Text Structure Notes
Text Structure Notes
Compare/Contrast: This text structure tells similarities and differences between two or more items.
Example: crocodiles and alligators, brown bears and polar bears, the lives of Martin Luther King, Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Gandhi.
Clue Words: different from, same as, alike, similar to, resemble, in contrast, in comparison, unlike, on the other hand, have in common, share, difference, differentiate, compared to.
Graphic Organizers:
Venn Diagram
Matrix
|Bears |Habitat |Diet |Height |Weight |Color |Enemies |
|Polar | | | | | | |
|Brown | | | | | | |
|Black | | | | | | |
Text Structure
Cause and Effect: This text structure examines how two or more ideas or events interact with one another.
The text tells why something happens or exists.
Examples: The text may cover the causes and effects of environmental disasters (e.g., the Exxon Valdez environmental disaster in Alaska, or the Chernobyl disaster).
Clue Words: as a result, because, since, for the purpose of, caused, led to, consequence, thus, in order to, this is why, if/then, the reason, so, in explanation, therefore, because, so that, nevertheless.
Graphic Organizers:
Domino Effect
Cause Effect Map
Text Structure Notes
Problem/Solution: This text describes a problem and suggests one or more solutions to the problem. The author may also offer possible outcomes to the “solved” problem. Time is an element in the problem –solution texts. First the problem is explained, solutions to the problem are considered, and over time, the problem is either solved, partially solved, or is not solved.
Examples: global warming, alcohol abuse, air pollution, school bullying.
Clue Words: Problem: question, puzzle, perplexity, enigma, riddle, issue, query, need to prevent, the trouble; Solution: answer, response, reply, return, comeback, to satisfy the problem, to set the issue at risk, to solve these problems.
Graphic Organizers:
Text Structure Notes
Sequence: Sequence texts present a series of events, from first to last. Time is an important element in sequence structures. A sequential text may tell the steps to complete an activity.
Clue words:
afterward, later, finally, last, early, following, to begin with, to start with, then, as time passed, continuing on, to end, years ago, in the first place, before, after, soon, more recently, not long after, on (date), before first second, third, next
Graphic Organizers
1._________________
2._____________________
3._________________
4.__________________
5.______________
6.________________________
Time Line
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
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Solution
1.
2.
3.
Problem
1.
2.
3.
................
................
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