Shipping Container Emergency Shelters

WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE PROJECT NUMBER RP-0109

Shipping Container Emergency Shelters

A Major Qualifying Project Report: Submitted to the faculty of

Worcester Polytechnic Institute In partial fulfillment of the requirements for

The Degree of Bachelor of Science

By _________________________________

Mark Brodaski _________________________________

Ralph Campanelli _________________________________

Kevin Zabinski

Approved by Project Advisor: Roberto Pietroforte _________________________________

Date: March 5, 2010

Abstract

During this project the group performed research on the use of shipping containers as temporary housing shelters. Using this research, the team focused on converting shipping containers into pre-fabricated emergency relief housing. By designing a number of containers with different functions the group created a community environment in which approximately 216 people could recover from natural disasters. The experience gained from this project will help the team gain valuable experience in problem solving and teamwork.

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Acknowledgements

The team would like to thank Roberto Pietroforte for providing guidance and proofreading the many drafts of this report. In addition, the team would like to thank Mark Strauss for providing information at the early stages of the project, Interport for providing accurate container price quotes, and RS Means for providing the majority of the cost and scheduling data used.

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Table of Contents

Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ii Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................................iii Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................iv List of Tables ................................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures.................................................................................................................................viii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Disaster Relief Agencies ........................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Goals ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Project Overview ................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2: Research ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Shipping Container History.................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Technical Standards............................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Transportation Methods ..................................................................................................... 10 2.5 Disaster Prone Locations ..................................................................................................... 12 2.7 Architectural Review ........................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 3: Design .......................................................................................................................... 19 3.1. Program of Requirements .................................................................................................. 19 3.2 Site Layout Design ............................................................................................................... 20 3.3 Power................................................................................................................................... 24

3.3.1 Power Requirements .................................................................................................... 24 3.3.2 Power Design................................................................................................................ 25 3.4 Water and Waste................................................................................................................. 27 3.4.1 Water Supply and Waste Management Requirements................................................ 27 3.4.2 Water Supply and Waste Management Design ........................................................... 28 3.4.3 Rain Water Management Design ................................................................................. 29 3.5 Insulation ............................................................................................................................. 31 3.6 HVAC.................................................................................................................................... 34 3.7 Living Module Design .......................................................................................................... 36 3.8 Dining/Kitchen Module Design............................................................................................ 39

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3.9 Water Closet Module Design............................................................................................... 41 Chapter 4: Components and Materials of Each Module ............................................................... 46

4.1 Site Preparation................................................................................................................... 46 4.2 Common to all Modules Factory Installation Activities....................................................... 47 4.3 Living Module Custom Factory Installation Activities ......................................................... 48 4.4 Dining/Kitchen Module Custom Factory Installation Activities........................................... 50 4.5 Water Closet Module Custom Factory Installation Activities ............................................. 52 4.6 On Site Installation Activities............................................................................................... 53 Chapter 5: Cost Analysis ................................................................................................................ 55 5.1 Initial Cost ............................................................................................................................ 55 5.2 Factory Modification Costs.................................................................................................. 56 5.3 Site Modifications................................................................................................................ 57 5.4 Materials of Construction Cost Breakdown ........................................................................ 59

5.4.1 Living Container Cost .................................................................................................... 60 5.4.2 Kitchen Container Cost ................................................................................................. 61 5.4.3 Dining Container Cost................................................................................................... 61 5.4.4 Water Closet Container Cost ........................................................................................ 61 5.4.5 Site Modifications......................................................................................................... 62 5.5 Total Cost............................................................................................................................. 62 Chapter 6: Scheduling.................................................................................................................... 64 6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 64 6.2 Factory Modifications.......................................................................................................... 64 6.3 On Site Modifications .......................................................................................................... 67 6.4 Site Work ............................................................................................................................. 68 6.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 69 Chapter 7: Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 70 Bibliography................................................................................................................................... 72 Appendix A: Architectural Review................................................................................................. 76 Appendix B: Materials and Costs Tables ....................................................................................... 84 Living Container Materials and Costs ........................................................................................ 85 Dining Area Materials and Costs ............................................................................................... 87 Kitchen Area Materials and Costs ............................................................................................. 89

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