STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE



STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

Department of Neurosurgery

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Heng Zhao, Ph.D.

Associate Professor

Stanford University School of Medicine

Departments of Neurosurgery and Biological Sciences

MSLS Bldg., P352

1201 Welch Rd., P352

Stanford, CA 94305-5487

Phone: (650)725-7723

Fax: (650)498-4134

Email: hzhao@stanford.edu

Key words/Areas of interest

Stroke, cerebral ischemia, hypothermia, ischemic preconditioning, ischemic

postconditioning, remote preconditioning, neuroinflammation, stroke induced immunodepression, neuronal death, gene therapy

Education and Academic Training

2000-2003 Postdoctoral fellow: Department of Biological Sciences and Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Mentors: Robert Sapolsky, Gary Steinberg

1999 Ph.D. Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Mentor: Koichi Ishikawa

1990 M.Sc. West China University of Medical Sciences School of

Pharmacy, Chengdu, China

Mentor: Chengke Xie

1987 B.S. West China University of Medical Sciences School of

Pharmacy, Chengdu, China

Professional Experience

2013- Associate Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University

2006-2013 Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University

2005-2006 Instructor, Department of Neurosurgery and Biological Sciences, Stanford University

2003-2005 Research Associate, Department of Neurosurgery and Biological Sciences, Stanford University

1996-2000 Research fellow/PhD candidate, Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan

1995-1996 Director, Department of Drug Development, Beijing Sino Ultra-micro Pharmaceutical Corporation

1992-1995 Researcher/Pharmacist, Department of Drug Analysis, Beijing Municipal Institute for Drug Control, Beijing, China

1990-1992 Researcher/ Pharmacist, Department of Pharmacognosy, Beijing Municipal Institute for Drug Control, Beijing, China

Journal Editorial Board

Translational Stroke Research

Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol

PLoS One

Aging and Disease

Ad-hoc reviewer

2012 -2017 Ad hoc VA merit review, Neurobiology –C (NURC) panel

2013-2017 Permanent FACA membership, U.S. Department of Veterans Affair

2013-2016 AHA Peer Review Committee, Brain-Stroke Bas Sci 03

2016,NIH/NINDS, The BDCN N51 R (US-China Collaborative Biomedical research Study section)., July 21, 2016

Ad-hoc referee of more than 45 international journals, including Brain, Stroke, Circulation, J Cereb Blood Flow & Metabolism, J. Neurochemistry, Neuroscience, Progress in Neurobiology.

Research Awards

Active:

1. Protective mechanisms of ischemic postconditioning

NIH 2R01 NS064136, 2015-2020

Principal Investigator: Heng Zhao

2. Beijing Tongrentang Pharmaceutical Company

Protective effects of An-gong-niu-huang pill on BBB, neuroinflammation and immunosuppression after stroke in mice 2018 – 2020

Past:

1. Protective mechanisms of ischemic postconditioning

NIH 1 R01 NS064136-01A1 2010-2015

Principal Investigator: Heng Zhao

2. PRAS40 gene knockout mechanisms that exacerbate brain infarction after stroke in mice WSA(AHA)

2011 Grant-in-Aid 11GRNT7430053 2011-2013

Principal Investigator: Heng Zhao

3. Mild Hypothermic Neuroprotection for Cerebral Ischemia (NIH)

NIH R01 NS027292-03 2005–2012

Co-Principal Investigator

Principal Investigator: Gary Steinberg

4. Center for Cerebrovascular Disease

NIH 2 P01 NS037520-02 2004–2009

Co-investigator

Principal Investigator: Gary Steinberg

5. Protection Against Focal Stroke by Ischemic Preconditioning: Roles

of the Akt Pathway and Synergy With Mild Hypothermia

AHA National Scientist Development Grant 0730113N 2006-2010

Principal Investigator: Heng Zhao

6. Postconditioning to reduce ischemic damage after stroke in rats

NIH 1R21057750-01A2 2008-2011

Principal Investigator: Heng Zhao

Professional Awards:

1. Third place for poster presentation, 8th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program, 2005.

2. Review article honorarium, Society of International Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolisms, 2007

3. Teaching bonus for the course of Experimental Stroke, Stanford University, 2009-2014.

Honor

Beijing Municipal Special Expert

Invited Presentations

Invited Speaker, International:

1. School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, July 15, 2006

2. West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, Oct.3, 2007.

3. School of Medicine, Hongkong University, China, Aug. 9, 2009

4. Gulou Hospital, Nanjing University, China, Aug. 12, 2009

5. 2009 International Conference on Brain Diseases: Basic and Clinical Aspects, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China, Aug. 14-16, 2009

6. Shanghai Jiantong University, Shanghai, China, Oct. 26, 2011

7. The Fifth Chongqing International Neuroscience Symposium, Chong Qing, China, Oct.28-30, 2011

8. Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University, May 14, 2013, Hangzhou, China

9. Neuroscience Meeting (Society for Neuroscience), Nov. 11, San Diego,2013

10. International Stroke conference, San Diego, Feb. 14, 2014

11. Sino-USA joint Pangu stroke conference, Beijing, Oct.10-12, 2014

12. International Aging and Disease conference, Beijing, Nov.1-2, 2014

13. Beijing International Anesthesia Conference, Beijing, Nov.8, 2014

14. SFN annual conference, Washington DC, Nov.19, 2014

15. Beijing Tiantan International Neurosurgical Anesthesia Symposium (TINAS), Beijing, China, May 15-18, 2015.

16. Wenzhou Medical School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Oct. 21, 2016.

17. Zhejiang Anesthesia Conference, Oct. 28-30, 2016, Hangzhou, China.

18. The 5th Pan Gu Stroke Conference, Hangzhou, China, Oct. 22, 2016

19. The 4th international conference on conditioning strategies for neurological disorders, Suzhou, China, Nov.13-14, 2016.

20. 2016 International Forum on Geriatric and Neurological Precision Medicine in Beijing, China, Dec.10, 2016.

National:

1. Preconditioning Workshop, University of Michigan, July 24th, 2009

2. SFN satellite symposium of the Neurotoxicity Society, Loyola University Chicago Medical Center, October 16, 2009

3. Translational Preconditioning Meeting, Miami, December 8, 2011

Regional and Other Invited Presentations:

1. Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, March 22, 2004

2. Protective Effects of Gene Therapy and Hypothermia in Experimental Stroke, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Jun 16, 2004

3. Department of Neurosciences, The University of Florida, Feb. 25, 2005

4. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, Oct. 11, 2005

5. Loma Linda University, California, Aug.22, 2008.

6. University of Wisconsin at Madison, June 26, 2009

7. Texas Tech University, El Paso, July 29, 2010

8. Georgia Health University, Augusta, Georgia, Sept.9, 2010

9. Georgia Health University, Augusta, Georgia, Dec.9, 2010

10. UCSF，Dec.9, 2014

Oral presentations in recent national and international academic conferences:

1. Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss in peri-infarct regions following experimental, 26th International Stroke Conference, Feb. 14-16, 2001, Fort Lauderdale, Florida

2. Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for Bcl-2 gene therapy, Congress of Neurological Surgeons 51st Annual Meeting, September 29-October 4, 2001, San Diego, California

3. Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for gene therapy, 27th International Stroke Conference, Feb 7-9, 2002, San Antonio, Texas

4. Bcl-2 protects against non-apoptotic neuron death, SFN Annual Meeting, November 2-7, 2002, Orlando, FL

5. HSV-mediated Bcl-2 transfection blocks apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) Translocation after Focal Ischemic in Rat, 28th International Stroke Conference, Feb 13-15, 203, Phoenix, Arizona

