Christopher M



Curriculum VitaeChristopher M. Butt, Ph.D.LinkedIn Profile: Email: christophermichaelbutt@ Phone: (303) 929-4919Present PositionVice President of Research, Bolder Biopath, Inc. (Boulder, CO)EducationB.Sc., Biology (Chemistry minor), Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN), May 1994Ph.D., Neurobiology, University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY), August 2000Postdoctoral Work, Neurochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Addiction-related behavior, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado (Boulder, CO; September 2000-June 2005)Management and Teaching ExperienceUndergraduate Teaching Assistant, Vanderbilt University: Recruited to teach and supervise two sections of laboratory exercises for introductory biology (January 1994-May 1994). This work provided valuable experience in lecture and exam preparation, critical evaluation of student performance, public speaking, and interpersonal communication Operating Room Technician, Indiana Surgery Center: Managed the inventory, sterilization and availability of instruments, supplies, medications and equipment to a group of physicians specializing in arthroscopic, eye, laparoscopic, nasal and plastic surgeries (August 1994-July 1995)Graduate Student/Teaching Assistant, University of Kentucky: Taught and supervised laboratory exercises for introductory biology as part of an awarded teaching assistantship (August 1995-May 1996)Research Fellow/Associate, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado: Trained and managed a total of 5 laboratory technicians (September 2000-June 2005). Technicians were trained in data analysis and for techniques in biochemistry, molecular biology, and mouse behaviorGuest lecturer for a neuropharmacology course (mixed undergraduate/graduate-level). Prepared and presented a review of GABA receptors and benzodiazepine action (November 2001)Assistant Professor of Neuroscience, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine: Directed the neuroscience curriculum for 300 first- and second-year medical students (July 2005-June 2007).Course coordinator for the Medical Neuroscience curriculum for first-year medical students- Organized and taught over 90% of this 36-hour course and its neuroanatomy laboratories- Coordinated 6 other preclinical faculty members for laboratories and lectures each year Chairman of the Nervous System curriculum for second-year medical students- Coordinated 9 other clinical and preclinical faculty members for this 83-hour course - Recruited and managed 3 visiting clinical lecturers Taught and co-facilitated 2 academic quarters of the school's problem-based learning curriculum for second-year medical studentsTrained and managed a total of 9 work-study students and 2 departmental research assistants in a variety of duties and techniques (see Research Experience below).Principal Scientist, Discovery Neuroscience, Martek Biosciences: Managed neuroscience resources (~$1.2M) and reported to the Chief Scientific Officer (June 2007-December 2010).Served as preclinical consult and presented preclinical and clinical data to upper business and research management, medical director, client companies and other external entitiesRepresented and successfully integrated the group during Martek’s acquisition by DSMPlanned and coordinated the building of the laboratory (~$200K), its capital acquisitions (~$500K), and the recruitment, hiring, training and career management of 6 employeesPrincipal Scientist, Biological Models, DSM Nutritional Products: Managed the U.S. preclinical laboratory reporting to Switzerland in a matrixed hierarchy (December 2010-April 2017)Site Director, Boulder, CO, DSM Nutritional Products: Responsible for facility operations, personnel safety, radiation safety and DEA licensure (October 2013-January 2020)Negotiated leases and reduced costs by $2M over 5 years by redesigning laboratories Managed the rightsizing of the Boulder site as part of Martek’s integration into DSMPrincipal Scientist II, Translational Biology, DSM Nutritional Products: Managed the U.S. preclinical laboratory reporting to the Global Head of R&D (May 2017-December 2017)R&D Business Segment Lead, Early Life Nutrition, DSM Nutritional Products: Coordinated ~$2M of R&D resources, championed ideas, and expanded capabilities in the development of the nervous, immune, bone and gut systems during childhood (January 2018-January 2020)Connected R&D to customers and contributed to joint development agreements that resulted in up to 50% cost sharing on business research projects of mutual interestDeveloped and maintained international relationships with KOLs and CROs necessary for the scientific support of multimillion-dollar commercial products or medical devicesLed a 5-person, global team (US, EU and APAC) that included clinical scientists Negotiated a memorandum of understanding with the University of Colorado that saved the company at least $300K per year on research costsVice President of Research, CNS/Neuroscience, Bolder Biopath: Interface with customers for contract research that is anticipated to capture a minimum of $1M per year in revenue. Manage and coordinate ~$2M of R&D resources with capabilities focused on the nervous system but also on its interactions with the immune, bone and gut systems (January 2020-Present)Negotiated the transfer of 3 employees and over $250K in capital equipment and supplies from DSM to Bolder BiopathMaintained DSM as a Bolder Biopath customer after the transferResearch ExperienceUndergraduate Honors Chemistry Student, Vanderbilt University: Under the mentorship of Dr. Lawrence Schaad (emeritus, Dept. of Chemistry), programmed Cray mainframe computers with FORTRAN in