Behavior consists of simple motor responses to sensory ...



|Behavior consists of simple |Sensorimotor |Concrete Operations |Preoperational |

|motor responses to sensory | | | |

|stimuli; lacks concept of object| | | |

|permanence | | | |

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|Formal Operations |Lacks operations (reverse mental|Piaget |Begins to understand concept of |

| |processes); exhibits egocentric | |conservation; still has trouble |

| |thinking; lacks concept of | |with abstract ideas; |

| |conservation; uses symbols | |classification, abilities to |

| |(such as word or mental images) | |improve; masters concept of |

| |to solve simple problems or to | |conservation. |

| |talk about things that are not | | |

| |present | | |

|Understands abstract ideas and |Freud |Oral Stage |Anal Stage |

|hypothetical situation; capable | | | |

|of logical and deductive | | | |

|reasoning. | | | |

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|Phallic Stage |Latency Stage |Genital Stage |Infant’s pleasure seeking is |

| | | |focused on the mouth, |

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|Infants’ pleasure seeking |Infant‘s pleasure seeking |Sexual thoughts repressed; child|Sexual desires are renewed; |

|centers on functions of |focused on the genitals. |focuses on developing social and|individual seeks relationships |

|elimination. | |intellectual skills. |with others. |

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|Erickson |Trust vs. Mistrust |Is my world predictable and |Autonomy vs. shame |

| | |supportive? | |

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|Can I do things myself or must I|Initiative vs. guilt |Am I good or bad? |Industry vs. guilt |

|rely on others? | | | |

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|Am I successful or worthless? |Identity vs. Role Confusion |Who am I? |Intimacy vs. Isolation |

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|Shall I share my life with |Generative vs. Stagnation |Will I succeed in life? |Integrity vs. Despair |

|someone or live alone? | | | |

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|Have I lived a full life? |Kohlberg |Pre-conventional |Conventional |

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|Post-Conventional |Obedience and punishment |I don’t steal cookies because |For a cookie, I will clean my |

| | |mother would get mad at me. |room. |

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|Instrument relativist |Good boy/Nice girl |I don’t misbehave because my |Law and Order |

| | |teacher doesn’t like it. | |

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|Social Contract |Universal Ethics Principle |I don’t steal because it’s | I don’t steal because it is |

| | |against the law |wrong |

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|I don’t’ steal because society | | | |

|has made a law against stealing.| | | |

|(The law benefits society) | | | |

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