Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Unit 2: Study Guide
Study Notes, Homework, Quizzes
Read Ebook sections below!
2.1 and 2.2 Atoms and the Atomic Theory and Components of the Atom
[EBOOK Sections 4.1 to 4.2]
• Definitions of atoms, molecules, ions
• Lavoisier and Law of Conservation of Mass
• Proust and Law of Constant Composition
• Dalton and Atomic Theory and Law of Multiple Proportions
• Thomson—cathode ray tubes, electrons and plum pudding model
• Millikan and Oil Drop Experiment
• Rutherford—Gold Foil experiment and nucleus
Current View of Particles in the Nucleus:
[EBOOK Section 4.3]
• Mass, location and symbol for proton, neutron, electron
• Writing atomic symbols for isotopes
• Calculating atomic numbers, mass numbers & numbers of protons, neutrons, electrons for neutral atoms and ions
• Definition of atomic mass unit and atomic mass
• Calculations of atomic masses from isotopes (free-response problem)
2.3 The Periodic Table: Elements Organized
[EBOOK Sections 12.1 to 12.2 & Section 13]
A. Know location and description of:
• groups or families
• periods or series
• metals, metalloids, nonmetals and their properties
• main group elements
• transition metals
• lanthanoids and actinoids
B. Dmitri Mendeleev—first periodic table
C. Henry Moseley—modern periodic table
2.4 Molecules and Molecular Compounds
[EBOOK Sections 15.1 to 15.2, Sections 14.1 to 14.4]
• Definitions of molecule; empirical, molecular and structural formulas
• Definitions of cations, anions, polyatomic ions
• Electrostatic attraction in ionic compounds
Formulas/Names of Compounds (fill-in section)
• Binary Ionic Compounds—Know your –ide endings!
• Common polyatomic cations (See handout): Must memorize! ALL on handout EXCEPT PEROXIDE!!
• Metals with multiple oxidation numbers—Must know when to use the Stock System (Roman numerals)
• Molecular (Covalent) Compounds—Know your Greek prefixes 1-8!
FORMULA WRITING/NAMING WILL BE MIXED IONIC/COVALENT
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