a study that modeled the effects of torsion on the vibrational frequency of the ethylene molecule (January 1991-May 1991)Undergraduate Laboratory Technician, Vanderbilt University: Under the mentorship of Dr. Terry Page (emeritus, Dept. of Biological Sciences), used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to study changes in protein expression during circadian rhythms of the cockroach, Parcoblatta pennsylvanica (August 1993-May 1994)Undergraduate Osteology Student, Vanderbilt University: Under the mentorship of Dr. Brian Hemphill (Dept. of Anthropology; now at Univ. of Alaska), used multivariate analysis of skeletal measurements to characterize the sex, age at death, and maternal status of 600-year-old human remains that had been discovered in eastern Tennessee (January 1994-May 1994)Laboratory Technician, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky: Worked with Dr. Mark Mattson (former Chief of Laboratory of Neurosciences at National Institute on Aging; now at Johns Hopkins Univ.) and Dr. Annadora Bruce-Keller (now Associate Professor at Louisiana State Univ.) on a Alzheimer’s Disease project studying the effects of excitotoxins (e.g. kainic acid) on cell survival in the mouse hippocampus (May 1995-August 1995)The position provided extensive experience with intracranial injections and tissue slicing and staining. Cultured hippocampal cells were also studied with assays of apoptosis (propidium iodide staining and morphological criteria) and Western blots, which observed catalase and hydoxylase expression after excitotoxic insults. Furthermore, the activities of these enzymes were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry after excitotoxic insults.Rotation Student, University of Kentucky: Worked with Dr. Elizabeth Debski (Dept. of Biology) on a project using patch clamp electrophysiology, single-unit field recording, and substance P immunocytochemistry in slices of the frog optic tectum. (September 1995-December 1995)Rotation Student, University of Kentucky: Worked with Dr. Phillip Bonner (emeritus, Dept. of Biology) on a project using co-cultured muscle cells and neurons from the mouse dorsal root ganglia. Microinjection of fluorescein dye looked for gap junctions between the two cell types. (January 1996-May 1996)Rotation Student, University of Kentucky: Worked with Dr. Craig Sergeant (Dept. of Biology)on an ecological behavior project that taught skills in cohort choice assays in fish and evaluated the role of ultraviolet reflectivity in those choices with spectral density measurement (June 1996-August 1996)Rotation Student, University of Kentucky: Worked with Dr. Doug McMahon (Dept. of Physiology; now Chair of Biological Sciences at Vanderbilt) on a project that employed PCR, cloning, and transfection of the rhodopsin gene from different species of fish (June 1996-December 1996)Doctoral Candidate, University of Kentucky: Dissertation work with Dr. Elizabeth Debski (Dept. of Biology) focused on acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and their role in the appropriate targeting of connections between the retina and the brain during early life development (August 1996-August 2000)These studies were performed in the frog optic tectum, a model system for investigating the organization of topographic maps and visual signal processing. Radioligand binding assays and quantitative receptor autoradiography assessed the pharmacology and developmental expression profiles of AChR subtypes. Intracranial implants were then used to chronically deliver drugs that blocked AChR function. Following these chronic treatments, retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells showed whether particular AChR subtypes were important in maintaining the structure of the visual map. A technique for culturing tectal cells was also developed for determining cell phenotypes with immunohistochemistry and studying functional AChRs with perforated and whole-cell patch clamp recordings.Scientific Consultant, Kentucky State Police Forensic Laboratory: Provided initial conception of and contributed to the building of a statistical model that correlated the chemical profiles of Cannabis sativa samples, as determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with the locations of the samples’ origins (May 2000-August 2000)Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado: Postdoctoral experience with Dr. Allan C. Collins (now emeritus) involved four major projects focusing on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR; September 2000-June 2005)1) the potential role of a polymorphism in the ?4 nAChR subunit in nicotine and alcohol abuse, 2) the effects of ethanol, serum albumin, and fatty acids on the kinetics of nAChR function, 3) the effect of null-mutation (“knockout”) of the ?3 nAChR subunit on receptor function, anxiety-like behavior, and biochemical correlates of anxiety, and 4) the effects of genetic background on polygenic phenotypes. Skills in animal care (mice) and surgery (adrenalectomy, intrajugular catheterization) were acquired in addition to the techniques outlined below.Technical skills learned include the neurochemical measurement of ion channel function with agonist-induced 86Rb+ efflux, neurotransmitter release and uptake, and luminescence-based assays; stable transfection of genes into cell lines; enzyme activity assays; genotyping of animals by PCR; measurement of gene transcription levels by quantitative real-time RT-PCR; in vivo physiological assays such as drug-induced hypothermia and drug-induced seizures; radioimmunoassay of compounds contained in blood plasma; and behavioral assays of anxiety (elevated plus maze, Y-maze, open-field arena), withdrawal (handling induced convulsions), and