Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences Karnataka



BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, POST GRADUATE RESEARCH CENTRE,

BELGAUM-590016, KARNATAKA.

Recognised by

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HOMOEOPATHY , NEW DELHI.

Affiliated to

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE.

SYNOPSIS

M.D.(HOMOEOPATHY)

“EFFICACY OF CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN CHILDREN”

By

Dr. PREMA .M. RATHOD

Under the Guidance of:

Dr. S. S. DIVATE MD ( HOM )

Professor & Guide,

Department of Materia Medica,

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College

and Hospital, Belgaum.

From,

Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD

To,

Dr. S.S.DIVATE. M.D. (H0M)

Professor & Guide,

Department of Materia Medica

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital,

Belgaum.

Sub: Application to accept my synopsis for the dissertation

Respected Sir,

I Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD, would like to forward my application for the approval of my synopsis under your guidance for the following topic “EFFICACY OF CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN CHILDREN”

Hope you will approve the same.

Date: Thanking you,

Place: Belgaum

Yours sincerely

Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD

Department of Materia Medica,

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College

and Hospital, Belgaum.

From,

Dr. S.S.DIVATE. M.D. (H0M)

Professor & Guide,

Department of Materia Medica

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital,

Belgaum.

To,

Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD

Sub: Acceptance of synopsis for the dissertation.

Dear Doctor,

I have accepted your topic “EFFICACY OF CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN CHILDREN”

for the dissertation. Your synopsis will be forwarded to RGUHS.

Date:

Place: Belgaum

Dr. S.S.DIVATE. M.D. (H0M)

Professor & Guide,

Department of Materia Medica

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical

College & Hospital,

Belgaum.

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE-II

APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

|1 |NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS |DR. PREMA.M.RATHOD |

| | |PRESENT ADDRESS |

| | |Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD |

| | |I st MAIN 3rd CROSS, |

| | |SHIVAJI NAGAR |

| | |BELGAUM-590 016,KARNATAKA. |

| | | |

| | |PERMANENT ADDRESS |

| | |Dr. PREMA.M.RATHOD |

| | |I st MAIN 3rd CROSS, |

| | |SHIVAJI NAGAR, |

| | |BELGAUM-590 016,KARNATAKA. |

|2 |NAME OF THE INSTITUTION |BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL. |

| | |BELGAUM-590016 |

|3 |COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT |DOCTOR OF MEDICINE (HOMOEOPATHY) MATERIA MEDICA |

|4 |DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE COURSE | |

| | |18th June 2009 |

|5 |TITLE OF THE TOPIC |“EFFICACY OF CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN |

| | |CHILDREN” |

|6 |BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK: |

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| |6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY |

| |Allergic rhinitis is the commonest clinical manifestation of atopic disorders. About 10% of the population suffers to a |

| |greater/ lesser degree with allergies to extrinsic allergens such as animal furs,mites,house dust and pollens. This state |

| |of atopy or allergy shows a strong familial predisposition and individuals with this allergic or atopic syndrome may |

| |present in early life with infantile eczema and later develop allergic rhinitis, asthma and allergies to a variety of food|

| |stuff. It is more common in metropolitan areas compare to rural areas. This is because of increased pollution due to |

| |rapid urbanization and industrialization. |

| |In the management of allergic rhinitis, the conventional system of medicine aimed to decrease the episodes of allergy by |

| |giving antihistamines and nasal decongestants with frequent use of glucocorticoids. Because of these antihistamines the |

| |child will become drowsy wholeday keeping away from routine activities including the studies. Inspite of all advances in |

| |management of allergic rhinitis, its incidence in children is increasing because unless and until the basic tendency is |

| |not corrected there is no use of exhaustive management. Thus there is limited scope in conventional system of medicine. |

| |As Homoeopathy is a system of medicine which works on inspiring the humoral or the immune mechanism of the body from its |

| |latent or overt reaction, it is there by the best form of medicine to treat any allergy. Here the cure is obtained by |

| |constitutional treatment. |

| |The sum total of the individual characteristics in the 3 planes – emotional, intellectual and physical – depicts the |

