Pitching in Baseball - Home



PITCHING PHASESCONCENTRIC CONTRACTIONSECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONSISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONSMUSCLE FUNCTIONOTHER MUSCLE ACTIONSWIND-UP-Hip flexors (rectus femoris, iliopsoas, Sartorius, pectineus)Lift lead legShoulders partially flexed and abducted by ant/middle deltoids, supraspinatus, pectoralis major (clavicular head portion)Quadriceps musclesSlightly bend stance legHip abductors of stance leg(gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, TFL)Prevent downward tilting of opposite side pelvisHip extensors of stance legHip extensors of stance legStablilize hip flexionElbow flexors (biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis)Maintain elbow flexionSTRIDEHip flexorsControls lowering of lead legForward mvmt initiated by hip abd, followed by stance leg hip/knee extLead leg falls downward and fwd lead hip rotates externally Trunk tilts slightly sideways away from targetSupinator and biceps brachii supinate forearmRhomboids and middle trapezius retract scapulaHip abductors of stance legHelp lengthen strideHip extensors of stance leg (gluteus max, hamstrings)Stance hip extendsDeltoid and suprapinatusAbducting/ maintain humeral head in glenoid fossaShoulder Abduction, external rotation, horizontal abdElbow flexors of throwing armElbow flexors of throwing armControl elbow flexionWrist and finger extensors (ext. carpi radialis, ext. carpi ulnaris, ext. digitorum)Move from slight flexion to hyperextensionArm positioned slightly behind trunk by hz abdARM COCKINGQuadriceps muscles of lead legDecelerate knee flexionShoulder girdle muscles (levator scapulae, serratus ant., trapezius, rhomboids, pec. Minor) work together to help stabilize scapula and position glenoid for humeral head actionRotator cuff muscles help keep humeral head properly centered within glenoid fossaForearm flexors and pronators help stabilize elbowQuadriceps muscles of lead legStabilize lead legPectoralis major and anterior deltoidPrimary shoulder hz. abductors as trunk rotates to face targetBiceps brachii/subscapularisControl shoulder ERSupraspinatus/DeltoidShoulder abductionTeres minor/InfraspinatusShoulder hz abduction and ERTrapezius/ Serratus anteriorScapula upward rotationLattisimus dorsi/Teres majorControl shoulder ERPectoralis majorControl shoulder hz abductionTriceps brachiiControl elbow flexionARM ACCELERATIONShoulder internal rotatorsHelp produce extremely high max IR velocityAt ball release, trunk flexes forward from hyperextension to neutralHigh activity from rotator cuff muscles, trapezius, serratus anterior, rhomboids, and levator scapula crucial during this phase (humeral head control and scapula stabilization)Lattisimus dorsi, teres major, subscapulariusShoulder Internal RotationTricepsElbow extensionWrist flexorsSlow hyperextension at beginning of phaseWrist flexorsFlexion as ball release is approachedARM DECELERATIONBiceps brachii/supinatorDeload pronating forearm/control elbow ext.Trunk and hip continue to flexLead knee and throwing elbow continue extensionLower trapezius, rhomboids, serratus anterior provide stability to scapulaPosterior deltoid/infraspinatusControl of hz adductionSupraspinatus/ Teres minorControl of hz adduction and internal rotationWrist/finger flexorsWrist flexionWrist/finger extensorsDecelerate wrist/finger flexionFOLLOW-THROUGHPosterior shoulder musclesContinue to decelerate shoulder hz adductionSerratus anterior most active contracting either concentrically or isometricallyMiddle trapezius/ rhomboidsDecelerate scapular protractionWrist/finger extensorsDecelerate wrist flexion ................
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