How to echo environment variable in cmd

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How to echo environment variable in cmd

Environmental variables are often not seen directly when using Windows. However, there are cases, especially when using the command line, that setting and updating of environment variables is a necessity. In this series we talk about the various approaches we can take to set them up. In this article you look at how to interface with environment variables using the Command Prompt and Windows PowerShell. We also notice where the environment variables are set in the registry, if you need to access them in such a way. Print environment variables You can use environment variables in values of other environment variables. It is therefore useful to be able to see which ambient variables are already set. This is the way you do it: List of Command Prompts all Prompt environment variables - C\:> Print a particular environment variable: Command Prompt - C\:> Windows Power Lists all Windows PowerShell - PS C\:> environment variables: Windows PowerShell - PS C\:> Set Environmental variables To set persistent environment variables to the command line, we will use setx. ex It became part of Windows as Vista / Windows Server 2008. Before that, it was part of the Windows Resource Kit. If you need the Windows Resource Kit, consult the Resources at the bottom of the page. setx.exe does not set the ambient variable in the current command prompt, but will be available in the next command prompts. User Variables Command Prompt - C\:> 1setx EC2_CERTOpen a new command prompt. Command Prompt - C:\> System Variables To change system variables, you will need an administrative command prompt. See HowTo: Open an Admin Command Prompt in Windows to see how. Command Prompt - C:\> 1setx EC2_HOME "%APPDATE%\aws\ec2-api-tools" /M This method is recommended only for experienced users. The location of user variables in the register is: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment. The location of the system variables in the registry is: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment. When setting the environment variables through the registry, they will not recognize you immediately. One option is to go out and come back again. However, we can avoid accessing if we send a WM_SETTINGCHANGE message, which is just another line when you do this programmaatically, however if doing this on the command line is not so simple. One way is to get this released message is to open the environment variables in the GUI, as we do in HowTo: Set a Variable environment in Windows - GUI; we don't need to change anything, just open the Variables Environment window where we can see the environment variables, then hit OK. Another way to get the message released is to use setx, this allows everything to do on the command line, however it requires setting at least one environment variable with setx. Print environment variables with Windows XP, the reg tool allows access to the registry fromLine. We can use it to look at environment variables. This will also work in the command prompt or powerhell. This technique will also show inexpanded environment variables, unlike the approaches displayed for the command prompt and powerhell. First we will show user variables: Command Prompt - C:\> 1reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment We can show a specific environment variable by adding /v then the name, in this case we will make TEMP: Command Prompt - C:\> 1reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment /v TEMP Now we list system environment variables: Command Prompt - C:\> 1 query reg "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" And in the same way with user variables we can query a specific variable. Command Prompt - C:\> 1 query reg "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v PATH Disassemble a variable When setting environment variables on the command line, setx should be used because environment variables will be propagated appropriately. However a remarkable setx does not do is a variable set of environment. The reg tool can handle this, however another setx command should be executed later to propagate environment variables. The layout for deletion of a user variable is: reg delete HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Environment /v variable_name /f. If /f had been left, we would have been asked: Delete the value of the EXAMPLE registry (Yes/No)?. For this exampleUSER_EXAMPLE user variable: Command Prompt - C\:> 1reg deletes HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment /v USER_EXAMPLE /f Clearing a system variable requires administrator privileges. See HowTo: Open an Administrator Command Prompt in Windows to see how to do it. The layout for deletion of a system variable is: reg delete "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v variable_name /f. For this example we will delete the system variable SYSTEM_ ESEMPI: Command Prompt - C\:> 1reg deletes "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v SYSTEM_EXAMPLE / If this has been performed as a normal user you will get: But running in an administrator shell will give us: Finally we will have to run a setx command to propagate environment variables. If there were other variables to set, we could do it now. However, if we were only interested in unset variables, we will have to have a variable left behind. In this case we set a user variable called buttafuori with a Command Prompt - C\: Resources Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit The tools will also work with Windows XP and Windows XP SP1; use Windows XP Service Pack 2 Support Tools with Windows XP SP2. Neither the download is supported on the 64-bit version. Parts of this series

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