| |constitution. This sum total is the resultant of the early environmental factors, right from the time of conception, |

| |acting on the hereditary plan of organization as determined the genes. Therefore individual illness cured if only we can |

| |clearly understand the constitution. |

| |The constitutional medicine has a capacity to correct the tendencies and abnormal behaviors and reactions to the |

| |environment. Constitutional medicines are useful in overcoming chronic diseases which have a constitutional bases. |

| |Constitutional medicine should be prescribed only after the acute crisis is overcome with the help of acute medicine. The |

| |constitution of a medicine is known by studying various materia medica books from different angles. |

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| |The Homoeopathic materia medica is a vast treasure house of remedies where in every remedy has been proved in totality |

| |i.e. the characteristic of the disease and the individual. Thus Homoeopathic management of any disease condition takes |

| |into consideration the totalistic approach i.e. the mental generals, physical general and the susceptibility of the |

| |individual. Therefore the present study is an attempt to study the constitutional remedies efficacious for allergic |

| |rhinitis in children. |

| |6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE. |

| |The word allergy means a hypersensitivity to inncuous or hamless substenses in the environment. |

| |It is also defined as the adverse physiological reaction resulting from the reaction of an antigen with humeral anti body |

| |or lymphoid cells |

| |As early as1820’s our master Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, while conducting drug proving on healthy human beings, noticed |

| |peculiar types of individuals who over reacted or reacted to certain things to which majority did not show any response. |

| |He termed this peculiar state as Idiosyncracy. The term Idiosyncracy comes quite close to the present dayterms. i. e |

| |Allergy and Hypersensitivity. The Allergy was introduced in 1906 by Von Pirquet who defined it as altered or changed |

| |reactivity. |

| |The allergic reaction varies from mild irritation and discharge to severe anaphylactict shock. In the noses of allergic |

| |individuals contact of the allergen with cell bounded IgE produces a loclised anaphylactict reaction causing the symptoms |

| |of allergic rhinitis. |

| |Mechanism of allergic rhinitis : |

| |Mast cells in the nasal mucosa become coated with a particular type of antibody belonging to the IgE cells. This antibody |

| |is known as reagenice or hamocytotropic antibody. When the antigen Eg. Pollen interacts with reagenic antibody on the mast|

| |cell surface, mast cell degeneration occurs. These degranulating mast cells secrete histamine & other mediators of |

| |anaphylaxis including 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), slow reacting substance of allergy (SRS-A), platelet activity |

| |factor (PAF), heparin & chemactic factors for both neutrophils & eosinophils. The eosinophils are thus attracted to the |

| |site of mast cell degranulation & they proceed to attempt to neutralize the effects of the released mediators. This |

| |probably explains the eosinophilia found in allergic individuals & also the large number of eosinophils found in their |

| |nasal mucosa. |

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| |Nasal Allergens: Nasal allergens are pollen, House dust , insecticides, animal dander, moulds found on decaying |

| |vegetables, feathers, face powders, cockroach, house fly & butterfly. |

| |Types of Allergic Rhinitis: Acute / Perennial |

| |Seasonal |

| |Chronic. |

| |In acute form there is usually prodromal nasal itching followed by violent sneezing & profuse watery discharge with or |

| |without temperature. Sometimes may be associated with watering of the eyes. Attacks may be continue intermittently for |

| |days or last continuously for an hour or more, leaving the patient exhausted. Here sensitization is usually to house dust,|

| |feathers, animal pets, chemical vapors etc. there may be hacking unproductive cough aggrevated at night and a post nasal |

| |drip leading to frequent clearing of the throat. Attacks of croup with hoarseness of voice may occur. |

| |Seasonal allergy is also called as hay fever. Sensitization occurs to grass, flowers, pollen, moulds, spores of fungi |

| |etc. However this is rare before 2 to 3 years of age. This disease has a definite relationship to the seasons and can be |

| |aggrevated by increased concentration of non-seasonal allergy like house-dust, paint-vapours. |

