Adopted by WWTPs
|Project |WWTP |Quantity of |Quantity of Sludge |Dewatering |Disposal Method |
|Name |capacity |Dry Sludge |(t/d) |Method | |
| |(m3/d) |(t/d) |(Moisture Rate: 75~80 | | |
| | | |％) | | |
|Sanjiang WWTP|10000 |1.2 |4.8 |Dewatered by Belt |the sludge is transported to |
| | | | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Sanjiang landfill landfilling |
|Rong’an WWTP |30000 |3.6 |14.4 |Dewatered by Belt |the sludge is transported to |
| | | | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Rong’an landfill landfilling |
|Rongshui WWTP|20000 |2.4 |9.6 |Dewatered by Belt |the sludge is transported to |
| | | | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Rongshui landfill landfilling |
|Liucheng WWTP|20000 |2.4 |9.6 |Dewatered by Belt |the sludge is transported to |
| | | | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Liucheng landfill landfilling |
|Shatang WWTP |20000 | |9.6 |Dewatered by Belt |To be treated in Liuzhou Sludge |
| | |2.4 | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Management project |
|Guantang WWTP|50000 | |24 |Dewatered by Belt |To be treated in Liuzhou Sludge |
| | |6.0 | |Thickening-Dewatering Unit |Management project |
v. Analysis on Feasibility and Reliability of Sludge Disposal Method
According to the sludge test results and comparing to the actual operation experience of Jiangnan and Langdong WWTP in Nanning, the sludge landfilling is feasible technically.
The landfills in 4 counties are under construction and will be put into operation by the end of 2010. Liuzhou sludge management project has completed the feasibility study report and plans to put into operation in 2011. All projects are completed before relative WWTPs are completed so as to ensure the sludge are disposed properly.
4.1.2.3 Impact on Air Environment Caused by Implementation of Project
The main impact on the air environment caused by the operation of the project is the offensive odor. During the sewage treatment process, the organic substances contained in the sewage will be decomposed and emit odor under the anaerobic condition. The odor is in connection with weather. Containing mainly the gas mixture of NH3 and H2S, the odor concentration is thicker during summer time. The odor gives off mainly from grills, sediment tank, and aerator tank, sludge dewatering unit room and sludge storage.
This assessment report only summarizes the main impact on air environment. For details, please see the proportion in the predictions of impact on air environment of the Sub-projects in the following text, while for the predictive model of impact on air environment and analyzing method, please see Annex 3.
1. Predictive Results of Impact on Air for Sanjiang WWTP
It is predicted that under the weather conditions of prevailing winds and calm wind during summer and winter, the hourly odorous substance concentration at the plant boundary meet the requirement of standard. The odor source building width of sanitary protection distance in the near future is 100m. This distance for the residential houses (about 10 households and 45 persons) east to the plant is about only 50m and fails to conform to the standard. While the odor source building width of sanitary protection distance in long term is 200m. These distances for part of the residential houses (about 30 households and 135) fail to conform to the standard. The Pump Station sanitary protection distance is 50m. Two Sensitive Receptors around the Pump Stations fail to conform to the requirement.
In order to mitigate the impact of WWTP and Pump Station on the environment, the project owner should adopt the following measures: 1) it is suggested to optimize the plant layout by locating the offensive odor source buildings and structures such as grills and sludge room in the places where it is farther apart from the Sensitive Receptors; 2) the Pump Station on Guyi bridge should be arranged, as far as possible, towards southwest by Xunjiang River and farther apart from the Sensitive Receptors; the sewage pump room on Ershengqiao bridge should, as far as possible, be arranged in the center of the Pump Station and farther apart from the surrounding Sensitive Receptors; 3) the project owner should build a green isolation belt by planting high arbor trees and thick shrubbries; 4) the grill dregs and thickened and dewatered sludge should be transported out of the plant in due time. The time to store the sludge within the plant should not exceed one day. When the sludge is in big quantity, it should increases the trips of the vehicles to transport it; the enclosed or semi-enclosed structure should be adopted for temporary sludge storing yard; regular inspection and maintenance should be carried out for the deodorization facilities and the packing in the bio-filter should be replaced regularly; 5) based on the construction progress of WWTP and Pump Station, it should relocate the households within the sanitary protection distance by stage; within the odor building and structure source sanitary protection distance (long term), it should not plan the land for residential, educational and medical and health purposes.
Table 4.18 Sanitary Protection Distance of Sanjiang WWTP and Relation with Sensitive Receptors
|Sensitive Receptor |Relative Location to Plant |Sanitary Protection Distance to |If it meets the requirement |
| |Boundary, |Plant Boundary |of sanitary protection |
| |Distance (m) | |distance? |
|Tantoutun Village |East, 50 |Near Future: 100m |No |
| | |Long term: 200m | |
|Poweizhaitun Village |North, 200 | |Yes |
|Dazhoutun Village |Southeast, 350 | |Yes |
|Dazhou Primary School |Southeast, 400 | |Yes |
|Sanjiang Middle School |Southeast, 550 | |Yes |
Table 4.19 Sanitary Protection Distance of Sanjiang Pump Station and Relation with Sensitive Receptors
| Pump Station |Sensitive |Relative Location to Pump |Sanitary Protection Distance|If it meets the |
| |Receptor |Station, Distance (m) |to Pump Station |requirement of sanitary |
| | | | |protection distance? |
|Guyiqiao Pump |Private Residential Houses |North, 10 |50m |No |
|Station | | | | |
| |Staff Dormitory of Grain Bureau |East, 10 | |No |
|Eershengqiao Pump |Private Residential Houses |North, 20 | |No |
|station | | | | |
| |Staff Dormitory of Forestry |East, 10 | |No |
| |Administration | | | |
| |Office of forestry |East, 10 | |No |
| |Administration | | | |
| |Staff Dormitory of Forestry |Southwest, 20 | |No |
| |Administration | | | |
2. Predictive Results of Impact on Air for Rong’an WWTP
It is predicted that –
(1) The odorous substances contained in the odor emitted by the WWTP meet the requirement of the max. Concentration of waste gases (H2S ................
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