6. Apoptosis inducing factor translocation is inhibited by HSV-mediated Bcl-2 transfection after stroke in rats, 53rd Annual Meeting of Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Denver, Colorado, Oct, 20, 2003

7. Both caspase-dependent and AIF-dependent apoptotic pathways are blocked by mild hypothermia after global ischemia in rats, 53rd Annual Meeting of Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Denver, Colorado, Oct, 20, 2003

8. Both mild hypothermia and a caspase inhibitor block the second phase of cytochrome C release after global ischemia, 7th AANS/CNS Joint Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, Feb. 2, 2004

9. Mild hypothermia inhibits cytochrome C/caspase-mediated apoptosis after global cerebral ischemia in rats, Feb 5-7. 2004, 29th International Stroke Conference, San Diego, CA

10. Hypothermia Blocks Nuclear –catenin Translocation Downstream of GSK3 beta in Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:16, 2006

11. Role of the Akt Survival Signal Pathway in the Protective Effect of Postconditioning Against Focal Ischemia in Rat, International Stroke Conference, San Francisco, CA

12. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway abolishes the protective effect of postconditioning against focal ischemia in rat, Brain oral 9, Brain 07, Osaka, May 20-24, 2007

13. Remote preconditioning in the limb reduces infarction in focal ischemia in rats, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 116.8.

14. Both postconditioning and gradual reperfusion reduce infarct after stroke in rats, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 116.5 9.

15. Nerve pathways contribute to the protective effect of remote preconditioning against focal ischemia, Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 413.1, 2008

16. The protective effects of ischemic postconditioning on potential inflammatory factors involved in focal ischemia in rats, Brain 09, Chicago, 2009.

17. The protective effects of T cell deficiency against brain injury are ischemic model-dependent in nude rats, Society for Neuroscience, 2012, New Orleans,

18. mTOR cell signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, November 10, 2013 in Room 32B in the San Diego

19. NADPH oxidase is critical for the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, Washington, Wednesday Nov 19, 2014

20. Significance and Mechanisms of Ischemic Postconditioning against Stroke, Adaptive responses in biology and medicine, April 24-23, 2014. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA

21. Why Does Remote Conditioning work? AHA International Stroke Conference 2014 , San Diego, Feb. 11 – 14

22. Ischemic postconditioning inhibits the accumulation of macrophages derived from monocytes and their M1 polarization in the ischemic mouse brain after stroke, Oct 21, 2015, Chicago, IL

23. The impact of T cells on brain injury after stroke, Zhejiang Anesthesia Conference, Oct. 28-30, 2016, Hangzhou, China.

24. The impact of T cells on brain injury after stroke, Wenzhou Medical School, Oct. 21, 2016.

25. Interaction between brain injury and immune system, The 5th Pan Gu Stroke Conference, Hangzhou, China, Oct. 22, 2016

26. Signaling mechanisms underlying post-conditioning brain protection, the 4th international conference on conditioning strategies for neurological disorders, Suzhou, China, Nov.13-14, 2016.

27. Interaction between brain injury and immune system after stroke, 2016 International Forum on Geriatric and Neurological Precision Medicine in Beijing, China, Dec.10, 2016.

International Conference Chair:

1. Neuroscience 2006, Oct.17, Georgia World Congress Center, Slide session: Neuroprotection I

2. Neuroscience 2006, Oct.18, Georgia World Congress Center, Slide session: Hypoxia/Ischemia: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms V

3. Poster Presentation Chair on Neuroprotection 2, May 21, 2007, Brain07, Osaka, Japan

4. Neuroscience 2008, Monday, Nov 17, 2008, 1:00 PM - 3:45 PM Washington Convention Center: Room 149A. Slide session, 413.Ischemia: Tolerance and Preconditioning.

5. Shanghai International Stroke Conference, Aug 14, 2010, Slide Session, Cerebral ischemia and innovative techniques and imaging.

6. Brain 13, Shanghai, May 23, 2013, Tolerance and Endogenous Mechanisms

7. International Aging and Disease conference, Beijing, Nov.1-2, 2014

8. The 4th Pangu International Stroke Meeting in Chongqing on Oct 22-24, 2015.

9. The 2nd International Aging and Disease conference, Stanford, Sep 30 –Oct. 2, 2016, local Chair

Teaching

1) Formal Scheduled classes for Stanford students:

NSUR070Q: Experimental Stroke (Winter 2008-17), 2 units

2) Individual teaching a PhD candidate:

Brain anatomy (2011 spring), 1 unit

PhD candidate: Nik Sawe, Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources.

3) Informal group teaching of laboratory members:

The Immune Response (Basic and Clinical Principles): 2012 Feb – Aug.

1 to 2 hours per week. Participants include six lab members comprising postdoctoral fellows, visiting scholars and visiting faculty.

Research Mentoring

Undergraduate Students:

Jade Wang, 2004-2006

Nick Sawe, 2006-2008

Jason Hsieh, 2007, summer

Janette Liao, 2007, summer

Tracy Han, 2009, Summer

Nicholas Chan, B.S. 2008-2010

Honors Thesis 2010: Limb Remote Preconditioning Inhibits Tim-3/galectin-9 Expression and Blocks Free Radical Generation after Focal Ischemia in Rats

Jonathan Lu, 2010

Katelyn Gutierrez, 2012-2013

Daniel Smerin, 2012-present

Aditya Srivatsan, 2013 –

David Mundy, 2013 -

Medical Students:

Dora Castañeda, 2006-2008

Liu, Jen-Jane, 2006

Residents:

Alexis S. Davis, 2006

Postdoctoral Fellows:

Tetsuya Takahashi, MD, PhD 2006-2008

Currently Assistant Professor, Niigata University

Michelle Cheng, PhD 2006-2011

Xiaoxing Xiong, MD 2009-2015

Yaning Li, PhD

2015 - present

Visiting Faculty and Scholars:

Chuanchen Ren, MD 2007-2008

Professor, Department of Neurology, Fudan University, China

Kewen Jiang, MD, PhD 2007-2009

Professor, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang University, China

Dingtai Wei, MD 2008-2009

Associate Professor, Ningde Hospital, Fujiang Province, China

Rong Xie, MD, PhD 2009-2011

Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, China

Na Li, MD, PhD 2009-2010

Associate Professor, Department of Immunology, Weifang Medical College, China

Mei Li 2009-2010

Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou University, China

Peng Wang, MD

2010-2012

Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

Hongfei Zhang, MD, PhD

2011-2012

Department of Radiology, Sichuan University, China

Sungpil Joo, MD, PhD

2011-2013

Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University, Korea

Weiying Xie, MD, PhD

2012 – 2013

Department of Neurology, Nanjing University, China

Yifang Fan, MD

2012 – 2014

Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China

Zhihong Jian, MD,

2012- 2013

Department of Neurosurgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China

Yuhua Jie, PhD

2013 – 2014

Institute of Transplantation and Immunology

Jinan University

Yongming Zhang, MD, PhD

2013- 2014

Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Medical University Of Anhui, China

Dongmei Yan, PhD

2013 – 2014

Department of Immunology, Jilin University, China

Professional organizations:

Society for Neuroscience - Member

The Scientific Council of American Stroke Association – Member

International Society for Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism - Member

Peer-reviewed publications

*Corresponding author

1. Zhao, H, Asai, S, Kanematsu, K, Kunimatsu, T, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K, Real-time monitoring of the effects of normothermia and hypothermia on extracellular glutamate re-uptake in the rat following global brain ischemia. Neuroreport. 1997 Jul 7; 8(9-10):2389-93.

2. Zhao, H, Asai, S, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K, Effects of brain temperature on CBF thresholds for extracellular glutamate release and reuptake in the striatum in a rat model of graded global ischemia. Neuroreport. 1998 Oct 5; 9(14):3183-8.

