17.1 Adverbs of Manner, Possibility, Time, and Opinion
17.1
Adverbs of Manner, Possibility, Time, and Opinion
SUBJECT
She
SUBJECT
She
SUBJECT
She
Adverbs of Manner
(AUXILIARY +)
VERB
ADVERB
quit has quit
unexpectedly.
Adverbs of POSSIBILITY
ADVERB
(AUXILIARY +) VERB
failed
She probably has failed
the test.
(AUXILIARY +)
VERB
DIRECT OBJECT ADVERB
quit has quit
her job
unexpectedly.
AUXILIARY
has
ADVERB
VERB
unexpectedly quit (her job).
ADVERB BE
He definitely is
BE
He is
ADVERB
definitely
AUXILIARY ADVERB
He has
definitely
at home.
at home.
VERB
left.
MAYBE/PERHAPS
Maybe Perhaps
I'll get a raise.
Adverbs of Time
Yesterday
I found a new job.
I found a new job
yesterday.
Adverbs of Opinion
Unfortunately,
I failed the test.
I failed the test,
unfortunately.
I unfortunately
failed the test.
? Oxford University Press. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
1
Overview ? Adverbs modify or change the meaning of verbs. ?Many adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an adjective. See 17.8 for the spelling of
adverbs ending in -ly. quick quicklydefinite definitelyunfortunate unfortunately
?Adverbs can occur in different positions in a sentence. However, they never occur between a verb and its object. She quit her job unexpectedly.x She quit unexpectedly her job. (incorrect)
Adverbs of Manner ?Adverbs of manner usually come after the verb. In sentences with any auxiliary except
do (that is, be, have, or a modal), -ly adverbs of manner can also be placed between the auxiliary and the verb.
She has unexpectedly quit her job. You should carefully consider your options.
They are quietly waiting for news.The temperature will slowly rise this week.
Adverbs of Possiblity ? Adverbs of possibility include words such as certainly, definitely, probably, maybe,
and perhaps. ?When there is no auxiliary in a sentence, -ly adverbs of possibility come directly before
the verb. In sentences with the main verb be or an auxiliary, -ly adverbs of possibility can be placed before or after be or the auxiliary. ?Maybe and perhaps come at the beginning of a sentence.
Adverbs of Time ?Adverbs of time can come at the beginning or end of a sentence. They include words
such as yesterday, today, tomorrow, now, recently, and soon. ?Recently can also occur before the verb or between the auxilliary and the verb.
I recently found a new job.I have recently found a new job.
Adverbs of Opinion ?Most adverbs of opinion can occur at the beginning or end of a sentence or before the
verb. They include words such as fortunately, happily, incredibly, luckily, obviously, strangely, and surprisingly.
? Oxford University Press. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
2
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