| |In chronic allergic rhinitis, there is persistent nasal stuffiness with a tendency to excessive mucoid discharge with |

| |lesser episodes of sneezing and watering. The differentiation from vasomotor rhinitis can be difficult. But small clue |

| |may be provided by a H/O previous infantile eczema, a tendency to wheezing, bronchitis or a family H/O allergy. |

| |Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. |

| |Diagnosis is made by a careful case history, tracing the relationship to seasons, to particular areas, to the time of day |

| |etc, H/O allergy in family & H/O allergy to the nasal allergens. |

| |Some of the constitutional medicines indicated for allergic rhinitis in children are. |

| |Arsenic Alb. |

| |Chamomilla |

| |Sabadilla. |

| |Calcarea Carb |

| |Pulsatilla |

| |Sambugus Nigra. |

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| |Arsenic Album : The arsenic child is always chilly , always sneezing from every change in the weather. Less in cold damp |

| |weather; Hoarseness and sleeplessness with swollen nose; stoppage of nose with copious discharge of watery mucus and |

| |burning in the nose. amelioration warmth. Generally aggrevation from cold except headache which is temporarily relieved by|

| |cold washing and permanently by walking in cold air. |

| |Chamomilla : Coryza first dry and obstructed, followed by scanty moderately acrid discharge; irritation to sneeze with |

| |crawling; dry heat; hoarseness, produced by tenacious mucus in larynx & trachea. Coryza with inability to sleep. Sensitive|

| |to all smells. The child is very irritable, will not answer when spoken to very sensitive, cross, ugly, spiteful snappish.|

| |Sweating about the head, face red & hot on the one side. Chilly patient amelioration from heat. |

| |Sabadilla : Catarrhal condition of the nose with constant sneezing. Sensation of rawness in the nose, burning, stuffing of|

| |the nose. Discharge at first of thin mucus & later thick mucus. The croyza is ameliorated from inhaling hot air. |

| |aggrevated by the odor of flowers. Even thinking of the flowers makes him sneeze & increases the flow from the nose. |

| |Obstruction of nostrils, alternatively. Oversensitive to the odor of the fruit & flowers. Periodical attacks. |

| |Pulsatilla : Repeated attacks of coryza with sneezing & stuffing up of the nose; with fever & sweat. In the evening |

| |considerable watery discharge with sneezing; in the morning stuffing up of the nose with thick yellow green discharge. |

| |Pulsatilla is suitable to chronic catarrh with bad smell in the nose. Associated with loss of smell & taste. amelioration |

| |open air. aggrevation warm room. The child is nervous, timid, yielding. Also useful in hay fever. |

| |Calcarea Carb : The calc carb children suffer from frequent cold, nose block & sore throat. The child is chilly with |

| |profuse sweating. The child catches cold each time he sweats. The calc carb child is fat, fair & flabby with deficient |

| |bones. Dry nostrils; ulcerated. Stoppage of nose, also with fetid, yellow discharge offensive odor in the nose. Takes |

| |cold at every charge of weather. |

| |Sambugus Nigra : Dry coryza of children. Sensation of numbness in nose with itching on bridge. Sanguineous congestion in |

| |nose with sensation of heaviness in point of nose. Obstruction of nose with accumulation of thick & viscid mucus in |

| |nostrils. Snuffles in children. Child starts up suddenly as if suffocating. |

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| |Ammonium Carb : Dry coryza & stoppage of the nose chiefly at night with danger of suffocation. Cannot breathe through the |

| |nose. Burning water runs from the nose in daytime, dry coryza at night. The least breath of cool air aggrevates & brings |

| |on sneezing. Constant tingling in the nose & disposition to sneeze. |

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| |Objectives of the study. |

| |To study the presentation of allergic rhinitis in children |

| |Identification of the constitutional medicines which are more effective for the allergic rhinitis in children. |

|7. |MATERIALS AND METHODS: |

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| |7.1 Source of data : |

| |The subject for the this study will be taken from the Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital OPD / IPD / |