3. Asai, S, Zhao, H, Takahashi, Y, Nagata, T, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K, Minimal effect of brain temperature changes on glutamate release in rat following severe global brain ischemia: a dialysis electrode study. Neuroreport. 1998 Dec 1; 9(17):3863-8.

4. Asai, S, Zhao, H, Yamashita, A, Jike, T, Kunimatsu, T, Nagata, T, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K. Nicergoline enhances glutamate re-uptake and protects against brain damage in rat global brain ischemia. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Nov 3:383(3): 267-74.

5. Zhao, H*, Asai, S, Ishikawa, K. Neither L-NAME nor L-arginine changes extracellular glutamate elevation and anoxic depolarization during global ischemia and reperfusion in rat, Neuroreport. 1999 Feb 5; 10(2):313-8.

6. Kunimatsu, T, Asai, S, Kanematsu, K, Zhao, H, Kohno, T, Misaki, T, Ishikawa, K. Transient in vivo membrane depolarization and glutamate release before anoxic depolarization in rat striatum. Brain Res. 1999 Jun 12; 831(1-2):273-82.

7. Matsuoka, Y, Okazaki, M, Zhao, H, Asai, S, Ishikawa, K, Kitamura, Y. Phosphorylation of c-Jun and its localization with heme oxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in CA1 pyramidal neurons after transient forebrain ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1999 Nov; 19(11):1247-55.

8. Asai, S, Kunimatsu, T, Zhao, H, Nagata, T, Takahashi, Y, Ishii, Y, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K. Two distinct components of initial glutamate release synchronized with anoxic depolarization in rat global brain ischemia. Neuroreport. 2000 Sep 11; 11(13):2947-52.

9. Asai, S, Zhao, H, Kohno, T, Takahashi, Y, Nagata, T, Ishikawa, K. Quantitative evaluation of extracellular glutamate concentration in postischemic glutamate re-uptake, dependent on brain temperature, in the rat following severe global brain ischemia. Brain Res. 2000 May 2; 864(1):60-8.

10. Sugahara, M, Asai, S, Zhao, H, Nagata, T, Kunimatsu, T, Ishii, Y, Kohno, T, Ishikawa, K, Extracellular glutamate changes in rat striatum during ischemia determined by a novel dialysis electrode and conventional microdialysis. Neurochem Int. 2001 Jul; 39(1):65-73.

11. Kelly, S, Zhang, Z.J., Zhao, H, Xu, L, Giffard, R.G., Sapolsky, R.M., Yenari M.A., Steinberg G.K., Gene transfer of HSP72 protects cornu ammonis 1 region of the hippocampus neurons from global ischemia: influence of Bcl-2. Ann Neurol 2002 Aug;52(2):160-7

12. Yenari, M.A., Zhao, H, Giffard, R.G., Sobel, R.A., Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K., Gene therapy and hypothermia for stroke treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 May; 993:54-68; discussion 79-81.

13. Zhao, H, Yenari, M. A., Sapolsky, R. M., Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss within the ischemic margin following experimental stroke and inhibits cytochrome c translocation and caspase-3 activity, J Neurochem. 2003 May;85(4):1026-36.

14. Zhao, H, Yenari, M. A., Sapolsky, R. M., Steinberg, G.K., Prospects for the treatment of stroke using gene therapy, Expert Rev. Neurotherapeutics 2003, 3(3), 357-372

15. Zheng, Z, Zhao, H, Steinberg, G.K and Yenari, M.A, Cellular and Molecular Events underlying Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis, Drug News Perspects, 2003, 16 (9): 497-503

16. Gu, W, Zhao, H, Yenari, M. A., Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K Catalase overexpression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia, Neuroreport, 2004 Mar 1; 15(3):413-6.

17. Zhao, H, Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K., Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for gene therapy by inhibiting cytochrome c release, Stroke. 2004 Feb;35(2):572-7

18. Zhao, H, Yenari, M. A., Cheng, D, Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 transfection via herpes simplex virus blocks AIF translocation after focal ischemia in rat, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004 Jun; 24(6):681-92.

19. Kelly, S, Zhao, H, Sun, G.H., Cheng, D, Qiao, Y, Luo, J, Martin, K, Steinberg, G.K., Harrison, S.D., Yenari, M.A., Glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitor Chir025 reduces neuronal death resulting from oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, Exp Neurol. 2004 Aug;188(2):378-86.

20. Giffard, RG, Xu, L, Zhao, H, Carrico, W, Ouyang, Y, Qiao, Y, Sapolsky, R, Steinberg, G.K., Hu, B, Yenari, MA. Chaperones, protein aggregation, and brain protection from hypoxic/ischemic injury. Chaperones, protein aggregation, and brain protection from hypoxic/ischemic injury, J Exp Biol. 2004 Aug 15; 207(Pt 18):3213-20.

21. Zhao, H, Yenari, M. A., Cheng, D, Sapolsky, R. M., Steinberg, G.K., Biphasic cytochrome c release after transient global ischemia and its inhibition by hypothermia, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2005 Sep;25(9):1119-29.

22. Zhao, H, Shimohata, T, Wang, J, Sun, G, Sapolsky, R.M, Steinberg, G.K, Akt Contributes to Neuroprotection by Hypothermia against Cerebral Ischemia in Rats, J. Neurosci. 2005;25 9794-9806

23. Zhao, H*, Sapolsky, R.M, Steinberg, G.K., Interrupting reperfusion as a stroke therapy - Ischemic postconditioning reduces infarct size after focal ischemia in rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2006, Sep;26(9):1114-21.

24. Liu J, Zhao, H, Sung, J, Sun, GH, and Steinberg, G.K, Hypothermia blocks ischemic changes in ubiquitin distribution and levels following stroke, Neuroreport. 2006 Nov 6; 17(16):1691-5.

25. Zhao, H*, Sapolsky, R.M, Steinberg, G.K., PI3K/Akt survival signal pathways are implicated in neuronal survival after stroke (Review), Mol Neurobiol. 2006 Dec; 34(3):249-70.

26. Davis, A.S, Zhao, H, Guo Hua Sun, G, Robert M. Sapolsky, R.M, Steinberg, GK, Gene therapy using SOD1 protects striatal neurons from experimental stroke, Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jan 3; 411(1):32-6. Epub 2006 Nov 15.

27. Zhao, H, Wang, J, Shimohata, T, Sun, G, Yenari, MA, Sapolsky R.M, Steinberg, G.K, Conditions of protection by hypothermia and effects on apoptotic pathways in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, Journal of Neurosurgery, 2007 Sep;107(3):636-41.

28. Shimohata, T, Zhao, H, Steinberg, GK, εPKC may contribute to the protective effect of hypothermia in a rat focal cerebral ischemia model, Stroke, 2007 Feb; 38(2):375-80. Epub 2007 Jan 4.

29. Shimohata, T, Zhao, H, Sung, JH, Sun, G, Mochly-Rosen, D, Steinberg, GK, Suppression of δPKC activation after focal cerebral ischemia contributes to the protective effect of hypothermia, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2007 Feb 7; [Epub ahead of print]

30. Sung, JH, Zhao, H, Roy, M, Sapolsky, M. R, Steinberg, G. K,Viral caspase inhibitor p35, but not crmA, is neuroprotective in the ischemic penumbra following experimental stroke, Neuroscience, 2007 Nov 23;149(4):804-12. Epub 2007 Jul 26.

31. Zhao, H*, Sapolsky, R.M, Steinberg, G.K. General versus specific actions of mild-moderate hypothermia in protecting against cerebral ischemic damage (review), J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2007 Dec;27(12):1879-94. Epub 2007 Aug 8.

