Guided Highlighted Reading Teacher Framework for



Guided Highlighted Reading Teacher Framework for 4th Grade

These selection and questions may be reproduced for instructional and educational purposes only; not for personal or financial gain.

Passage Type, Text Structure: Science, Non-fiction, Informational

Passage Title, Source, Date: Can the Amazon be Saved, , Weekly Reader 2007

Procedure Question #1

• Background & Prior Knowledge

Anticipatory Set: What do know about the Amazon?

Video:

Vocabulary:

Deforestation: the clearing of a forest by cutting down trees and plant life

Satellite: a man-made object that orbits Earth and has the ability to take detailed pictures of life on Earth

Greenhouse gas: harmful gas that causes the Earth’s climate to become hotter

• Teacher Led Summary for content/summary:

Teacher will lead by modeling a written summary.

• Guided Highlighted Reading Prompts for Question #1 content/summary (CCR Question #1-Close Reading):

Paragraph 1: Highlight where the Amazon was. (The Amazon, in South

America, is the largest rain forest in the world)

Paragraph 2: Highlight meaning of deforestation. (Deforestation occurs when

farmers and loggers cut down trees to make room for farms, homes, and roads)

Paragraph 2: Highlight how much land the rainforest is losing. (5,800 square miles a year)

Paragraph 2: Highlight what the actual rate of losing Amazon by use of satellite’s (twice the rate of 5,800, with use of satellite detection)

Paragraph 3: Highlight meaning of biodiversity. (Variety of plants and animals in a particular area)

Paragraph 4: Highlight who is destroying forest. (Farmers and loggers)

Paragraph 5: Highlight who and what will be extinct. (Plants and animals)

Paragraph 5: Highlight who deforestation effects. (People, food spices and medicines)

Paragraph 6: Highlight the purpose/ importance of trees in the Amazon. (Trees clean the

air by taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen)

Paragraph 6: Highlight the risk of greenhouse gas. (Greenhouse gases trap the sun’s heat close to

Earth. Without the trees in the rain forest, the Earth’s climate would become much hotter)

Paragraph 7: Highlight the government’s efforts to save the rainforest (placed 3.7 million acres of rain forest off-limits for development. The protected area is more than twice the size of Maryland)

Paragraph 7: Highlight the importance of this land (People make the forest their home. All these people need land for farming and wood for heat and cooking. They are looking for a way to survive)

Paragraph 7: Highlight the risk if deforestation continues (the rain forest may survive only another 40 to 50 years)

Summary Word Bank: Students could complete a graphic organizer tree and / or flash cards of the Amazon, vocabulary words, and risks of destroying the Amazon.

Procedure Question #2

• Review Background & Prior Knowledge - Guided Highlighted Reading for Question #2 craft, structure, and author’s purpose: Review list of prior knowledge and affirm or correct beliefs.

• Teacher led Summary of Text Structure: This informational article about the Amazon forest describes the dangers that the Amazon forest is faced with if deforestation does not stop. It identifies animals, plant and people that are in risk, if the Amazon is not saved. The author source and date of information are identified for the reader. Important words are included in bold print in headings, as well as within the passage. The author concludes the article with a fact that has the ability to shock readers and relay the importance of saving the rainforest.

• Guided Highlighted Reading Prompts for Question #2 craft, text structure, and author’s purpose (CCR Question #2-Critical Reading)

Paragraph 1: Highlight why the author wrote this article. (to raise constitution awareness during Earth Day)

Paragraph 2: Highlight what are potential losses are in the Amazon, with continued deforestation. (Projected 5,800 but with help of satellite detection, twice this amount is detected)

Paragraph 3: Highlight effects of deforestation. (As loggers and farmers destroy the forest, animals and plants may become extinct before they are discovered)

Paragraph 4: Highlight what Brazil’s government is doing to fix this problem (created two national parks in the Amazon rain forest. The government’s efforts placed 3.7 million acres of rain forest off-limits for development)

Paragraph 5: Highlight how long the rainforest will last if deforestation is not stopped (40-50 years)

Comprehension Questions: answers are in bold

1. Deforestation refers to

a. planting trees in the forest.

b. removing flowers from trees.

c. moving a forest from one continent to another.

d. cutting down trees.