drug preference. Working knowledge of in situ hybridization.Subcontracted Scientific Consultant, CBR International: Provided timely turnaround of batch record review, data analysis, and technical writing on a protocol for the production of a vaccine through a fermentation method. Became familiar with some GLP/GMP regulations (March 2004-April 2004)Assistant Professor of Neuroscience, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine: Principal investigator for continuation of the work outlined above from postdoctoral experience as well as 2 additional projects (July 2005-June 2007) Principal Investigator for collaborative clinical research with ALT Bioscience (Lexington, KY) and Temple University School of Dentistry- Tested a medical device for correlating oral toxins with chronic diseases- Obtained IRB approval and HIPAA certification; managed 1 medical residentPrincipal Investigator for 4 research projects that began at the genome, centered on receptor function, and translated to behaviors related to nicotine and alcohol abuse- Obtained over $200K in NIH, state and intramural funding awards- Collaborated with NIH, Yale, Salk, Univ. of Rochester and Univ. of ColoradoPrincipal Investigator for the preclinical evaluation of the effects of chronic nicotine or chronic ethanol exposure on the expression of C-reactive proteinAppointed as Radiation Safety Officer for the school and acquired NRC licensure for the school to use radioactive materials in researchPrincipal Scientist, Discovery Neuroscience, Martek Biosciences: Planned and coordinated the building of an in vitro/ex vivo preclinical laboratory, the delivery of necessary capital acquisitions, and provided scientific oversight to in-sourced and outsourced experiments (June 2007-December 2010)Provided scientific support to clinical, scientific affairs, commercial and PR groupsFormulated and presented ideas for new research directly to C-level managementDesigned, performed and commissioned in vivo neuroscience experimentsinvolving cognition (Barnes maze, Morris water maze), anxiety (elevated plus maze, open-field arena), depression (Porsolt forced swim test) and ovariectomy in rats. Designed and executed in vitro experiments of neurite extension, neuroprotection, and cell signaling to support new concepts. Work with harvested tissues relied heavily upon the lab’s confocal microscope and robotic capital equipment purchased during the lab's initial build-out. Acquired working knowledge of FDA regulatory requirements for INDs and NDIs Delivered 3 peer-reviewed publications and 7 international presentations Principal Scientist, Biological Models, DSM Nutritional Products: Managed the U.S. preclinical laboratory reporting to Switzerland (December 2010-April 2017)Performed site visits and developed international, national and intercompany relationships with KOLs necessary for the approval and completion of internal and external preclinical projectsCommissioned and interpreted intellectual property landscape searchesAdded capabilities for in vivo and in vitro immunology experiments (e.g. colitis, LPS-stimulated macrophages and microglia)Downsized and reconfigured site with additional capabilities in GC-FID, HPLC, and mass spectrometryAdded capital equipment and capabilities in the analysis of bone density and body composition via peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and NMR spectroscopy, respectively.Additional responsibilities as Site Director (October 2013-present) and Radiation Safety Officer (August 2015-present) include worksite safety, facility operations and budgets, and all associated documentation and justifications Delivered findings at 1 press conference and 10 international conferences Co-authored 1 granted patent, 3 patent applications, 2 book chapters and 7 peer-reviewed publicationsPrincipal Scientist II, Translational Biology, DSM Nutritional Products: Managed the U.S. preclinical laboratory reporting to the Global Head of R&D (May 2017-December 2017)De-risked R&D by leading the development of computer modeling (i.e. in silico screening) to find patentable line extensions for existing productsDelivered findings at 2 international conferencesCo-authored 1 peer-reviewed publicationR&D Business Segment Lead, DSM Nutritional Products: Provide scientific oversight, champion ideas, and expand capabilities in the development of the nervous, immune, bone and gut systems during childhood (January 2018-January 2020)Saved >$1M by delivering data that indicated a molecule did not perform as claimedDelivered >$250K for merging digital information with mini-brain technologies to assess genetic effects on molecular function and to find new targets for product developmentDeveloped external capabilities in proteomics, in mini-lung and mini-heart systems, and in developmental immunologyPresented findings at 2 international conferencesCo-authored 1 granted patent, 2 patent applications and 1 peer-reviewed publicationObtained certification in Good Clinical Practices (GCP)Vice President of Research, CNS/Neuroscience, Bolder Biopath: Provide scientific oversight, customer guidance, and technical expertise to neuroscience-related work within the environment of a contract research organization (CRO). Rebuild and organize the neuroscience laboratory and its capabilities. (January 2020-Present)Awards and HonorsDean’s List (Vanderbilt Univ., May 1991, May 1994)Alpha Lambda Delta, Phi Eta Sigma (Academic Honor Societies; Vanderbilt Univ., May 1991)President, Cycling club (Vanderbilt Univ., May 1993-May 1994)Teaching assistantship in the Department of Biological Sciences (Vanderbilt Univ., January 1994-May 1994)Teaching assistantship in the Department of Biology (Univ. of KY, May 1995-May 1996)Best