32. Kashefi A, Zhao H, Chen X, Molecular Imaging as the Main Part of Our Decision-Making and Treatment Strategies in Stroke (review), Front Biosci, 2008 Jan 1;13:1535-56.

33. Zhao, H*, The protective effect of ischemic postconditioning against ischemic injury: from the heart to the brain (Review), Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2007 Dec; 2(4):313-8. Epub 2007 Sep 18.

34. Ren, C, Gao, X, Steinberg, GK, Zhao, H*, Limb remote-preconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats and contradicts the dogma of therapeutic time windows for preconditioning, Neuroscience, 2008 Feb 19; 151(4):1099-1103. Epub 2007 Dec 15.

35. Sawe, N, Steinberg, GK, Zhao, H*, Dual Roles of the MAPK/ERK1/2 Pathway after Stroke (Review), J Neurosci Res., 2008 Jun; 86(8):1659-69.

36. Gao, X, Zhang, H, Takahashi, T, Steinberg, GK, Zhao, H*, The Akt, MAPK and PKC cell signaling pathways regulate the protection of ischemic postconditioning against focal cerebral ischemia in rats, J. Neurochemistry, 2008 May;105(3):943-55. Epub 2008 Jan 7.

37. Zhang, H, Ren, C, Gao, X, Takahashi, T, Sapolsky, RM, Steinberg, GK, Zhao, H*, Hypothermia blocks β-catenin degradation after focal Ischemia in rat, Brain Research, 2 2008 Mar 10; 1198:182-7. Epub 2008 Jan 14.

38. Gao, X, Ren, C, Zhao, H, * Protective effects of ischemic postconditioning compared to gradual reperfusion or preconditioning, J Neurosci Res, 2008 Aug 15; 86(11):2505-11.

39. Zhang, H, Gao, X, Ren, C, Steinberg, GK, Zhao, H*, Inhibiting caspase-3 activity blocks β-catenin degradation after focal ischemia in rat, Neuroreport, 2008 May 28; 19(8):821-4.

40. Ryu, EK, Wu, Z, Chen, K, Lazarus, LH, Marczak, ED, Sasaki, Y, Ambo, A, Salvador, S, Ren C, Zhao, H, Balboni, J, Chen, X, Synthesis of a poten and selective 18F-Labeled delta-opioid receptor antagonist derived from the dmt-tic pharcophore for positron emission tomography imaging, J. Med. Chem, 2008 Mar 27;51(6):1817-23. Epub 2008 Mar 1.

41. Cai, W, Guzaman R, Chen K, Hsu A, Bliss, T, Sun G, Wang H, He L, Li, Z, Zhao H, Steinberg GK, Chen X, PET imaging of VEGFR after stroke, Stroke, 2008 Oct 23. [Epub ahead of print].

42. Ren, C, Gao, X, Gang, Niu, Zhimin Yan, Chen X, Zhao, H*, Delayed postconditioning protects against focal ischemic brain injury in rats

PLoS ONE. 2008; 3(12):e3851. Epub 2008 Dec 10.

43. Castaneda, D, Zhao, H, Mochly-Rosen, D, Steinberg, GK, δPKC activation antagonizes the protective effect of ERK1/2 inhibition but it conversely reduces ERK1/2 phosphorylation after stroke, Brain Research, 2008 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print].

44. Wang, D, Zengin A, Deng C, Li,Y, Newell,KA, Yang, GY, Lu,Y, Wilder-Smith, EP, Zhao,H, Huang, XF, High dose of simvastatin induces hyperlocomotive and anxiolytic-like activities: the association with the up-regulation of NMDA receptor binding inthe rat brain, Exp Neurol. 2009 Mar;216(1):132-8. Epub 2008 Dec 3.

45. Zhao, H*, Ischemic postconditioning as a novel avenue to protect against brain injury after stroke, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2009 May; 29(5):873-85. Epub 2009 Feb 25.

46. Lee, S, Zhao, H, Steinberg, GK, Preservation of ROS caused dephosphorylation of PTEN may contribute to neuroprotective effect of post-ischemic hypothermia, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2009 Sep;29(9):1589-600. Epub 2009 Jun 24.

47. Cheng M, Sun GH, Jin M, Zhao H, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky RM: Blocking glucocorticoid and enhancing estrogenic genomic signaling protects against cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 29, 130–136, 2009 [doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2008.105

48. Ren, C, Ran, Z, Gao, X, Wei, D, Chen X, Zhao, H*, remote postconditioning reduces infarct size after focal ischemia in rats, Brain Research, 2009 Sep 8;1288:88-94. Epub 2009 Jul 23.

49. Gao, X, Zhang, H, Steinberg, G, Zhao, H*, The protective effects of rapid ischemic preconditioning on the Akt pathway in focal ischemia in Rats, Translational Stroke Research, Transl. Stroke Res. (2010) 1:202–209.

50. Zhao, H*, The protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke: from rapid to delayed and remote postconditioning (Review), The Open Drug Discovery Journal, 2010, 2, 138-147

51. Zhao, H*, Steinberg, G.K., Limited therapeutic time windows of mild to moderate hypothermia in a focal ischemia model in rats, Stroke Research and Treatment, 2011:131834.

52. Cheng MY, Lee IP, Jin M, Sun G, Zhao H, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky RM. An Insult-Inducible Vector System Activated by Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress for Neuronal Gene Therapy, Transl Stroke Res. 2011 Mar 1;2(1):92-100.

53. Zhao, H*, Ren, C, Chen X, Shen J, From Rapid to Delayed and Remote Postconditioning: the Evolving Concept of Ischemic Postconditioning in Brain Ischemia, Current Drug Targets, 2012 Feb 1;13(2):173-87.

54. Takahashi, T, Steinberg, GK, Zhao H*, Phosphorylated MAPK/ERK1/2 may not always represent its kinase activity in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia with or without ischemic preconditioning, Neuroscience, 2012 May 3;209:155-60.

55. Wei, D, Ren, C, Chen, X, Zhao, H*, The chronic protective effects of limb remote preconditioning and the underlying mechanisms involved in inflammatory factors in focal cerebral ischemia in rats, PLoS One, 2012;7(2):e30892.

56. Cheng, M, Lee, A, Sun, G, Culbertson, C, Zhao, H, Lyons, D, Zhou, Q, Steinberg, GK, Sapolsky,RM, Prokineticin 2 is a novel endangering mediator in cerebral ischemic injury, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012 Apr 3;109(14):5475-80.

57. Takahashi, T, Steinberg, GK, Zhao H*, Lithium treatment reduces brain injury induced by focal ischemia with partial reperfusion and the protective mechanisms dispute the importance of Akt activity, Aging and Disease, 2012 Jun;3(3):226-33.

58. Gu, L, Xiong, X, Zhang, H, Xu, B, Zhao, H*, Distinctive effects of T cell subsets in neuronal injury induced by co-cultured splenocytes in vitro and by in vivo stroke in mice, Stroke, 2012 Jul;43(7):1941-6.

59. Xiong X, Gu L, Zhang H, Xu B, Zhu S, Zhao H*.The protective effects of T cell deficiency against brain injury are ischemic model-dependent in rats. Neurochem Int. 2012 Dec 8. doi:pii: S0197-0186(12)00389-0. 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.11.016.

60. Zhao H*, Hurdles to clear before clinical translation of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, Transl Stroke Res, 2013, 2013 Feb 1;4(1):63-70.

61. Joo SP, Xie W, Xiong X, Xu B, Zhao H. Ischemic postconditioning protects against focal cerebral ischemia by inhibiting brain inflammation while attenuating peripheral lymphopenia in mice, Neuroscience. 2013 Jul 23;243:149-57.

