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Name _________________________________________ Date _________________________ Period ____Class Work, Homework, and TEST GRADE RECOVERYChapter 5: ThermochemistryExercises: Sections 5.1: The Nature of Energy1. Define the following:(a) thermodynamics(b) thermochemistry (c) energy (E)(d) heat(q)(e) work(w)(f) force(F)(g) kinetic energy(Ek)1. Continued:(h) potential energy(Ep)(i) electrostatic potential energy(Eel)(j) chemical energy(k) thermal energy(l) system(m) surroundings(n) closed system(o) open system(p) isolated system2. (a) What is the SI unit of energy? (b) What is the traditional unit of energy changes accompanying chemical reactions? (c) What is the traditional unit of nutritional energy? (d) What is the value of the nutritional energy unit in calories?3. List the mathematical equations for each of the following and define each term:(a) kinetic energy(b) gravitational potential energy(c) electrostatic potential energy(d) work(e) force4. (a) Mathematically connect the work done to lift a bowing ball against the force of gravity to the gravitational potential energy possessed by that bowing ball. (b) Calculate the potential energy possessed by a 14 pound bowling ball lifted to a height of 3.0 feet. Follow ALL math work rules!5. Suppose you toss a tennis ball upwards.a) Does the kinetic energy of the ball increase or decrease as it moves higher? ____________________b) Does the potential energy of the ball increase or decrease as it moves higher? __________________c) At what point does the potential energy of the ball reach a maximum? ________________________6. a) What is the kinetic energy in kilojoules of a 2800-lb automobile moving at 35 mph? Follow ALL math work rules!b) By what factor will the kinetic energy increase if the speed of the automobile is doubled? Follow ALL math work rules!c) Where does this kinetic energy “go” when the car comes to a stop? 7. a) A watt is a measure of power (the rate of energy change) equal to 1 J/ s. Calculate the number of joules in a kilowatt-hour. Follow ALL math work rules!b) An adult person radiates heat to the surroundings at about the same rate as a 100-watt electric incandescent light bulb. What is the total amount of energy in kcal radiated to the surroundings by an adult in 24 hours? Follow ALL math work rules!8. In a thermodynamic study a scientist focuses on the properties of a solution continuously flowing into an apparatus at the top and out at the bottom, such that the amount of solution in the apparatus is constant with time.(a) Is the solution in the apparatus a closed system? Why or why not. (b) If it is not a closed system, what could be done to make it a closed system?9. Identify the force present, and explain whether work is done when and why:a) a positively charged particle moves in a circle at a fixed distance from a negatively charged particle9. Continued:b) an iron nail is pulled off a magnet ................
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