Poster Award, Spring Neuroscience Day (Univ. of KY, May 1998)NIMH Predoctoral fellowship (MH19917) under the Behavioral Ecology and Comparative Neurobiology (BEACON) program (Univ. of KY, August 1996-July 1998)Research assistantship from Dr. Elizabeth Debski (Univ. of KY, August 1998-August 2000)Received training in electrophysiology at Yale University (under Dr. Martha Constantine-Paton; n.b. now emerita at MIT) with funding from a Ribble grant (Univ. of KY, April 1999)Leon Golberg Postdoctoral Fellowship, Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Duke University (Durham, NC, March 2000). Declined.NIAAA Postdoctoral fellowship (AA07464) from the Alcohol Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Univ. of CO Health Sciences Research Center (Denver, CO, October 2000-September 2001)Travel fellowship to attend the conference entitled “Genes and Gene Delivery for Diseases of Alcoholism” (Univ. of NC, Chapel Hill, May 2001)Professional Research Associateship from Dr. Allan C. Collins (Univ. of CO, October 2001-April 2002; May 2004-June 2005)Invited speaker, panelist, and travel fellow at the conference of Institutional Research Training Programs of the NIAAA (Indiana Univ./Purdue Univ. at Indianapolis, December 2001)NRSA Postdoctoral fellowship from NIAAA (AA13465; May 2002-April 2004)Served as an external reviewer of projects performed at the Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center (April 2004)Appointed as Radiation Safety Officer at the West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine (August 2005)Served on Radiation Safety Committee (August 2005-June 2007), 5 faculty search committees (October 2005-May 2007), and 1 departmental technician search committee (June 2005) at WVSOMElected to and served on WVSOM Network Oversight Committee (May 2005-June 2007)Invited reviewer of abstracts submitted for the annual meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (October 2006)Invited speaker, panelist, and session moderator at the research conference of the American Osteopathic Association (San Diego, CA; September 2007)Invited speaker and panelist at the 14th annual Canine Cognition, Aging and Neuropathology Conference (Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, CAN; September 2009)Certificate of Achievement: Innovation, DSM Nutritional Products, September 2010Certificate of Achievement: 5 Years of Dedicated Service, DSM Nutritional Products, June 2012Invited Speaker and Panelist at a press conference on adolescence during the international meeting of the Society for Neuroscience (New Orleans, LA; October 2012)Invited reviewer of grant applications submitted for the Florida Translational Research Program at the Sanford-Burnham Institute (Orlando, FL; October 2013-December 2016)Invited host and mentor for "Career Development Topics: A Mentoring and Networking Event" at the international meeting of the Society for Neuroscience (San Diego, CA, November 2013; Washington, DC, November 2014; Chicago, IL, October 2015; San Diego, CA, November 2016; Washington, DC, November 2017; San Diego, CA, November 2018; Chicago, IL, October 2019)Invited Attendee: Inaugural US DSM Innovation Master Class “Market Understanding.” (Parsippany, NJ; October 2014)Invited Attendee: AMA Finance for Non-Financial Managers (Columbia, MD; November 2014)Invited Lead Guest Editor for a special issue in Biomedical Research International, “The Pharmacodynamics of Nutrients and Nutrient Interactions in Biological Functions.” (January 2015)Invited Attendee: DSM Innovation Master Class “Opportunity Engineering” (Parsippany, NJ; September 2015)Invited Panelist: The Konkussion Retreat (Toronto, CAN; September 2015)Invited Attendee: DSM Innovation Master Class “High Performance Teams” (Parsippany, NJ; October 2015)Certificate of Achievement: 10 Years of Dedicated Service, DSM Nutritional Products, June 2017Invited Speaker and Panelist, Algal Biomass Organization (Salt Lake City, UT; October 2017)Invited Speaker, Amway Global Wellness Clinical Summit (Buena Park, CA; June 2018)Intellectual Property Award, DSM Nutritional Products, October 2018CPR/AED certification, American Heart Association, April 2019Good Clinical Practices certification, June 2019Ad hoc reviewer for the Canadian SickKids Foundation, Developmental Neuroscience, European Journal of Pediatrics, Experimental Neurology, Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal of Nutrition, Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Lipids, Molecular Biology Reports, Neurobiology of Aging, Neuroscience, Nicotine and Tobacco Research, Nutrients, Pathophysiology, and Tobacco Induced Diseases Grant SupportNIH/NIMH Predoctoral Traineeship: MH19917 Behavioral Ecology and Comparative Neurobiology (BEACON) training program, Univ. of Kentucky. August 1996-July 1998.Ribble internal grant award, Univ. of Kentucky. April, 1999.NIH/NIAAA NRSA Postdoctoral Fellowship: AA13465 “Nicotinic receptor polymorphisms and ethanol sensitivity.” May 2002-April 2004.Principal Investigator, WVSOM Internal Grant Award(s). “Modulation of chronic alcohol effects by a nicotinic receptor polymorphism” and “The ?3 nicotinic subunit & the pharmacogenetics of addiction-related phenotypes” July 2005-June 2007.Principal Investigator, NIH/NIAAA AA016641. “Modulation of chronic alcohol effects by a nicotinic receptor polymorphism.” May 2007-April 2010. Declined.Principal Investigator, WV NSF EPSCoR program. “The ?3 nicotinic subunit & the pharmacogenetics of addiction-related phenotypes.” April 2007-April 2008. Declined.Professional SocietiesSociety for Neuroscience (1997-present)Research Society on Alcoholism (2007-2013)Front Range Neuroscience Group (2007-present)International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids (2010-present)Rocky Mountain Regional Neuroscience Group (2013-present)Community ServiceHabitat for Humanity; Nashville, TN (April 1991-May 1992)Volunteer support technician at the Indiana Surgery Center; Indianapolis, IN (summers of 1992 and 1993)March of Dimes; Nashville, TN (August 1993-May 1994)Neighborhood Watch Block Captain, Arapahoe Ridge Homeowners Association; Erie, CO (November 2001-May 2005)Grant writer for the Greenbrier Conservation Land Trust in its efforts to build trails that would eventually connect the Greenbrier River Trail directly to Lewisburg, WV (September 2006-June 2007).Volunteer service on the Design Review Committee of the Arapahoe Ridge Homeowners Association; Erie, CO (October 2008-March 2018)Volunteer U7-U9 soccer coach, Lafayette Recreational Center, Lafayette, CO (March 2009-October 2010)Scientific Consultant, Partners in Food Solutions (2013-2020)Invited LecturesConference of Institutional Research Training Programs of the NIAAA (Indiana Univ./Purdue Univ. at Indianapolis, December 2001). “Ethanol and Bovine Serum Albumin Alter the Effects of Endogenous Inhibitors of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors."Abbott Laboratories (Abbott Park, IL, April 2004). “Potential role of a nicotinic receptor polymorphism in nicotine and ethanol sensitivity.”OSI Pharmaceuticals (Boulder, CO, April 2004). “Molecular, genetic, and behavioral approaches to understanding phenotypes related to drug abuse.”Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, July 2004). “The potential role of a nicotinic receptor polymorphism in nicotine- and ethanol-related phenotypes.”West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine (Lewisburg, WV, January 2005). “Structure and function of a nicotinic receptor subtype and its relationship to nicotine and alcohol abuse.”Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis (Indianapolis, IN, February 2005). “Effects of a nicotinic receptor subtype in models of nicotine and alcohol abuse.”University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY, April 2006). “A nicotinic receptor polymorphism and its role in nicotine- and alcohol-related phenotypes.”Martek Biosciences (Columbia, MD, April 2007; Boulder, CO, May 2007). “The pharmacogenetics of some nicotinic receptor subtypes and their potential roles in addiction-related phenotypes.”American Osteopathic Association Research Conference (San Diego, CA, September 2007). “Chronic Environmental Stressors.”University of Northern Colorado (Greeley, CO, January 2008). “A nicotinic receptor polymorphism and its role in nicotine- and alcohol-related phenotypes.”14th annual Canine Cognition, Aging and Neuropathology Conference (Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada, September 2009). “Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in development and aging.”University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY, April 2010). “Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in development and aging.”Press conference at the 41st annual Society for Neuroscience meeting (New Orleans, LA, October 2012). "Diet appears to impact depression-like symptoms in adolescent rat study."International meeting of the Algal Biomass Organization (Salt Lake City, UT, October 2017). “Human health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids in algal oils.”Amway Global Wellness Clinical Summit (Buena Park, CA, June 2018). “Ideas to market: the R&D to commercialization journey.” PublicationsPatents1. Butt, C.M. and Zimmer, J.P. (2014) Maternal sialic acid supplementation. DSM IP AssetsB.V. US Grant number US8703716B2.2. Butt, C.M. and Weiser, M.J. (2018) Methods and Compositions Comprising 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid. DSM IP Assets B.V. US Grant number US10004711B2.Patent Applications1. Butt, C.M. and Weiser, M.J. (2014) Marketing N-methylserotonin and related substances foruse in treating/lessening the occurrence of hot flashes related to menopause. DSM IPAssets B.V. US application number 14/162,875.2. Butt, C.M. and Weiser, M.J. (2014) N-methylserotonin and related substances for use intreating/lessening the occurrence of hot flashes related to menopause. US applicationnumber 14/761,834.3. Butt, C.M., Riegger, C. and Wynalda, K (2016) Curcumin and resveratrol for chronicinflammation. US application number US20180333371A1.4. Salem, N., Celi, P., Butt, C.M. and Schwager, J. (2018) Use of sophorolipids. Internationalpublication number WO 2019/023323A1.5. Butt, C.M., Celi, P. and Salem, N. (2018) Use of sophorolipids as a feed additive.International publication number WO 2019/020578A1.Book Chapters1. Butt, C.M. and Salem, N. Jr. (2015) Mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inneurodevelopment and brain protection. In Dietary Supplements in Health Promotion,(Wallace, T., ed.), pp. 207-238. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.2. Butt, C.M. and Salem, N. Jr. (2016) Fish and fish oil for the aging brain. In Fish and Fish OilHealth and Disease Prevention, (Bibus, D., Raatz, S., and Sprecher, J. eds.), pp. 143-158. Elsevier Science B. V., Amsterdam.Journal Articles1. Bruce, A.J., Bose, S., Fu, W., Butt, C.M., Mirault, M.-E., Taniguchi, N., and Mattson, M.P.(1997). Amyloid??-peptide alters the profile of antioxidant enzymes in hippocampalcultures in a manner similar to that observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Pathogenesis 1:15-30.2. Tu, S., Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R., and Debski, E.A. (2000) Activity-dependent regulation ofsubstance P expression and topographic map maintenance by a cholinergic pathway. J. Neurosci. 20(14): 5346-5357.3. Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R., and Debski, E.A. (2000) Distribution and development of nicotinicacetylcholine receptor subtypes in the optic tectum of Rana pipiens. J. Comp. Neurol. 423(4): 603-618.4. Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R., Wilkins, L.H., Dwoskin, L.P., and Debski, E.A. (2001) Pharmacology, distribution, and development of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in the optic tectum of Rana pipiens. Neurosci. 104(1): 161-179. 5. Balogh, S.A., Owens, J.C., Butt, C.M., Wehner, J.M., and Collins, A.C. (2002) Animal modelsas a tool for studying mechanisms of co-abuse of alcohol and tobacco. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 26(12): 1911-1914. Review.6. Butt, C.M., Zhao, B., Duncan, M.J., and Debski, E.A. (2002) Sculpting the visual map: thedistribution and function of serotonin-1a and serotonin-1b receptors in the optic tectum of the frog. Brain Res. 931(1): 21-31. 7. Butt, C.M., Hutton, S.R., Marks, M.J., and Collins, A.C. (2002) Bovine serum albuminenhances nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function in mouse thalamic synaptosomes. J. Neurochem. 83(1): 48-56.8. Yu, C., Butt, C.M., and Debski, E.A. (2003) Bidirectional modulation of visual plasticity by Cholinergic receptor subtypes. Eur. J. Neurosci. 17(6): 1253-1265.9. Butt, C.M., Hutton, S.R., Stitzel, J.A., Balogh, S.A., Owens, J.C., and Collins, A.C. (2003) A polymorphism in the ?4 nicotinic receptor gene (Chrna4) modulates enhancement ofnicotinic receptor function by ethanol. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 27(5): 733-742.10. Cui, C., Booker, T.K., Allen, R.S., Grady, S.R., Whiteaker, P., Tritto, T., Marks, M.J., Allen,W.R., Salminen, O., Butt, C.M., Stitzel, J.A., McIntosh, J.M., Boulter, J., Collins, A.C., and Heinemann, S.F. (2003) The 3 nicotinic receptor subunit: A component of?-conotoxin MII-binding nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that modulate dopamine release and related behaviors. J. Neurosci. 23(35): 11045-11053.11. Owens, J.C., Balogh, S.A., McClure-Begley, T.D., Butt, C.M., Labarca, C., Lester, H.A.,Picciotto, M.R., Wehner, J.M., and Collins, A.C. (2003) ?4?2* Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate the effects of ethanol on the acoustic startle response. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 27(12): 1867-1875. 12. Butt, C.M., King, N.M., Stitzel, J.A., and Collins, A.C. (2004) Interaction of the nicotiniccholinergic system with ethanol withdrawal. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308(2): 591-599.13. Butt, C.M., King, N.M., Hutton, S.R., Collins, A.C., and Stitzel, J.A. (2005) Modulation of nicotine but not ethanol preference by the mouse Chrna4 A529T polymorphism. Behav. Neurosci. 119(1): 26-37.14. Yan, X., Zhao, B., Butt, C.M., and Debski, E.A. (2006) Nicotine exposure refines visual map topography through an NMDA receptor-mediated pathway. Eur. J. Neurosci. 24: 3026-3042.15. Booker, T.K., Butt, C.M., Wehner, J.M., Heinemann, S.F., Collins, A.C. (2007) Decreasedanxiety-like behavior in beta3 nicotinic receptor subunit knockout mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.87(1):146-157.16. Butt, C., Alptekin, A., Shippenburg, T., and Oz, M. (2008) Endogenous cannabinoidAnandamide inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function in mouse thalamic synaptosomes. J. Neurochem. 105(4):1235-1243.17. McClure-Begley, T.D., King, N.M., Collins, A.C., Stitzel, J.A., Wehner, J.M., and Butt, C.M. (2009) Acetylcholine-stimulated [3H]GABA release from mouse brain synaptosomes is modulated by α4β2 and α4α5β2 nicotinic receptor subtypes. Mol. Pharmacol. 75(4):918-926.18. Tyburczy, C., Kothapalli, K.S., Park, W.J., Blank, B.S., Bradford, K.L., Zimmer, J.P., Butt, C.M., Salem, N., and Brenna, J.T. (2011) Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietaryarachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids.85(6):335-343.19. Wijendran, V., Downs, I., Srigley, C.T., Kothapalli, K.S., Park, W.J., Blank, B.S., Zimmer, J.P.,?Butt, C.M., Salem, N. Jr., and Brenna, J.T. (2013) Dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid regulate liver fatty acid desaturase (FADS) alternative transcript expression in suckling piglets. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 89(5):345-50.20. Weiser, M.J., Wynalda, K.M., Salem, N. Jr., and Butt, C.M. (2015) Dietary DHA during Development affects depression-like behaviors and biomarkers that emerge after puberty in adolescent rats. J. Lipid Res. 56(1):151-66.21. Marks, M.J., O'Neill, H.C., Wynalda-Camozzi, K.M., Ortiz, N.C., Simmons, E.E., Short, C.A., Butt, C.M., McIntosh, J.M., and Grady, S.R. (2015) Chronic treatment with varenicline Changes expression of four nAChR binding sites in mice. Neuropharmacology. 99:142-55.22. Jha, N.K. Cantu, R., Gennarelli, T., Tator, C., Bailes, J.E., Giza, C., Williams, V., Pieroth, E., Fischer, L., Gandy, S., Devick, S., Basile, V.S., Ellis, M.J., Moser, R.S., Small, G.W.,Raikes, A., Bulfon, S., Boddener, S., Mihalik, J.P., Ritchie, L., Kontos, A., Massicotte, E., Hrusovsky, K., Neary, P., Ptito, A., Schatz, P., Butt, C.M., Dickstein, D.L., Hotz, G., Fremont, P., Logan, L., Mandarino, J., Pace, A., Mazza, P., Voudouris, A., Morton, T., Mester, S., and Atherton, C. (2015) Solving the concussion crisis: practical solutions (Consensus – 2015). Curr Res Concussion. 2(3): 68-80.23. Mohajeri, M.H., Eckert, G.P., Pauly, J.R. and Butt, C.M. (2015) Pharmacology: Thepharmacodynamics of nutrients and nutrient interactions in biological functions. Biomed Res Int. 2015:974572.24. Weiser, M.J., Butt, C.M., and Mohajeri, M.H. (2016) Docosahexaenoic acid and cognition throughout the lifespan. Nutrients. 