62. Zhao,H, Joo, SP, Xie, W, Ji, X, Using hormetic strategies to improve ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning against stroke, Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2013;5(2), 2013 May 27;5(2):61-72.

63. Gu, L, Xiong, X, Wei, D, Gao, X, Krams, S, Zhao, H*, T cells contribute to stroke-induced lymphopenia in rats. PLoS One. 2013; 8(3):e59602.

64. Xie, R, Wang, P, Ji, X, Zhao, H*, Ischemic postconditioning facilitates brain recovery after stroke by promoting Akt/mTOR activity in nude rats, J Neurochem. 2013 Dec;127(5):723-32. doi: 10.1111/jnc.12342.

65. Xie, R, Cheng, M, Li, M, Xiong, X, Daddi, M, Sapolsky, R, Zhao, H, Akt isoforms differentially protect against stroke-induced neuronal injury by regulating mTOR activities, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab,. 2013 Dec;33(12):1875-85. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.132.

66. Gu, L, Xiong, X, Lee, J, Xu,B, Krams, S, Steinberg, G.K., Zhao, H*, Moderate Hypothermia Inhibits Brain Inflammation and Attenuates Peripheral Immunosuppression Caused by Stroke in Rats, CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2013 Aug 24. doi: 10.1111/cns.12160.

67. Bu, L, Li, R, Liu, H, Feng, W, Xiong, X, Zhao, H, Vollrath, DE, Shen, B, Cheng, Z, In Vivo Longitudinal Molecular Imaging of Intrastriatal Transplanted RPE Cells by 18F-P3BZA PET/CT, Radiology, 2014, 2014 Jul;272(1):174-83.

68. Xiong, Xie,R, Zhang,H, Gu, L, Xie, W, Cheng,M, Jian, Z, Kovacina,K, Zhao, H*, PRAS40 plays a pivotal role in protecting against stroke by linking the Akt and mTOR pathways, Neurobiology of Disease, 2014 Feb 27;66C:43-52.

69. Wei, D, Xoing, X Zhao, H*, Tim-3 cell signaling and iNOS are involved in the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against focal ischemia in rats, Metabolic Brain Disease, 2014, Metab Brain Dis. 2015 Apr;30(2):483-90. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9543-2

70. Xie,R, Wang, P, Cheng, M, Sapolsky, R, Ji, X, Zhao, H*, The mTOR cell signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, stroke, 2014,Sep;45(9):2769-76. doi:

71. Bu L, Li R, Liu H, Feng W, Xiong X, Zhao H, Vollrath D, Shen B, Cheng Z., Intrastriatal transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells for the treatment of Parkinson disease: in vivo longitudinal molecular imaging with 18F-P3BZA PET/CT., Radiology. 2014 Jul;272(1):174-83. doi: 10.1148/radiol.14132042. Epub 2014 Apr 20.

72. Lin, Y, Xu,M, Wan, J, Wen,S, Sun,J, Zhao,H, Lou,M, Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hyperglycemia-enhanced hemorrhagic transformation after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats, Neuroscience, 2015 Aug 20;301:471-9

73. Fan,Q, Cheng, K, Yang, Z,Zhang,R, Yang, M, Hu,X, Ma,X, Bu, L, Lu,X, Xiong, X, Huang, W, Zhao, H, Cheng, Z, Perylene-diimide-based nanoparticles as highly efficient photoacoustic agents for deep brain tumor imaging in living mice. Adv Mater. 2015 Feb 4;27(5):843-7. doi: 10.1002/adma.201402972

74. Vemuganti R, Zhao H, Metab Brain Dis. Mechanisms and therapies for acute CNS insults.2015 Apr;30(2):353. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9585-5

75. Xiaoxing Xiong, Lijuan Gu, Hongfei Zhang, Sheri Krams, Shengmei Zhu, and Heng Zhao, Glycyrrhizin protects against focal cerebral ischemia via inhibition of T cell activity and HMGB1-mediated mechanisms, J. Neuroinflammation, 2016 Sep 8;13(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12974-016-0705-5.

76. Yifang Fan, Xiaoxing Xiong, Yongming Zhang, Dongmei Yan, Zhihong Jian, Baohui Xu, Heng Zhao, MKEY, a Peptide Inhibitor of CXCL4-CCL5 Heterodimer Formation, Protects Against Stroke in Mice, J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Sep 15;5(9). pii: e003615. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003615.

77. Li S, Hafeez A, Noorulla F, Geng X, Shao G, Ren C, Lu G, Zhao H, Ding Y, Ji X. Preconditioning in neuroprotection: From hypoxia to ischemia. Prog Neurobiol. 2017 Jan 18. pii: S0301-0082(15)30071-X. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.01.001.

78. Ji Q, Ji Y, Peng J, Zhou X, Chen X, Zhao H, Xu T, Chen L, Xu Y, Increased Brain-Specific MiR-9 and MiR-124 in the Serum Exosomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients, PLoS One. 2016 Sep 23;11(9):e0163645. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163645.

79. Xin Zhou, Zinan Jiao, Juling Ji, Shuyuan Li, Xiaodi Huang, Xiaoshuang Lu, Heng Zhao, Jingwen Peng, Xinya Chen, Qiuhong Ji, Yuhua Ji, Characterization of mouse serum exosomal small RNA content: The origins and their roles in modulating inflammatory response, Oncotarget, 2017, in press.

80. Cui-Ying Liu, Jian Yang, Chen-Cheng Zhang, Xiao-Kun Geng, Xun-Ming Ji, Hui-Shan Du, Heng Zhao, Analysis of long non-coding RNA expression profiles following focal cerebral ischemia in mice, Neuroscience letter, 2018, in press.

81. Cuiying Liu, Chencheng Zhang, Jian Yang, Xiaokun Geng, Huishan Du, Xunming Ji, Heng Zhao, Screening circular RNA expression patterns following focal cerebral ischemia in mice, 2017, Oncotarget, in press.

82. Yang J, Liu C, , Du X, Liu M, Ji X, Du H, Zhao H, Hypoxia inducible factor 1α plays a key role in remote ischemic preconditioning against stroke by modulating inflammatory responses in rats. JAHA, 2018, in press.

83. Xie R, Li J, Zhao H, The underlying mechanisms involved in the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning. Conditioning Medicine, 2018, in press.

84. Weirong Fang, Xuan Zhai, Dong Han, Xiaoxing Xiong, Tao Wang, Xun Zeng, Kohji Aoyama, Ronald L Dalman, Baohui Xu, Heng Zhao, CCR2-dependent monocytes/macrophages worsen acute brain injury yet are required for functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice, in submission

85. Wang, P, Xie,R, Cheng, M, Ji, X, Zhao, H, The mTOR cell signaling pathway is critical for the long-term protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, in submission, 2017

86. Joo, S, Xie, W, Fan, Y, Xiong, X, Zhao, H, Ischemic postconditioning protected against stroke by inhibiting NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS activities in macrophages in mouse, in submission.

Book Chapters:

1. Zhao, H, Chapter 3: The Protective Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning Against Ischemic Brain Injury. Experimental Stroke, Editors, Kun Lin Jin, Guoyuan Yang, Bentham e books, ISBN: 978-1-60805-001-7, 2008

2. Zhao, H, The protective effects of ischemic postconditioning in experimental stroke, Innate Neuroprotecition, Editors: Miguel Perez-Pinzon; Jeffery Gidday; David Henshall, 2012.