| |Village Health Camps. |

| |7.2 Method of collection of data : |

| |Patients will be selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be collected on the basis of |

| |interview methods as per the proforma prepared for the topic. |

| |All the patients registered between the period from 15th June 2009 to 15th November 2009 with the basic criteria set for |

| |study will be included for the assessment and cases will be studied till November 2011. |

| |The study will be done with simple random sample technique. |

| |All cases will be taken as per the proforma prepared for the study. All cases shall be thoroughly analyzed; symptoms are |

| |evaluated over correct nosological studies. |

| |Patient will be reviewed every fortnightly for a month and later may be followed up as per the demand of the case. |

| |Statistical tests will be applied as per requirement of the study at the completion of the study. |

| |Treatment will be started after correction of existing & predisposing causes. |

| |Result Criteria : Assessment of result shall be recovered, improved & not improved. |

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| |Following are the inclusion and exclusion criteria. |

| |Inclusion criteria : |

| |Children patient aged between 5-15 years diagnosed as allergic rhinitis will be taken up for studies on the basis of |

| |clinical history and findings. |

| |Patient of both sexes, irrespective of their socio- economic states is to be considered. |

| |Exclusion criteria. |

| |Children having non-allergic rhinitis & vasomotor rhinitis will be excluded. |

| |Children having other irreversible chronic illness & immunosuppressed diseases will be excluded . |

| |7.3 Does the study require any investigations or interventions to |

| |be conducted on patients or other humans or animals ? |

| |If so please describe briefly. |

| |All the clinically diagnosed cases of allergic rhinitis will be taken up for the study. However the following |

| |investigations will be done as per the requirement of the case or if there is clinical or ambiguity. |

| |Blood investigations – TC with AEC. |

| |Prick & scratch Tests of the skin with solutions containing various allergens |

| |7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in |

| |case of 7.3? |

| |Yes. Ethical clearance has been obtained from the institution. |

|8 |LIST OF REFERANCES |

| |Achar’s Text Book of Pediatrics 3rd edition. Page No- 257,258. |

| |Diseases of the nose throat & Ear by Simson Hall Bernard. H Colman Page No – 45. |

| |Homoeopathy & child care by Dr, Shashikant Tiwari. Page No – 216. |

| |National Journal of Homoeopathy, njhonline .com. vol-9 95th issue August 2007. Page No – 20. |

| |Constitutional and Temperament by Dr. R.K. Mukerji. Page No. -2. |

| |Principles and practice of Homoeopathy. Part-I, by Dr. M.L. Dhawale. Page No.- 24. |

| |Homoeopathic therapeutics by Samuel Lilienthal, Reprint edition 1992. Page No – 616, 132. |

| |E.N.T Troubles cured with Homoeopathic Medicines by P.Shivaraman. Page No 236, 17, 232, 26. |

| |Lectures on Homoeopathy Materia Medica – J.T Kent -150, 862, 158. |

| |Boerick’s Materia Medica – 145, 41. |

|9. |SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE | |

|10. |REMARKS OF THE GUIDES | |

|11. |NAME & DESIGNATION OF | DR. S.S. DIVATE, M.D.(HOM) |

| |(in block letters) |PROF. & GUIDE |

| |11.1 GUIDE |DEPT. OF MATERIA MEDICA BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, |

| | |HOSPITAL & P.G. RESEARCH CENTRE, |

| | |BELGAUM – 590016. |

| | | |

| |11.2 SIGNATURE | |

| |11.3 CO-GUIDE (if any) | |

| | |----------- |

| |11.4 SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

| |HEAD OF THE |DR. S.M. ANGADI, M.D.(HOM) |

| |DEPARTMENT |PROF., H.O.D & GUIDE |

| | |DEPT. OF MATERIA MEDICA, BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, |

| | |HOSPITAL & P.G. RESEARCH CENTRE, |

| | |BELGAUM – 590016. |

| |11.6 SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

|12. |12.1 REMARKS OF THE | |

| |CHAIRMAN/PRINCIPAL | |

| | | |

| |12.2 SIGNATURE | |

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