8(2): 99-139. Review.25. Butt, C.M., Harrison, J., Rowe, R., Jones, J., Salem, N., Lifshitz, J., Pauly, J. (2017) Selective reduction of brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) after experimental brain injury and mitigation of neuroinflammatory outcomes with dietary DHA. Curr Res Concussion. 4: e38-e54.26. Weiser, M.J., Grimshaw, V., Wynalda, K.M., Mohajeri, M.H. and Butt, C.M. (2018) Long-term administration of queen bee acid (QBA) to rodents reduces anxiety-like behavior, promotes neuronal health and improves body composition. Nutrients. 10(1): 13-33.Abstracts1. Wassmer, G.T., Kang, A., Butt, C., and Page, T.L. (1994). The effect of melatonin on the hemolymph proteins of the woodroach Parcoblatta pennsylvanica. Society for Researchon Biological Rhythms Abstracts. Number 31.2. Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R., and Debski, E.A. (1997). Muscarinic receptor subtypes in the frogoptic tectum. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 23: 1160.3. Debski, E.A., Butt, C.M., and Duncan, M.J. (1998). Localization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors in the optic tectum of Rana pipiens. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 24: 603.4. Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R. and Debski, E.A. (1998). Synaptic location of putative muscarinic subtypes in the retinotectal system of Rana pipiens. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 24: 1395.5. Butt, C.M., Pauly, J.R., and Debski, E.A. (1999). Distribution of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in the optic tectum of Rana pipiens. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 25: 980.6. Butt, C.M., Marks, M.J., and Collins, A.C. (2001) Ethanol changes nicotinic receptor function in mouse brain synaptosomes. Presented at the Genes and Gene Delivery for Diseases of Alcoholism symposium of the Research Society on Alcoholism (Univ. of NC, Chapel Hill, May, 2001).7. Butt, C.M., Marks, M.J., and Collins, A.C. (2001) Ethanol and bovine serum albumin alter the effects of endogenous inhibitors of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function. Presented at the meeting of Institutional Research Training Programs of the NIAAA (Indiana Univ./Purdue Univ. at Indianapolis, December, 2001).8. Collins, A.C., Owens, J., Butt, C., Balogh, S.A., Wehner, J.M., and Stitzel, J.A. (2002) Genetic strategies identify potential sites of alcohol-nicotine interactions. Presented at the annual meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism (San Francisco, CA, June, 2002).9. Owens, J.C., Balogh, S.A., Butt, C.M., Labarca, C., Lester, H.A., Piccioto, M.R., Wehner, J.M., and Collins, A.C. (2002) Nicotine and ethanol-induced hypothermia in ?4 and ?2 nicotinic receptor subunit mutant mice. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 26(5): 142A.10. Balogh, S.A., Owens, J.C., Butt, C.M., Labarca, C., Lester, H.A., Piccioto, M.R., Wehner, J.M., and Collins, A.C. (2002) The effects of ethanol on acoustic startle are modulated by the neuronal nicotinic receptor ?4 subunit. Alcohol Clin. Exp.Res. 26(5): 142A.11. Butt, C.M., Hutton, S.R., King, N.M., Balogh, S.A., Owens, J.C., Marks, M.J., and Collins, A.C. (2002) Potential association of a nicotinic receptor polymorphism with mouse strain differences in ethanol sensitivity and withdrawal. Alcohol Clin. Exp.Res. 26(5): 100A.12. Butt, C.M., Barbieri, D.M., King, N.M., Hutton, S.R., Booker, T.K., Heinemann, S.F., and Collins, A.C. (2003) Genetic background affects phenotypes of anxiety observed after knockout of the ?3 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, February, 2003 (New Orleans, LA).13. Debski, E.A., Zhao, B., and Butt, C.M. (2003) Nicotine exposure compresses the visual map in the optic tectum of Rana pipiens. Program No. 37.26. 2003 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner.Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 14. Butt, C.M., King, N.M., and Collins, A.C. (2003) Potential association of a nicotinic receptor polymorphism with ethanol effects on nicotinic receptor desensitization. Program No. 417.10. 2003 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 15. Butt, C.M., King, N.M., Sterling, C.R., Tank, A.W., Collins, A.C. and Wehner, J.M. (2004) Tyrosine hydroxylase activity and genetic background effects on phenotypes observed in mice lacking the ?3 nicotinic subunit. Program No. 48.20. 2004 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 16. Stitzel, J.A., Brooks, J.C., Karadsheh, M.S., Flanagan, B.A., Horton, W.J. and Butt, C.M. (2005) Modulation of ?4?2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by cdk5. Program No. 722.6. 2005 AbstractViewer and Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 17. Butt, C.M., King, N.M., Lauderbaugh, A.M., Wehner, J.M. and Collins, A.C. (2005) Role of ?4, ?5, and ?2 nicotinic subunits in acetylcholine-stimulated [3H]?-aminobutyric acid release from thalamic, striatal, and hippocampal synaptosomes. Program No. 953.13. 2005 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . Collins, A.C., Butt, C.M., and Wehner, J.M. (2006) Ethanol alters the in vitro activities of Neuronal nicotinic receptors and behaviors modulated by these receptors. Presented at the international meeting of the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism (Sydney, Australia, September, 2006).19. McClure-Begley, T.D., Butt, C.M., King, N.M., and Collins, A.C. (2006) Regional variation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit composition modulating GABA release in the mouse. Program No. 326.3. 2006 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Atlanta, GA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 20. Butt, C.M., VanEngelenburg, S., Lee, M.J., and Booker, T.K. (2006) Stress, exploratory behavior, and tyrosine hydroxylase regulation in mice lacking the ?3 nicotinic subunit. Program No. 326.20. 