3. Zhao, H, Role of spleen-derived immune cells in ischemic brain injury, Non-neuronal mechanisms of brain damage and repair after stroke, Editors, Xiaoming Hu, Jun Chen, 2016

4. Zhao, H, Tolerance and pre/post conditioning, Caplan/Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases, Editors: Lou Caplan, Jose Biller, Midori Yenari, Megan Leary, Ajith Thomas, Eng Lo and John Zhang. 2017

Abstracts for National and International Conferences:

1. Steinberg, G.K., Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A. and Sapolsky, R.M., Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss following experimental stroke and inhibits cytochrome c translocation, Soc Neurosci Abs, 27 (2001) 207.7

2. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Lawrence, M.S., Chen, D., Ho, D.Y., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss in peri-infarct regions following experimental stroke, Stroke, 32 (2001) 326-327.

3. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Lawrence, M.S., Cheng, D., Ho, D.Y., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss in periinfarct regions following experimental stroke, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 21 (2001) S443.

4. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Lawrence, M.S., Cheng, D., Ho, D.Y., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Penumbral protection with Bcl-2 overexpression in experimental stroke regions following experimental stroke, Annual Meeting American Association Neurological Surgeons Program, 69 (2001) 74-75.

5. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., McLaughlin, J., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for Bcl-2 gene therapy, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 51 (2001) 16.

6. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., McLaughlin, J.R., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Post-ischemic mild hypothermia extends the therapeutic window for Bcl-2 gene therapy protection in a stroke model, Soc Neurosci Abs, 27 (2001) 331.8.

7. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for gene therapy, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Cerebrovascular Surgery & American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program, 5 (2002) 36.

8. Roy, M., Zhao, H., Steinberg, G.K. and Sapolsky, R.M., Bcl-2 protects against non-apoptotic neuron death, Soc Neurosci Abs, 28 (2002) 225.2.

9. Kunis, D., Zhao, H., Hu, B., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Overexpression of HSP-72 protects against protein aggregation induced by transient global cerebral ischemia, Soc Neurosci Abs, 28 (2002) 225.2.

10. Zhao, H., Cheng, D., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia inhibits the second phase of cytochrome C release and inhibits caspase activity after global ischemia in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2002) 491.6.

11. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild post-ischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for gene therapy, Stroke, 33 (2002) 347.

12. Zhao, H., Hu, B.R., Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A.Overexpression of HSP72 protects against protein aggregation induced by transient cerebral ischemia, Neurology, 58(suppl. 3) (2002) A237.

13. Zhao, H., Hu, B.R., Sapolsky, R.M., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., Overexpression of HSP72 protects against protein aggregation induced by transient cerebral ischemia, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 52 (2002) 9.

14. Gu, W., Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Catalase overexpression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia, J Neurosurg, 53 (2003) 511.

15. Sun, G.H., Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Cheng, D., Luo, J., Harrison, S., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., GSK-3b inhibitor (CHIR988025) reduces infarct size following 90 min MCAO, Soc Neurosci Abs, 28 (2002) 697.7

16. Gu, W., Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Catalase overexpression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia, Soc Neurosci Abs (2003) 883.8.

17. Gu, W., Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Catalase over-expression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia, Congress of Neurological Surgeons Meeting Program (2003) 819.

18. Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Cheng, D., Luo, J., Harrison, S., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., GKS3b inhibitor Chir98025 decreases infarct size following experimental stroke, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 71 (2003) 1012.

19. Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Cheng, D., Luo, J., Harrison, S., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., GKS3b inhibitor Chir98025 decreases infarct size following MCAo, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 23 (2003) S478.

20. Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Cheng, D., Luo, J., Harrison, S., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., Treatment with the GSK3b inhibitor Chir 98025 decreases infarct size following MCAO, Stroke, 34 (2003) 301.

21. Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Cheng, D., Luo, J., Harrison, S., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., Treatment with the GSK3b inhibitor Chir 98025 decreases infarct size following MCAO, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Cerebrovascular Surgery & American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program (2003).

22. Sun, G., Kelly, S., Zhao, H., Cheng, D., Qiao, Y., Luo, J., Martin, K., Harrison, S.D., Steinberg, G.K. and Yenari, M.A., GSK3ß inhibitor Chir025 reduces neuronal death resulting from oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, Soc Neurosci Abs (2003) 446.6..

23. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation is blocked by bcl-2 gene transfer mediated by herpes simplex viral (HSV) vectors after focal ischemia in rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 23 (2003) S371.

24. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Apoptosis inducing factor translocation is inhibited by herpes simplex virus-mediated Bcl-2 transfection after stroke in rat, J Neurosurg, 53 (2003) 471.

25. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 overexpression blocks apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation after focal ischemia in rat, Soc Neurosci Abs (2003) 302.18.

26. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Bcl-2 Overexpression blocks apoptosis-inducing factor translocation after experimental stroke in rat, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 71 (2003) 1001.

27. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Both caspase-dependent and AIF-dependent apoptotic pathways are blocked by mild hypothermia after global ischemia in rats, Congress of Neurological Surgeons Meeting Program (2003) 819.

28. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Both caspase-dependent and AIF-dependent apoptotic pathways are blocked by mild hypothermia after global ischemia in rats, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 53 (2003) 9.

29. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Herpes simplex virus-mediated Bcl-2 transfection blocks apoptosis inducing factor translocation after focal ischemia in rat, J Neurosurg, 98 (2003) A248-9.

30. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., HSV-Mediated Bcl-2 transfection block apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) translocation after focal ischemia in rat, Stroke, 34 (2003) 241.

31. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., HSV-Mediated Bcl-2 transfection block apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) translocation after focal ischemia in rat, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Cerebrovascular Surgery & American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program (2003).

32. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia inhibits both caspase-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways after global ischemia in rats, Stroke, 34 (2003) 297.

33. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia inhibits both caspase-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways after global ischemia in rats, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Cerebrovascular Surgery & American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program (2003).

34. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild hypothermia inhibits both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways after transient cerebral ischemia in rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 23 (2003) S362.

35. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild hypothermia prevents ischemic damage by inhibiting both caspase-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways after global ischemia in rats, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 71 (2003) 1007.

36. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild hypothermia prevents ischemic damage by inhibiting both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways after transient cerebral ischemia in rats, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 71 (2003) 1007.

37. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Both mild hypothermia and a caspase inhibitor block the second phase of cytochrome c release after global ischemia. American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Orlando, FL, 2004.

38. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Both mild hypothermia and a caspase inhibitor block the second phase of cytochrome c release after global ischemia, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Cerebrovascular Surgery & American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program, 25 (2004) 97.

39. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Both mild hypothermia and a caspase inhibitor block the second phase of cytochrome c release after global ischemia, J Neurosurg, 100 (2004) A203.

40. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Caspases may mediate the second phase of cytochrome c release after transient cerebral ischemia in rats, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts (2004).

41. Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Mild hypothermia inhibits cytochrome c/caspase-mediated apoptosis after global cerebral ischemia in rats, Stroke, 35 (2004) 249.

42. Davis, A.S., Zhao, H., More, T., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Overexpression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase increases neuronal survival following transient focal cerebral ischemia, Soc Neurosci Abs (2004) 792.15.

43. Kunis, D.M., Zhao, H., Yenari, M.A., Cheng, D., Saplosky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Caspases may mediate the second phase of cytochrome c release after transient global ischemia in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2004) 681.21.

44. Zhao, H., Barreto-Chang, O.L., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., AIF translocation into the nuclei occurred after cytosolic cytochrome C release in both global and focal ischemia, Annual Meeting of American Association Neurological Surgeons Program (2004) 1072.

45. Zhao, H., Barreto-Chang, O.L., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., AIF translocation into the nuclei occurred after cytosolic cytochrome c release in both global and focal ischemia, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 72 (2004) 1072.

46. Zhao, H., Barreto-Chang, O.L., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Different time course of AIF and cytochrome C release after experimental stroke in rats, Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section & the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program, 178 (2004) 80.