2. Plants and animals in the rain forest are becoming extinct because

a. they are being killed by hunters.

b. the weather in the rain forest keeps changing.

c. loggers and farmers are destroying the rain forest.

d. tourists are vacationing in the rain forest.

3. Scientist Jim Bowyer says the real cause of deforestation is

a. population growth and poverty.

b. malls and gas stations.

c. factories and mills.

d. plants and animals.

4. Destroying trees in the rain forest will cause

a. larger rivers.

b. Earth’s climate to get hotter.

c. animals to have more homes.

d. cleaner air.

5. Why did the author write this passage?

Answers will vary, but should discuss that the risks and dangers of destroying the rainforest. Who does this effect and the importance of saving the Amazon.

Procedure Question #3

• Guided Highlighted Reading for Question #3 – What does the text mean? (CCR Question #3- Interpretation (Message, Theme, & Concept) -Close and Critical Reading)

Review the highlighting to determine what the author is trying to tell you. The author is trying to inform the reader of saving the Amazon.

Procedure Question #4

• Guided Highlighted Reading for Question #4 – So, what? What do the message/theme/concepts mean in your life and/or in the lives of others? (CCR Question #4- Relevancy - Close and Critical Reading)

Review the previous highlighting and response to determine how the article is relevent to you. Lead a discussion / reflection for possible connections. (text to text, text to self, text to world)

Suggested Activities:

(In groups of 2-3 children, discuss …

Have students create a flash cards for each of the vocabulary words and important facts. Read aloud scenarios and encourage students to hold up the card that relates to each one.

The goals for this activity are to prepare for reading a selection, to build reading fluency, to determine what is important in a paragraph, to make inferences, to determine the author’s perspective, and to read with a larger context in mind.

Close and Critical Reading—Suggested Teacher Answers

Question #1 - What does the text say? (Briefly summarize the article at the literal level.)

The article explains the risks of losing the Amazon rainforest. It includes shocking facts, cause for concerns and solutions to fix the problem.

Question #2 - How does it say it? In other words, how does the author develop the text to convey his/her purpose? (What are the genre, format, organization, features, etc.?)

The nonfiction article uses headings to organize an introduction, the three branches of government, and a conclusion. Nonfiction text features include photos, captions, and bold font.

Question #3 - What does the text mean? (What message/theme/concept is the author trying to get across?)

Review important information highlighted throughout the text.

Questions #4 - So what? (What does the message/theme/concept mean in your life and/or in the lives of others? Why is it worth sharing/telling? What significance does it have to your life and/or to the lives of others?)

Discuss possible text to self and world connections. Follow-up activity described above supports internalization of newly learned facts.

*******Insert ARTICLE here************

CONCEPTS OF COMPREHENSION: CAUSE AND EFFECT 4t h GRADE UNIT

Reading Passage

Text: Copyright © 2007 Weekly Reader Corporation. All rights reserved.

Weekly Reader is a registered trademark of Weekly Reader Corporation.

Used by permission.

© 2010 Urban Education Exchange. All rights reserved.

Can the Amazon Be Saved?

Paradise Lost?

The Amazon rain forest is

disappearing at an alarming rate.

Bright-colored toucans and other exotic

birds fly among the forest. Emerald tree

boas curl up on branches to stalk prey.

Endangered jaguars slink through the

thick brush in search of food. These are

just a few of the thousands of animals

that call the Amazon rain forest home.

A tropical rain forest is warm and has

heavy rainfall. The Amazon, in South

America, is the largest rain forest in the

world.

Yet the Amazon’s future is grim. Farmers

are rapidly destroying this lush

landscape. Deforestation1 has been

huge problem in the Amazon since the

1960s. Deforestation occurs when

farmers and loggers cut down trees to

make room for farms, homes, and roads.

Until recently, scientists thought the rain

forest was losing about 5,800 square miles a year. However, using the

latest satellite2 technology, researchers have discovered that the

Amazon is shrinking at about twice that rate.

Cause for Concern

Why should we worry about a rain forest that is thousands of miles

from where we live? Deforestation reduces the rain forest’s

biodiversity, or the variety of plants and animals in a particular area.

The Amazon is one of the richest areas of the world in animal and

plant diversity. It is home to the biggest flower in the world, a birdeating

spider, and a monkey about the size of a toothbrush.