2006 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Atlanta, GA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 21. Nash, J.E., Sharma, M., McClure-Begley, T.D., Williams, J.A., Moon, K.C., Collins, A.C. and Butt, C.M. (2007) A nicotinic polymorphism potentially modulates the effects of chronic drug exposure on [3H]GABA release and ethanol/nicotine consumption. Abstract # 003. Alcohol Clin. Exp.Res. 31(6): 9A. Nominated for the Enoch Gordis Student Research Award at the 2007 meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism (Chicago, IL).22. Nash, J.E., Salminen, O., Grady, S.R., Sharma, M., Moon, K.C., Booker, T.K., and Butt, C.M. (2007) Mice lacking the beta3 nicotinic subunit exhibit differences in nicotine-stimulated [3H]dopamine release and nicotine consumption that depend on genetic interactions.? Program No. 781.17. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 23. Oz, M., Butt, C., Alptekin, A., and Shippenberg, T. (2007) The endogenous cannabinoidanandamide inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function in mouse thalamic synaptosomes. Program No. 39.21. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 24. Booker, T.K., Vlasveld, A., Fouquier, J., Butt, C.M., and Heinemann, S.F. (2007) Beta3-Containing nicotinic receptors mediate the effects of acute nicotine on anxiety. Program No. 275.2. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 25. Florez-McClure, M.L., Garrison, A.E., and Butt, C.M. (2009) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is neuroprotective and increases neurite extension in several brain cell subtypes. Presented at the Keystone Conference on Neurogenerative Diseases (Keystone, CO; February 2009).26. Florez-McClure, M.L., Garrison, A.E., and Butt, C.M. (2009) Selectivity of the protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the N2A neuronal cell line. Program No. 153.10. 2009 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 27. Butt, C.M. (2010) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in development and aging. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research. 5(3): 155. Presented at the 14th Canine Cognition, Aging and Neuropathology Conference (Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, CAN; September 2009).28. Garrison, A.E., Weiser, M.J., Zimmer, J.P. and Butt, C.M. (2011) Supplementation of theMaternal diet with free sialic acid increases neurite growth and white matter maturation in the offspring. Program No. 335.15. 2011 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . Weiser, M.J., Butt, C.M., Raman, K., Tarwade, V. and Salem, N. Jr. (2012) Very long chainpolyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC PUFAs) protect both neural- and retinal-derived cellsfrom age-related damage. 2012 ISSFAL Congress Abstracts. p.91. Vancouver, BC, CAN: ISSFAL. Online. . 30. Butt, C.M., Lifshitz, J., Jones, J.P., Salem, N. and Pauly, J.R. (2012) Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) improves behavioral and biomarker outcomes when provided before or after experimental diffuse brain injury. Program No. 555.12. 2012 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. New Orleans, LA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 31. Weiser, M.J., Garrison, A.E., Butt, C.M., and Salem, N. (2012) Dietary supplementation withDHA improves depression-like behaviors that emerge during puberty. Program No. 522.07. 2012 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. New Orleans, LA: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . Selected as SfN 2012 Hot Topic.32. Weiser, M., Garrison, A., Mohajeri H., and Butt, C. (2013) Dietary N-methylserotoninregulates skin temperature in a female rat model of menopause-related hot flash. Presented at the IUNS 20th International Congress of Nutrition (Granada, ESP). Ann Nutr Metab 63(suppl 1):1687, PO2951.33. Butt, C.M, Weiser, M.J., Wynalda, K.M., Mohajeri, M.H., and Salem, N. Jr. (2014) Dietary queen bee acid reduces anxiety and stress-related weight loss in aged male rats. Program No. 323.06. 2014 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 34. Weiser, M.J., Mohajeri, M.H., and Butt, C.M. (2014) Dietary N-methylserotonin from Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum) regulates skin temperature in a female rat model of menopause-related hot flash Program No. 169.03. 2014 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . 35. Weiser, M.J., Grimshaw, V., Wynalda, K., Mohajeri, M.H., and Butt, C.M. (2015) N-methylserotonin from Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum), soy isoflavones, black cohosh extract, and combinations thereof regulate skin temperature in a female rat model of menopause-related hot flash. Control No. 9810. 2015 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . Selected as SfN 2015 Hot Topic.36. Butt, C.M., Weiser, M.J., Wynalda-Camozzi, K., Grimshaw, V. and Salem, N. Jr. (2016)Essentiality and optimal ratios of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for primary hippocampal neurons and primary cortical microglia in vitro. 2016ISSFAL Congress Abstracts. Session 24.05. Abstract # 723-000187. Stellenbosch, South Africa: ISSFAL. Online. 37. Butt, C.M., Weiser, M.J., Wynaldo-Camozzi, K., Grimshaw, V. and Salem, N. Jr. (2017)Essentiality of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in primary neurons, microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Program No. 30.03. 2017 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience. Online. . ................
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