47. Zhao, H., Wang, J.G., Sun, G.H., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Limited protection by mild hypothermia in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, Soc Neurosci Abs (2004) 456.7.

48. Zhao, H., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Limited protection by mild hypothermia in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 54 (2004) 180.

49. Zhao, H., Shimohata, T., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K Hypothermia Attenuates the Decrease in Phosphorylation of Proteins in AKT Cell Signal Pathway after Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 73 (1009)2005

50. Zhao, H., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K Conditions of Protection by Hypothermia on Apoptotic Pathways in a Model of Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion, Annual Meeting of American Association of Neurological Surgeons Program, 73 (1054)2005

51. Zhao, H., Shimohata, T., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K, Hypothermia Attenuates the Decrease in Phosphorylation of Proteins in AKT Cell Signal Pathway after Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 55 (2005)

52. Zhao, H., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Yenari, M.A., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K Conditions of Protection by Hypothermia on Apoptotic Pathways in a Model of Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion, Annual Meeting Congress of Neurological Surgeons Program, 55 (2005)

53. Zhao H, Shimohata T, Wang JQ, Sun GH, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK: Hypothermia attenuates the decrease in phosphorylation of proteins in AKT cell signal pathway after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. 8th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 8:82, 2005.

54. Zhao H, Wang JQ, Sun G, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK: Conditions of protection by hypothermia on apoptotic pathways in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 36:512, 2005.

55. Zhao H, Shimohata T, Wang JQ, Sun G, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK: Hypothermia attenuates the decrease in phosphorylation of proteins in AKT cell signal pathway after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Stroke 36:514, 2005.

56. Zhao H, Wang JQ, Sun GH, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK: Conditions of protection by hypothermia on apoptotic pathways in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. 8th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 8:83, 2005.

57. Davis A, Zhao H, More T, Sun GH, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK: Overexpression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase improves neuronal survival after experimental stroke. 8th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 8:64, 2005.

58. Zhao, H., Shimohata, T., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Schaal, D.W., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., PI-3/AKT kinase pathway contributes to neuroprotective effect of hypothermia against cerebral ischemia in rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25: S472-S472; 2005

59. Zhao, H., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Schaal, D.W., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Conditions of protection by hypothermia and effects on apoptotic pathways in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25: S474-S474; 2005

60. Yenari, MA, Zhao, H, Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Gene therapy for ischemic neuronal injury, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25: S693-S693; 2005

61. Davis, AS, Zhao, H., Sun, GH., Sapolsky RM., Steinberg, GK., Post-Ischemic Overexpression of Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) is Neuroprotective Following Experimental Stroke, Soc Neurosci Abs, 2005 (2005) 221.7

62. Liu, J-J., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Steinberg, G.K., Effect of hypothermia on ubiquitin distribution after focal cerebral ischemia. Soc Neurosci Abs, 2005 (2005) 221.8

63. Shimohata, T.,.Zhao, H., Steinberg, G.K.., Hypothermia suppresses δPKC activation in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, Soc Neurosci Abs, 2005, Soc Neurosci Abs (2005) 221.11

64. Zhao, H., Shimohata, T., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Schaal, D.W., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., AKT pathway plays critical roles in neuroprotection by hypothermia against stroke in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2005) 356.4

65. J.H.Sung; H.Zhao; M.Roy; R.M.Sapolsky; G.K.Steinberg, Viral caspase inhibitor p35 but not crmA is neuroprotective in ischemic penumbra following experimental stroke, Soc Neurosci Abs (2005) 97.13

66. Shimohata, T., Zhao, H., and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing deltaPKC Activation in Rats, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:145, 2006

67. Sung, JH., Zhao, H., M.Roy; R.M.Sapolsky; G.K.Steinberg, Viral caspase inhibitors Protects Against Neuronal Death in Ishcemic Penumbera Floowing Experimental stroke, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:110, 2006

68. Lee, M, Zhao H, Steinberg GK, Therapeutic Time Window for Hypothermia in a Transient Distal MCA occlusion Model in Rats, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:69, 2006

69. Liu, J-J., Zhao, H., Sun, G.H., Steinberg, G.K., Effect of hypothermia on levels of Conjugated Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin Distrubution Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:186, 2006

70. Shimohata,T., Zhao, H., and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing deltaPKC Activation in Rats, Stroke, 37(2):677, P153, 2006

71. Zhao, H., Shimohata, T., Wang, J.Q., Sun, G., Schaal, D.W., Sapolsky, R.M. and Steinberg, G.K., Hypothermia Blocks Nuclear –catenin Translocation Downstream of GSK3 beta in Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats, 9th Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Program 9:16, 2006

72. Cheng, M, Sun, G. Zhao, H. Steinberg, G.K., Sapolsky, R.M., Overexpression of a chimeric steroid receptor protects striatal neurons from cerebral ischemia, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006)177.20/JJ3

73. Kunis, D.M., Shimohata, T, Zhao, H., Steinberg, G.K., Suppression of δPKC activation contributes to the protective effect of hypothermia in rat, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 178.23/JJ27

74. Lee, S, Zhao, H., Steinberg, G.K.; ROS and PTEN may play critical roles in the neuroprotective effect of post-ischemic hypothermia in a focal ischemia model, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006)178.11/JJ15

75. Shimohata, T, Zhao, H., Steinberg, G.K.; εPKC may contribute to the protective effect of hypothermia against focal cerebral ischemia in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 582.17/NN86

76. Zhao, H., Sapolsky, R.M. Steinberg, G.K., Ischemic postconditioning reduces infarct size in a dose-dependent manner after focal ischemia in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 680.1/NN18

77. Gao, X, Zhang, H, Sapolsky, R.M. Steinberg, G.K.; Zhao, H, The effect of postconditioning on the Akt survival signal pathway after cerebral ischemia in rat, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 680.2/NN19

78. Castaneda, D.C, Zhao, H.,. Steinberg, G.K; Both signal pathways of MAPK/Erk and PKB/Akt are involved in ischemic damage/survival after stroke in rats, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 679.6/MM97

79. Sun, G, LEE, S, Zhao, H., Maier, C.M, Steinberg, G.K., Phosphorylation of PTEN may play critical roles in the protective effect of hypothermia against stroke in SOD2-deficient mice, Soc Neurosci Abs (2006) 178.19/JJ23

80. Cheng, MY, Sun, G, Zhao,H, Steinberg, GK, Sapolsky,RM, Overexpression of a Chimeric Steroid Receptor Protects Striatal Neurons from Cerebral Ischemia, Stroke (2007), 38(2):547, P282.

81. Castaneda, D, Zhao, H, Steinberg, GK, Examination of the Protective Effect of δPKC Inhibitor δV1-1 on MEK/ERK-Mediated Pathway in Focal Ischemia in Rats, Stroke (2007), 38(2):558, P338

82. Zhao, H, Gao, G, Zhang, H., Role of the Akt Survival Signal Pathway in the Protective Effect of Postconditioning Against Focal Ischemia in Rat, Stroke (2007), 38(2):461, 33

83. Zhao, H, Gao, G, Zhang, H. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway abolishes the protective effect of postconditioning against focal ischemia in rat, Brain oral 9, Brain 07, Osaka, May 20-24, 2007

84. Zhao, H, Zhang, H, Gao, G, Steinberg, G, The protective effect of rapid ischemic preconditioning on the PI3K/Akt pathway in focal ischemia in rat. Presentation ID, BP 6-5M, Brain 07, Osaka, May 20-24, 2007

85. Lee, S, Zhao, H, Sun, G, Steinberg, GK, Hypothermia’s neuroprotection against ischei creperfusion injury is mediated by P-PTEN. Presentation ID: BP41-2W, Brain 07, Osaka, May 20-24, 2007

86. Lee SM, Zhao H, Sun G, Steinberg GK: Hypothermia’s neuroprotection against ischemic reperfusion injury is mediated by P-PTEN. 23rd International Symposium of Cerebral Blood Flow, Metabolism & Function Program BP41-2W, 2007.