1 deforestation: the clearing of a forest by cutting down trees and plant life

2 satellite: a man-made object that orbits Earth and has the ability to take detailed pictures of life on Earth



Toucans and other creatures

hold on as their rain forest

home disappears.

CONCEPTS OF COMPREHENSION: CAUSE AND EFFECT 4t h GRADE UNIT

Reading Passage

Text: Copyright © 2007 Weekly Reader Corporation. All rights reserved.

Weekly Reader is a registered trademark of Weekly Reader Corporation.

Used by permission.

© 2010 Urban Education Exchange. All rights reserved.

Scientists estimate that they have identified only a small number of all

species that live in the rain forest. As loggers and farmers destroy the

forest, animals and plants may become extinct before they are

discovered.

Leigh Haeger

Map of South America

Deforestation affects people too. Many of the foods, spices, and

medicines we need come from the rain forest.

The Amazon is often called the "lungs of the world." Its trees clean the

air by taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Too much carbon

dioxide in the air is harmful to humans. Carbon dioxide is a

greenhouse gas3. Greenhouse gases trap the sun’s heat close to

Earth. Without the trees in the rain forest, the Earth’s climate would

become much hotter.

3 greenhouse gas: harmful gas that causes the Earth’s climate to become hotter

CONCEPTS OF COMPREHENSION: CAUSE AND EFFECT 4t h GRADE UNIT

Reading Passage

Text: Copyright © 2007 Weekly Reader Corporation. All rights reserved.

Weekly Reader is a registered trademark of Weekly Reader Corporation.

Used by permission.

© 2010 Urban Education Exchange. All rights reserved.

Fixing the Problem

Stopping the destruction of the rain forest is not an easy task. Brazil’s

government recently created two national parks in the Amazon rain

forest. The government’s efforts placed 3.7 million acres of rain forest

off-limits for development. The protected area is more than twice the

size of Maryland.

Others think that this is not enough. "The single most important factor

contributing to forest loss is population growth in Brazil," scientist Jim

Bowyer of the University of Michigan told Weekly Reader. "People

make the forest their home. All these people need land for farming and

wood for heat and cooking. They are looking for a way to survive."

Scientists estimate that if deforestation continues at its current rate,

the rain forest may survive only another 40 to 50 years. "We need to

address the real causes of deforestation, like poverty and population

growth," says Bowyer. "Solutions need to involve the very people who

destroy the forest."

*******Insert COMREHENSION QUESTIONS here************

Name: Date:

“Can the Amazon Be Saved?” Questions

_____ 1. Deforestation refers to

e. planting trees in the forest.

f. removing flowers from trees.

g. moving a forest from one continent to another.

h. cutting down trees.

_____ 2. Plants and animals in the rain forest are becoming extinct because

e. they are being killed by hunters.

f. the weather in the rain forest keeps changing.

g. loggers and farmers are destroying the rain forest.

h. tourists are vacationing in the rain forest.

_____ 3. Scientist Jim Bowyer says the real cause of deforestation is

e. population growth and poverty.

f. malls and gas stations.

g. factories and mills.

h. plants and animals.

_____ 4. Destroying trees in the rain forest will cause

e. larger rivers.

f. Earth’s climate to get hotter.

g. animals to have more homes.

h. cleaner air.

_____ 5. Why did the author write this passage?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Close and Critical Reading—Student Copy

Question #1 - What does the text say? (Briefly summarize - 1 sentence- the article at the literal level.)

Question #2 - How does it say it? In other words, how does the author develop the text to convey his/her purpose? (What are the genre, format, organization, features, etc.?)

Question #3 - What does the text mean? (What message/theme/concept is the author trying to get across?)

Questions #4 - So what? (What does the message/theme/concept mean in your life and/or in the lives of others? Why is it worth sharing/telling? What significance does it have to your life and/or to the lives of others?)

Close and Critical Reading—Student Copy

Question #1 - What does the text say? (Briefly summarize - 1 sentence- the article at the literal level.)

Question #2 - How does it say it? In other words, how does the author develop the text to convey his/her purpose? (What are the genre, format, organization, features, etc.?)

Question #3 - What does the text mean? (What message/theme/concept is the author trying to get across?)

Questions #4 - So what? (What does the message/theme/concept mean in your life and/or in the lives of others? Why is it worth sharing/telling? What significance does it have to your life and/or to the lives of others?)

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