87. Gao X, Steinberg GK, Zhao H: Both postconditioning and gradual reperfusion reduce infarct after stroke in rats, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 116.5 9 (Oral presentation). Online.

88. Vroon A, Sun GH, Zhao, H, Sapolsky, RM, Karelaars A, Heijnen CJ, Steinberg GK: A role of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 in neuronal survival after ischemia, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 376.18/W14. Online.

89. Cheng M, Jin M, Lee IP, Zhao H, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky RM: An insult-inducible vector system activated by hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and reactive oxygen species, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 379.3/Y20

90. Zhao H, Takahashi T, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky RM : Changes in protein levels of phosphorylated Akt and GSK 3 beta may not contribute to the protection of Lithium against focal ischemia in rats, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No.379.20/Z9, Online.

91. Takahashi T, Gao X, Zhang H, Steinberg GK, Zhao H: Ischemic postconditioning mediates protective effect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 703.13/V21, Online

92. Ren C, Gao X, Zhang H, Zhao H, Remote preconditioning in the limb reduces infarction in focal ischemia in rats, 2007 Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Program No. 116.8, Online.

93. Chuancheng Ren, Xuwen Gao, Gary K Steinberg, Heng Zhao, Limb Remote-preconditioning Protects Against Focal Ischemia in Rats and,Contradicts the Dogma of Therapeutic Time Windows for Preconditioning, 2008, Stroke Vol 39, No 2 February 2008, p388

94. Chuancheng Ren, Xuwen Gao, Heng Zhao; Protective Effects of Ischemic Postconditioning: Compare with that of Gradual Reperfusion and Preconditioning. 2008, Stroke Vol 39, No 2 February 2008, p395.

95. Jiang, K., Zhao, H., Ren, C, Chen, Z, Horie, N., Daddi, M., Steinberg, GK., The effects of delayed hypothermia on neurogenesis and cell proliferation after ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat brain, 2008, Neuroscience Meeting, Program No. 151.12/Z27

96. Wei, D, Gao, X, Chan N., Chen, S, Zhao, H., Tim-3 may regulate ischemic neuronal death after focal cortex ischemia, Neuroscience Meeting program No, 646.16/W29.M. CHENG, A. G. LEE, G. SUN, H. ZHAO, Q.-Y. ZHOU, G. K. STEINBERG, R. M. SAPOLSKY, 2008, Neuroscience Meeting,Prokineticin 2 exacerbates cerebral ischemic injury in rats, Program No. 751.13/AA10

97. Zhao, H, Ren, C, Gao, X, Yan, ZH. ZHAO, Nerve pathways contribute to the protective effect of remote preconditioning against focal ischemia, 2008, Neuroscience Meeting, Program No. 413.1

98. Cheng M, Lee AG, Sun G, Zhao H, Zhou, Q, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky R, Prokineticin 2 exacerbates cerebral ischemic injury in rats, Stroke, Vol 40, No.4, April 2009, P108 poster 263

99. Chan N, Wei D, Gao X, Chen X, Zhao H, Limb remote preconditioning inhibits Tim3/galection-9 expression and blocks free radical generation after focal ischemia in rats, Stroke, Vol 40, No.4, April 2009, P112, poster 281

100. Ren C, Yan Z, Wei D, Gao X, Chen X, Zhao H,Limb remote postconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats, Stroke, Vol 40, No.4, April 2009, P116, poster 281

101. Takahashi T, Gao X, Steinberg G, Zhao H, Kinase activities of JNK and ERK do not match their phosphorylation levels after ischemic preconditioning in focal ischemia in rats, Brain 09, Chicago, 2009, June.

102. Wei D, Gao. X, Chen C, Chen, X, Zhao, H, The protective effects of ischemic postconditioning on potential inflammatory factors involved in focal ischemia in rats, Brain 09, Chicago, 2009, June

103. Li, M; Xie, R, Cheng M, Giffard R; Roth R, Sapolsky R, Zhao H, Akt Isoforms Differentially Protect Against Stroke-induced Neuronal Injury in Vitro and in Vivo, 2011 stroke conference, Los Angels, Feb 9-11, 2011

104. Xiong X, Gu L, Li L, Lee J, Li M, Li X, Giffard R, Krams S, Steinberg GK, Zhao H, Glycyrrhizin Protects Against Focal Ischemia and Attenuates Peripheral Immunosuppression in Rats, 2011 stroke conference, Los Angels, Feb 9-11, 2011

105. Gu L, Xiong X, Takashi I, Krams S, Steinberg GK, Zhao H, Hypothermia Attenuates Peripheral Immunodepression Caused by Stroke in Rats, 2011 stroke conference, Los Angels, Feb 9-11, 2011

106. Xie, R, Cheng, M, Li, M, Sapolsky, R, Zhao, H, Akt3 offers stronger protection than Akt1 against brain injury by differentially promoting mTOR protein levels in both in vitro and in vivo stroke models, Stroke conference, New Orleans, Feb. 1-3, 2012.

107. Wang, P, Xie, R, Ji, X, Zhao, H, Ischemic postconditioning facilitates brain recovery after stroke by promoting mTOR activity, Stroke conference, New Orleans, Feb. 1-3, 2012

108. R. Xie, R, P. Wang, P, X. Ji, X, Zhao, H, Ischemic postconditioning did not inhibit acute infarciton but provided long-term protection by enhancing mTOR activity in nude rats , Brain 13, Shanghai, May 22-24, 2013.

109. Joo, S, Xie, W, Xiong, Xu, B, Zhao, H, Ischemic postconditioning protects against focal cerebral ischemia by inhibiting brain inflammation while attenuating peripheral lymphopenia in mice, Brain 13, Shanghai, May 22-24, 2013.

110. Xiong, X, Gu. L, Zhang, H, Xu, B, Zhu, S, Zhao, H. The protective effects of T cell deficiency against brain injury are ischemic model-dependent in rats. Brain 13, Shanghai, May 22-24, 2013.

111. Gu, L, Xiong, X, Gao, X, Krams, S, Zhao, H , T cells contribute to stroke-induced lymphopenia in rats, Brain 13, Shanghai, May 22-24, 2013.

112. Wang, P, Xie, R, Ji, X, Zhao, H. mTOR pathway in the neuroprotective mechanisms of ischemic postconditioning, Brain 13, Shanghai, May 22-24, 2013.

113. Xie, R, Wang, P, Cheng, M, Sapolsky, R, Ji, X, Zhao, H, mTOR cell signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning against stroke, SFN, November 9-13, 2013, San Diego.

114. Joo, S, Xie, W, Fan, Y, Zhao, H, Ischemic postconditioning protected against stroke by inhibiting NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS activities, Feb. 12-14, 2014, International Stroke Conference, San Diego.

115. Yongming Zhang, Xiaoxing Xiong, Dongmei Yan, Qiuhong Ji, Zhihong Jian, Yuhua Ji, Heng Zhao. Ischemic postconditioning inhibits the accumulation of macrophages derived from monocytes and their M1 polarization in the ischemic mouse brain after stroke, Oct 21, 2015, Chicago, IL

116. Yaning Li, Tao Tao, MD; Heng Zhao. High-dimensional analysis of inflammatory cells in ischemic stroke mice, International Stroke Conference, February 22-24, 2017, Houston, TX.

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